你真的会说话?英语中的各种“说”
英语课
在转述对话的时候,我们常用动词say一次又一次地使用。而he said、she said的用法在重复的使用下也显得乏味不堪。这种用法不仅老生常谈,而且叙述性页不强。为了更好地表达记叙文中的间接引语及其他陈述的情绪,使用表声音的动词与副词就显得尤为重要。表声音的动词与副词能够帮助表达出陈述、疑问和回复中所包含的动机,并向读者传达重要的信息。
每一个表声音动词和副词后面,都附有对其典型用法的简要描述,以及一个例句来陈述怎样用更具描述性的用法来替换he said、she said。
Vocal 1 Verbs
表声音动词
表声音的动词可以传达出陈述语气中包含的信息。例如,拟声动词moan(悲叹)能表达出以抱怨的语气或低声说出某事。根据不同陈述类型所表达出的意义,这些表声音动词可以进行以下分类。
1.Say Suddenly
突然说
Blurt 2
(脱口而出)
Exclaim
(大声说出)
Gasp 3
(喘着气说话)
Snap
(厉声说)
Examples:
例子
Alison blurted 4 out the answer.
艾莉森将答案脱口而出。
Jack 5 gasped 6 in reaction to the scene.
面对现场,杰克气喘吁吁。
I snapped a quick response to his question.
我飞快地回答了他的问题。
2.Provide Advice / Opinion
提供建议/意见
Advise
(建议)
Argue
(证明)
Caution
(警告)
Note
(注意)
Observe
(评述)
Warn
(警告)
Examples:
例子
Pete cautioned the children to be careful.
皮特提醒孩子们注意安全。
The teacher observed that the exercise was difficult.
老师认为这次测验很难。
The driver warned his passengers about the noise.
司机警告乘客不要大声喧哗。
3.Exclaim
(大声说出)
Bellow 7
(吼叫)
Call
(喊叫)
Cry
(叫喊)
Scream
(尖叫)
Shout
(呼喊)
Yell
(喊叫着说)
Examples:
例子
She shouted out the answer.
她大声喊出答案。
The boys screamed as they dived into the cold water.
当男孩们把手伸进冷水里时,他们尖叫起来。
The mother cried out in disdain 8 when her son was accused of the crime.
当得知儿子被指控有罪时,不屑地大声抱怨。
4.Say Softly
轻声说
The following four vocal verbs are often used as a complaint.
下面的四个表声音的动词常用于抱怨中。
Groan 9
(抱怨)
Moan
(抱怨着说)
Mumble 10
(咕哝)
Mutter
(喃喃自语)
Whisper
(低声说出)
Examples:
例子
Jack mumbled 11 his responses to the questions.
杰克嘟哝着说出问题的答案。
He muttered so badly that they couldn't understand him.
他喃喃自语,以至于大家都没理解他的意思。
I moaned that I was hurt.
我抱怨着说,自己受伤了。
5.Say with Authority / Command
有威信/命令地说
Announce
(宣布)
Assert
(主张)
Order
(命令)
Examples:
例子
The teacher announced the exam at the end of the week.
老师宣布,考试在周末进行。
Jane asserted her rights as a voter.
简以选举人的身份宣告了自己的权力。
The police ordered the protesters away from the area.
警察命令抗议者撤离。
Vocal Adverbs
表声音的副词
表声音的副词能够传达出陈述方式所包含的信息。表声音的副词常在说话者进行陈述时,用来表达其他附加信息。例如,表声音的副词joyfully 12表示高兴地说出某事。
例如:He joyfully exclaimed the news!(他高兴地宣布了这个消息!)表示说话人在陈述时非常愉快。而He arrogantly 13 exclaimed the news.(他不可一世地宣布了这个消息)则传达出了另一种截然不同的说话者信息。
Common Vocal Adverbs
常见的表声音的副词
1.admiringly - indicates: respect for someone
表示:非常尊敬某人
Example:
例子
Alice admiringly noticed his clothes.
