VOA双语新闻：3、美国大选影响未来财税政策走向
时间：2018-12-19 作者：英语课 分类：VOA双语新闻 2012年8月
美国大选影响未来财税政策走向
Unless the U.S. Congress acts, most Americans will pay more taxes next year to a federal government forced to slash 1 domestic and national defense 2 spending. Such an outcome would significantly cut the deficit 3, but could also damage an already-weak U.S. economy. The November elections could determine how the nation proceeds.
除非美国国会采取行动，大多数美国人明年就要多缴税，因为联邦政府需要削减国内和国防开支。这样做能一方面能减少财政赤字，但是同时也可能损害疲软的美国经济。今年十一月的大选将决定美国在这方面未来的政策走向。
Last week brought a tantalizing 4 hint of movement in a politically divided legislature. The Democrat 5-controlled Senate passed a bill to retain current tax rates on earnings 6 under $250,000 a year. Democrat Charles Schumer said, “The House should act immediately so the president can sign this bill into law.”
美国国会在夏季休会前两院都通过了与税收相关的法案。民主党控制的参议院通过的法案对于年收入25万美元以下的人保持现有的征税水平。民主党参议员查尔斯.舒默说：“众议院应该立刻行动起来，这样总统就能在这个议案上签字生效了。”
But Republicans, who control the House of Representatives, say the measure will die in the lower chamber 7. House Speaker John Boehner had a message for President Barack Obama and congressional Democrats 8. “Mr. President, I tell you what: if you want to show that you stand with American small-business owners, the best thing you can do is drop your plan to increase their taxes on January first," he said.
但是控制着众议院的共和党议员说，这个议案无法在众议院通过。众议院议长约翰.博纳向奥巴马总统和国会民主党议员传达了这样的信息：“总统先生，我想告诉你：如果你要让人们看到你支持美国的小企业主，你能做的最好的事就是放弃你在一月一日增加他们的税收的计划。”
Republicans want current tax rates extended for all income levels, including the very wealthy, whom they describe as America’s job creators. Senator John Thune said, “The one thing we do not need in the middle of this kind of an economy is a big, fat tax increase.”
共和党人希望将保持现有税收水平的计划扩大到所有阶层，包括共和党人称之为美国工作创造者的富裕阶层。共和党参议员约翰.图恩说：“在现在的经济环境下，我们最不需要做的就是大幅增税。”
The Senate’s top Republican, Mitch McConnell, summed up his take on the Democratic agenda by saying, “Taking more money from those who earn it for the government to waste.”
参议院共和党领袖麦康奈尔参议员认为民主党的做法是“政府把人们辛苦赚来的拿走然后浪费掉。”
Democrats counter that allowing the tax rate for top earners to rise would reduce the severity of automatic spending cuts that will disproportionately affect poorer and middle-income Americans. President Obama says America's deficit cannot be eliminated by budget cuts alone. “I do not believe you can reduce the deficit without asking the wealthiest Americans, including folks like me, to give up the tax cuts they have been benefiting from for the last decade," he said.
民主党人反驳说，允许向富人增加税收将缓解因自动削减财政开支而受到更大幅度影响的中低收入阶层的困境。奥巴马总统说，美国的赤字没办法单纯通过削减预算解决：“我认为如果我们不要求包括我在内的、富有阶层放弃过去的十年中享受到的税收优惠，我们就无法做到削减赤字。”
While Republicans portray 9 themselves as champions of businesses small and large, Democrats want voters to view them as defenders 10 of a faltering 11 middle class.
共和党人把自己刻画成企业利益的维护者，而民主党人则希望民众把他们看作是中产阶级利益的捍卫者。
Senator Barbara Boxer 12 said, “Who are you fighting for? Are you fighting for the people who make a billion dollars a year? That is who the Republicans fight for. Or are you fighting for the middle class, the heart and soul of America?”
民主党参议员芭芭拉.伯克瑟说：“你在为谁争取利益？为亿万富翁吗？共和党人维护的就是这些人的利益。或者你是否要为那些可以称之为美国良心的中产阶级而战斗？”
With neither political party able to exert its will, both are waiting for the American people to weigh in at the ballot 13 box in November, and possibly alter the balance of power in Washington.
不过两党都无法实现自己的意愿，他们都在等待美国人民在十一月的大选投票中做出很可能改变华盛顿力量平衡的决定。
Political analyst 14 John Fortier, who examines possible outcomes, said, “If the president is reelected, he will be reelected with at least part of a Republican Congress, the House and maybe the Senate. We will have divided government, and many of the same fights we are having today over the raising of the debt ceiling and other budget differences will probably be replayed again and again for the next four years.”
政治分析员约翰.福蒂埃说：“如果总统连任，他将和至少有一部分在共和党控制下的国会，或许是众议院，也可能是参议院一同连任。我们将继续有一个分裂的政府，那些我们现在经历的有关债务限额和其他预算争议的斗争还将在未来的四年中反复上演。”
On the other hand, a victory by Republican challenger Mitt 15 Romney could break the gridlock to the benefit of his party’s agenda, assuming Republicans see further gains in Congress.
另一方面，如果共和党挑战者罗姆尼获胜，假设共和党在国会的席位也将增加，那么这个僵局可能会在一定程度上打破，有利于共和党推动他们的议事日程。
- The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。
- Don't slash your horse in that cruel way.不要那样残忍地鞭打你的马。
- The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
- The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
- The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
- We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。
- This was my first tantalizing glimpse of the islands. 这是我第一眼看见的这些岛屿的动人美景。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- We have only vague and tantalizing glimpses of his power. 我们只能隐隐约约地领略他的威力，的确有一种可望不可及的感觉。 来自英汉非文学 - 历史
- The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
- About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。
- That old man lives on the earnings of his daughter.那个老人靠他女儿的收入维持生活。
- Last year there was a 20% decrease in his earnings.去年他的收入减少了20%。
- For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。
- The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。
- The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
- The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- It is difficult to portray feelings in words.感情很难用言语来描写。
- Can you portray the best and worst aspects of this job?您能描述一下这份工作最好与最坏的方面吗？
- The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The economy shows no signs of faltering. 经济没有衰退的迹象。
- I canfeel my legs faltering. 我感到我的腿在颤抖。
- The boxer gave his opponent a punch on the nose.这个拳击手朝他对手的鼻子上猛击一拳。
- He moved lightly on his toes like a boxer.他像拳击手一样踮着脚轻盈移动。
- The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
- The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。