汉语新难词英译
英语课
摘要：时代飞速发展，汉语新难词不断涌现，翻译时颇难下笔，还有一些政策性很强的词句，翻译时颇费斟酌。故而，中国译协中译外委员会（由来自外交部、中央编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中国国际广播电台、中国日报社的专家学者组成）定期组织研讨会议，讨论并规范目前外宣工作中的汉语新难词，向社会公布，以正视听。以下选摘部分（均已注明出处，以显有据可稽）。
经济词汇
保险业 the insurance industry
保证重点指出 ensure funding for priority areas
补发拖欠的养老金 clear up pension payments in arrears 1
不良贷款 non-performing loan
层层转包和违法分包 mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting
城乡信用社 credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas
城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents
城镇职工医疗保障制度 the system of medical insurance for urban workers
出口信贷 export credit
贷款质量 loan quality
贷款质量五级分类办法 the five-category assets classification for bank loans
防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks
防洪工程 flood-prevention project
非法外汇交易 illegal foreign exchange transaction
非贸易收汇 foreign exchange earnings 2 through nontrade channels
非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions
费改税 transform administrative 3 fees into taxes
跟踪审计 foolow-up auditing 4
工程监理制度 the monitoring system for projects
国有资产安全 the safety of state-owned assets
过度开垦 excess reclamation 5
合同管理制度 the contract system for governing projects
积极的财政政策 pro-active fiscal 6 policy
基本生活费 basic allowance
解除劳动关系 sever 7 labor 8 relation
金融监管责任制 the responsibility system for financial supervision 9
经济安全 economic security
靠扩大财政赤字搞建设 to increase the deficit 10 to spend more on development
扩大国内需求 the expansion of domestic demand
拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth
粮食仓库 grain depot 11
粮食收购企业 grain collection and storage enterprise
粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 closed operation of grain purchase funds
粮食销售市场 grain sales market
劣质工程 shoddy engineering
乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges,fund-raising,quotas and fines
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses 12, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 13
融资渠道 financing channels
商业信贷原则 the principles for commercial credit
社会保险机构 social security institution
失业保险金 unemployment insurance benefits
偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion 14, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes
外汇收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending
以上摘自《中国翻译》2000年第二期
安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents
信息化 information-based; informationization
智力密集型 concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive
外资企业 overseas-funded enterprises
下岗职工 laid-off workers
分流 reposition of redundant 15 personnel
三角债 chain debts
素质教育 education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects
社会治安情况 law-and-order situation
民族国家 nation state
以上选摘自《中国翻译》2000年第一期
“台独” "independence of Taiwan"
台湾当局 Taiwan authorities
台湾同胞 Taiwan compatriots
台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.
西部大开发 Development of the West Regions
可持续性发展 sustainable development
风险投资 risk investment
通货紧缩 deflation
扩大内需 to expand domestic demand
计算机辅助教学 computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )
网络空间 cyberspace
虚拟现实 virtual reality
网民 netizen ( net citizen )
电脑犯罪 computer crime
电子商务 the e-business
网上购物 shopping online
应试教育 exam-oriented education
学生减负 to reduce study load
n.到期未付之债，拖欠的款项；待做的工作
- The payments on that car loan are in arrears by three months.购车贷款的偿付被拖欠了三个月。
- They are urgent for payment of arrears of wages.他们催讨拖欠的工钱。
n.工资收人；利润，利益，所得
- That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
- Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。
adj.行政的，管理的
- The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。
- He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。
n.审计，查账，决算
- Auditing standards are the rules governing how an audit is performed.收支检查标准是规则统治一个稽核如何被运行。
- The auditing services market is dominated by a few large accounting firms.审计服务市场被几家大型会计公司独占了。
n.开垦；改造；（废料等的）回收
- We should encourage reclamation and recycling.我们应当鼓励废物的回收和利用。
- The area is needed for a land reclamation project.一个土地开垦项目要在这一地区进行。
adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的
- The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
- The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。
v.切开，割开；断绝，中断
- She wanted to sever all her connections with the firm.她想断绝和那家公司的所有联系。
- We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
- We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
- He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。
n.监督，管理
- The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
- The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。
n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差
- The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
- We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。
n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站
- The depot is only a few blocks from here.公共汽车站离这儿只有几个街区。
- They leased the building as a depot.他们租用这栋大楼作仓库。
n.借口（pretense的复数形式）
- They obtained money under the false pretenses of patriotism. 他们以虚伪的爱国主义为借口获得金钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He obtained money from her under false pretenses. 他巧立名目从她那儿骗钱。 来自辞典例句
n.套利，套汇
- This is an example of arbitrage.这就是套利的一个例子。
- That is interest arbitrage in practice.这就是所谓的套利。
n.逃避，偷漏(税)
- The movie star is in prison for tax evasion.那位影星因为逃税而坐牢。
- The act was passed as a safeguard against tax evasion.这项法案旨在防止逃税行为。
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