爱丽丝钦佩地注视着他的穿着。
2.angrily - indicates: with anger
表示:带着怒气
Example:
例子
She angrily denounced his crimes.
她愤怒地指责了他的罪行。
3.casually 14 - indicates: without much importance
表示:不加以重视
Example:
例子
She casually conceded her mistake.
她很随意地就承认了自己的错误。
4.cautiously - indicates: in a careful manner
表示:小心翼翼地
Example:
例子
She cautiously mentioned the extra homework.
她小心翼翼地提到额外的家庭作业。
5.cheerfully - indicates: joy, happiness
表示:快乐、开心。
Example:
例子
Frank cheerfully agreed to do the job.
法兰克高兴地接受了这份工作。
6.decisively - indicates: belief in statement made
表示:对自己所说的话十分坚信
Example:
例子
Ken 15 decisively replied to the question.
肯果断地回答了这个问题。
7.defiantly 16 - indicates: challenge to something
表示:挑战某事
Example:
例子
Peter defiantly taunted 17 his classmates.
皮特挑衅地奚落了同学们。
8.formally - indicates: proper, correct
表示:合适的,正确的
Example:
例子
Josh formally complained to the personnel department.
乔希正式向人事部投诉。
9.gloomily - indicates: without much belief in something
表示:对某事不太确信
Example:
例子
I gloomily remarked that I was aware of the problem.
我郁郁地说自己意识到了问题。
10.harshly - indicates: critical judgement
严厉地批判
Example:
例子
The teacher harshly scolded the children.
老师严厉地批评了孩子们。
11.jealously - indicates: wanting something that someone else has
表示:想得到别人拥有的某物
Example:
例子
Mary jealously whined 18 the wanted some of the ice cream.
玛丽嫉妒地抱怨,想吃点冰淇淋。
12.meekly 19 - indicates: without much conviction
表示:不确信
Example:
例子
Jennifer meekly mumbled her apology.
詹妮弗轻声嘟哝着自己的错误。
13.mysteriously - indicates: mystery, unexplained situations
表示:神秘的,未说明的情形
Example:
例子
Susan mysteriously warned us about the townin Utah.
苏珊神秘兮兮地警告我们小心犹他州里的那个小镇。
14.offensively - indicates: rudeness
表示:粗鲁的
Example:
例子
Alan offensively argued his point about schooling 20.
艾伦毫不客气地争论着关于教育的看法。
15.sadly - indicates: sadness
表示:悲伤地
Example:
例子
Thomas sadly observed that his business was bankrupt.
托马斯悲痛地意识到,他破产了。
16.serenely 21 - indicates: peace, complete belief in something
表示:平静,完全相信某事。
Example:
例子
Alice serenely responded to the investigators 22 questions.
爱丽丝沉着地火大了调查者的疑问。
17.shyly - indicates: without conviction, shyness
表示:不确信,羞怯地
Example:
例子
The customer shyly complained about the food to the manager.
客人含蓄地向经理抱怨了饭菜。
18.sternly - indicates: authority
表示:权威地
Example:
例子
The teacher sternly stated that all reports were due on Friday.
老师严厉声明,所有的报告都应在周五之前上交。
19.thankfully - indicates: gratitude 23
表示:感激地
Example:
例子
Jane thankfully accepted the job offer.
简感激地接受了这份工作。
20.wisely - indicates: wisdom, smart decision
表示:明智的,聪明的决定。
Example:
例子
Angela wisely commented on the situation.
