时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:2016年Scientific American(八)月


英语课

 


Today's cars have loads of computer smarts built in. Like the chips that allow you, with the push of a button to unlock your car. And as new cars move down the assembly line, automakers program those functions into the car.


"They produce one car and they program a cryptographic secret in it, in order to secure it against thieves." Timo Kasper, a cryptographer and engineer at the security and IT consulting company Kasper & Oswald. "Then comes the next car on the production line and they put the same secrets into the second car. And then comes the third car on the production line and they again put the same secrets into this car. And they repeat this process for millions of cars in the world. And now millions of cars in the world share the same cryptographic secret. Of course, this secret is not so well protected anymore, because it's in every of these million cars, and in every remote control. And this is of course a typical example of how to not do it." 


And yet, he says that's exactly how the Volkswagen Group did do it, for many cars manufactured in the last 20 years. Kasper and his colleagues decoded 1 that shared cryptographic secret by studying the design and operation of chips from VW Group cars and remotes. After hacking 3 the hardware, they were easily able to eavesdrop 4 on and decrypt unlocking signals, clone the remote control and unlock cars. They presented the details August 12th at the USENIX Security Symposium 5, in Austin, Texas. [Flavio D. Garcia et al., Lock It and Still Lose It—on the (In)Security of Automotive Remote Keyless Entry Systems]


Kasper says VW is aware of the problem—and they're not alone. "This is not a VW bug 6 but this is a red line, as we Germans say, through all the automotive industry." In fact, in the same study, they showed that another encryption system used by many other brands, including Ford 7, Chevy, Nissan and Mitsubishi, has a weak cryptographic algorithm—which, again, allowed the team to break into more than a dozen cars. 


Bottom line? It's easier to hack 2 into cars than many drivers might have imagined. So if you want to avoid eavesdropping 8, the researchers recommend simply ditching remote controls and cryptography, and just go back to the good old metal key.


—Christopher Intagliata



1 decoded
v.译(码),解(码)( decode的过去式和过去分词 );分析及译解电子信号
  • The control unit decoded the 18 bits. 控制器对这18位字进行了译码。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Scientists have decoded the dog genome. 科学家已经译解了狗的基因组。 来自辞典例句
2 hack
n.劈,砍,出租马车;v.劈,砍,干咳
  • He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
  • Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。
3 hacking
n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动
  • The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
  • We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。
4 eavesdrop
v.偷听,倾听
  • He ensconced himself in the closet in order to eavesdrop.他藏在壁橱里,以便偷听。
  • It is not polite to eavesdrop on the conversation of other people.偷听他人说话是很不礼貌的。
5 symposium
n.讨论会,专题报告会;专题论文集
  • What have you learned from the symposium?你参加了这次科学讨论会有什么体会?
  • The specialists and scholars present at the symposium come from all corners of the country.出席研讨会的专家学者们来自全国各地。
6 bug
n.虫子;故障;窃听器;vt.纠缠;装窃听器
  • There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。
  • The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。
7 Ford
n.浅滩,水浅可涉处;v.涉水,涉过
  • They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上,所以我们只能涉水过河。
  • If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪,必须极度小心。
8 eavesdropping
n. 偷听
  • We caught him eavesdropping outside the window. 我们撞见他正在窗外偷听。
  • Suddenly the kids,who had been eavesdropping,flew into the room. 突然间,一直在偷听的孩子们飞进屋来。
学英语单词
'Ain Fīt
a peg to hang something on
Actinidia cylindrica
afterffect
anisopilothrips venustulus
antiblockade
apidictors
Artam
automatic tool changing
barbon cycle
basic facilities
black austrian pine
businessman
Casselberry's position
chcs
chill roller
Citexal
color lock transmitter
conqinine
coolant reactor
cross span
defended
degazetting
department of music
diameter of equivalent circle
disours
Earthese
editor programmer
encephalitogens
ergotaman
Eriobotrya seguinii
erwin schrodingers
fallings out
fast curing cement
felt-lined
flibbertigibbety
flue gas recirculation
fluoroantipyrine
formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine(FMLP)
Foïta
grindings
heterofermenter
holds me down
hongju
idolatress
immunoexpress
inclined grizzly
indoor environment
investient
kettie waike
Kukmorskiy Rayon
launching barge
layout of line production
male sex
maximum permissible grid swing
mercurate
molasses trade
multiple-use barn
nitor in adversum
nonanonymous
NUPER (nuclear plant event report)
orbell
ostkreuzs
pelrinage
plane coordinates
plumb aligner
plumbotsumite
Potash-Margarite
preweighting
primary administrative division office
projecting line
proximal tubuli
Prutz
pseudocythere chanwei
pusher screw
rise and fall clause
ruffite
satisfy oneself
scarabaeuses
scopolamine-N-oxide
signators
singe their feather
skewed density function
stereographic technique
subgraphs
subjectate
tecla
to en mai (japan)
toxic cyanosis
transport disengaging height
tube it
U-shaped section
undercompensated integral control
valve type
vertical antenna
Viola reichenbachiana
voltage excursion
Wassadou
whatever you say
x-ray powder diffraction method
xantho-protein reaction
Yumesaki