科学美国人60秒 SSS 2016-8-06
时间：2019-01-20 作者：英语课 分类：2016年Scientific American(八)月
Watch your tone—because it turns out it really isn’t what you say—it's how you say it. At least when it comes to couples in couples counseling.
注意你的语气，事实证明你说什么不重要，而是在于你怎么说。至少在心理咨询时涉及到夫妻时。
That’s according to a study in Proceedings 1 of Interspeech. [Md Nasir et al., Still Together?: The Role of Acoustic 2 Features in Predicting Marital 3 Outcome]
这是根据《Interspeech学报》上的一项研究。
Researchers developed a computer algorithm to gauge 4 relationships between spouses 5 based on their vocal 6 patterns. Working with hundreds of recorded conversations from marriage therapy sessions collected over two years, the algorithm was able to predict whether a relationship was going to get better or worse with an accuracy of just under eighty percent.
研究人员研发出一种计算机算法，根据他们的声音模式来衡量夫妻之间的关系。通过采用在两年多的时间里所收集的婚姻治疗会话的录音，该算法能够预测一段关系将变得更好或恶化，其准确性接近80%。
How they did it? The recordings 7 were divided by acoustic features that used speech processing techniques to track pitch and voice warble and intensity 8.
These clips from the researcher’s training video illustrate 9 psychological states that characterize distressed 10 relationships. This one, for example, shows “negative affect” and “reactivity” – behaviors that relationship experts believe are troublesome.
他们是如何做到的？使用语音处理技术来追踪语调的起伏、颤动、强度，根据这些声学特征对录音进行划分。研究人员们的这些培训视频片断表明不良关系的心理状态。例如这个案例：表明“消极情感”及其“反应”——婚姻问题专家认为这些行为表示出现问题。
Female: And I want you to just come home at a more reasonable time rather than you know walking in the door at 11. Male: I just don’t think you understand just how much I have to do, what my work entails 11. Female: Well, what is there to understand?
女士：我希望你能在一个更合理的时间回家，而不是你知道在11点时进家门。男士：我只是认为你不明白我要做多少事情，我的工作需要。女士：好吧！这还有什么需要理解的？
The counseling sessions were also tested against behavioral analyses with codes for positives such as “acceptance” and the negatives such as “blame.” Using only that more standardized 12 research method wasn’t as predictable as listening to the vocal expressions.
这些咨询会话也同样进行了行为分析测试，并使用如“接纳”类的积极词语和“责备”类的消极词语进行编码。只采用这种标准化的研究方法并不像听声音所表现出来的更加有可预见性。
Now, these examples are negative as the researchers focused on distressed relationship dynamics 13. One could imagine the algorithms may also work the same way when looking at positive vocal patterns. Because even married couples sometimes say nice things to each other.
目前，由于研究者们关注有问题关系的动态，因此这些例子都是负面的。人们可以想象这个算法也可以采用同样的方式处理积极声音模式。因为即便是已婚夫妻有时也会互相说说对方的好话。
- He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
- to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
- The hall has a fine acoustic.这个大厅的传音效果很好。
- Animals use a whole rang of acoustic, visual,and chemical signals in their systems of communication.动物利用各种各样的听觉、视觉和化学信号来进行交流。
- Her son had no marital problems.她的儿子没有婚姻问题。
- I regret getting involved with my daughter's marital problems;all its done is to bring trouble about my ears.我后悔干涉我女儿的婚姻问题, 现在我所做的一切将给我带来无穷的烦恼。
- Can you gauge what her reaction is likely to be?你能揣测她的反应可能是什么吗？
- It's difficult to gauge one's character.要判断一个人的品格是很困难的。
- Jobs are available for spouses on campus and in the community. 校园里和社区里有配偶可做的工作。 来自辞典例句
- An astonishing number of spouses-most particularly in the upper-income brackets-have no close notion of their husbands'paychecks. 相当大一部分妇女——特别在高收入阶层——并不很了解他们丈夫的薪金。 来自辞典例句
- The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
- Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。
- a boxed set of original recordings 一套盒装原声录音带
- old jazz recordings reissued on CD 以激光唱片重新发行的老爵士乐
- I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
- The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
- The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。
- This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。
- He was too distressed and confused to answer their questions. 他非常苦恼而困惑，无法回答他们的问题。
- The news of his death distressed us greatly. 他逝世的消息使我们极为悲痛。
- The job entails a lot of hard work. 这工作需要十分艰苦的努力。
- This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力。
- We use standardized tests to measure scholastic achievement. 我们用标准化考试来衡量学生的学业成绩。
- The parts of an automobile are standardized. 汽车零件是标准化了的。