安吉拉对形势进行了明智的点评。
adj.直言不讳的;嗓音的;n.[pl.]声乐节目
- The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
- Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。
vt.突然说出,脱口说出
- If you can blurt out 300 sentences,you can make a living in America.如果你能脱口而出300句英语,你可以在美国工作。
- I will blurt out one passage every week.我每星期要脱口而出一篇短文!
n.喘息,气喘;v.喘息;气吁吁他说
- She gave a gasp of surprise.她吃惊得大口喘气。
- The enemy are at their last gasp.敌人在做垂死的挣扎。
v.突然说出,脱口而出( blurt的过去式和过去分词 )
- She blurted it out before I could stop her. 我还没来得及制止,她已脱口而出。
- He blurted out the truth, that he committed the crime. 他不慎说出了真相,说是他犯了那个罪。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
- I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
- He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
v.喘气( gasp的过去式和过去分词 );喘息;倒抽气;很想要
- She gasped at the wonderful view. 如此美景使她惊讶得屏住了呼吸。
- People gasped with admiration at the superb skill of the gymnasts. 体操运动员的高超技艺令人赞叹。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
v.吼叫,怒吼;大声发出,大声喝道
- The music is so loud that we have to bellow at each other to be heard.音乐的声音实在太大,我们只有彼此大声喊叫才能把话听清。
- After a while,the bull began to bellow in pain.过了一会儿公牛开始痛苦地吼叫。
n.鄙视,轻视;v.轻视,鄙视,不屑
- Some people disdain labour.有些人轻视劳动。
- A great man should disdain flatterers.伟大的人物应鄙视献媚者。
vi./n.呻吟,抱怨;(发出)呻吟般的声音
- The wounded man uttered a groan.那个受伤的人发出呻吟。
- The people groan under the burden of taxes.人民在重税下痛苦呻吟。
n./v.喃喃而语,咕哝
- Her grandmother mumbled in her sleep.她祖母含混不清地说着梦话。
- He could hear the low mumble of Navarro's voice.他能听到纳瓦罗在小声咕哝。
含糊地说某事,叽咕,咕哝( mumble的过去式和过去分词 )
- He mumbled something to me which I did not quite catch. 他对我叽咕了几句话,可我没太听清楚。
- George mumbled incoherently to himself. 乔治语无伦次地喃喃自语。
adv. 喜悦地, 高兴地
- She tripped along joyfully as if treading on air. 她高兴地走着,脚底下轻飘飘的。
- During these first weeks she slaved joyfully. 在最初的几周里,她干得很高兴。
adv.傲慢地
- The consular porter strode arrogantly ahead with his light swinging. 领事馆的门房提着摇来晃去的灯,在前面大摇大摆地走着。
- It made his great nose protrude more arrogantly. 这就使得他的大鼻子更加傲慢地翘起来。
adv.漠不关心地,无动于衷地,不负责任地
- She remarked casually that she was changing her job.她当时漫不经心地说要换工作。
- I casually mentioned that I might be interested in working abroad.我不经意地提到我可能会对出国工作感兴趣。
n.视野,知识领域
- Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
- Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.
adv.挑战地,大胆对抗地
- Braving snow and frost, the plum trees blossomed defiantly. 红梅傲雪凌霜开。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- She tilted her chin at him defiantly. 她向他翘起下巴表示挑衅。 来自《简明英汉词典》
嘲讽( taunt的过去式和过去分词 ); 嘲弄; 辱骂; 奚落
- The other kids continually taunted him about his size. 其他孩子不断地耻笑他的个头儿。
- Some of the girls taunted her about her weight. 有些女孩子笑她胖。
v.哀号( whine的过去式和过去分词 );哀诉,诉怨
- The dog whined at the door, asking to be let out. 狗在门前嚎叫着要出去。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
- He whined and pouted when he did not get what he wanted. 他要是没得到想要的东西就会发牢骚、撅嘴。 来自辞典例句
adv.温顺地,逆来顺受地
- He stood aside meekly when the new policy was proposed. 当有人提出新政策时,他唯唯诺诺地站 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He meekly accepted the rebuke. 他顺从地接受了批评。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.教育;正规学校教育
- A child's access to schooling varies greatly from area to area.孩子获得学校教育的机会因地区不同而大相径庭。
- Backward children need a special kind of schooling.天赋差的孩子需要特殊的教育。
adv.安详地,宁静地,平静地
- The boat sailed serenely on towards the horizon.小船平稳地向着天水交接处驶去。
- It was a serenely beautiful night.那是一个宁静美丽的夜晚。
n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
- This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
- The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
标签:
口语