SSS 2012-06-29
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(六)月
英语课
This is Scientific Americans 60 second Science, I am Christopher Intagliata, got a minute?
You know what fiber 1's good for—to keep things moving smoothly 2 downstairs. But it's not just for staying regular. Fiber can boost the number of beneficial bacteria in your gut 3, too. That's according to a study in the Journal of Nutrition.
Researchers gave 20 men a daily snack bar to munch 4 on. The bars had 21 grams of either polydextrose or soluble 5 corn fiber—two fibers 6 commonly added to cereal, pancake mixes and breakfast bars. After two weeks researchers took stool samples, and sequenced the DNA 7 of bacteria living in them.
Turns out that extra fiber upped populations of Faecalibacterium—an anti-inflammatory bug 8 that may protect the gut against inflammatory bowel 9 syndrome 10. Fiber also increased the numbers of lactobacillus—the beneficial microbe in yogurt and probiotics. The researchers say these friendly bacteria may thrive when you eat fiber because you're supplying the bugs 11 with what they prefer to eat.
Most Americans get only about 15 grams of fiber a day—half the recommended value. So instead of focusing on probiotics, to add new bacteria to your gut, the researchers say why not eat prebiotics like fiber, to feed the good guys already living there?
Thanks for the minute for Scientific Americans 60 second Science, I am Christopher Intagliata
1 fiber
n.纤维，纤维质
- The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
- The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。
2 smoothly
adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地
- The workmen are very cooperative,so the work goes on smoothly.工人们十分合作，所以工作进展顺利。
- Just change one or two words and the sentence will read smoothly.这句话只要动一两个字就顺了。
3 gut
n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏
- It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
- My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。
4 munch
v.用力嚼，大声咀嚼
- We watched her munch through two packets of peanuts.我们看她津津有味地嚼了两包花生米。
- Getting them to munch on vegetable dishes was more difficult.使他们吃素菜就比较困难了。
5 soluble
adj.可溶的；可以解决的
- These tablets are soluble in water.这些药片可在水中溶解。
- Camphor is soluble in alcohol.樟脑在酒精中可以溶化。
6 fibers
光纤( fiber的名词复数 )； （织物的）质地； 纤维，纤维物质
- Thesolution of collagen-PVA was wet spined with the sodium sulfate as coagulant and collagen-PVA composite fibers were prepared. 在此基础上，以硫酸钠为凝固剂，对胶原-PVA共混溶液进行湿法纺丝，制备了胶原-PVA复合纤维。
- Sympathetic fibers are distributed to all regions of the heart. 交感神经纤维分布于心脏的所有部分。
7 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
- DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
- Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
8 bug
n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器
- There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
- The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。
9 bowel
n.肠(尤指人肠)；内部，深处
- Irritable bowel syndrome seems to affect more women than men.女性比男性更易患肠易激综合征。
- Have you had a bowel movement today?你今天有排便吗？