时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   我国大部分地区都不临海,因此我们平时能接触到大量的淡水鱼。但是这些淡水鱼的英语说法在传统的英语课堂上不仅课本涉及得很少,而且老师也讲得比较少,但是我们却经常听别人说起这些淡水鱼类。今天我们就来一起学习常见淡水鱼类的英语说法。


  Freshwater Fishes
  淡水鱼类
  主要参考资料:《汉英词典》第三版,外语教学与研究出版社
  1:55
  freshwater fishes
  来自蟹老板英语课
  01. carp 鲤鱼。鲤鱼是很常见的鱼类。中文有一则成语是“鲤鱼跳龙门”。在中国古代传说中,鲤鱼跳过龙门,就会变化成龙,比喻中举、升官等飞黄腾达之事。因此,“鲤鱼跳龙门”可翻译为gain both fame and fortune,fame与fortune同以f开头,押头韵,是一种修辞,读起来朗朗上口,是“名利”的意思。
  02. crucian carp 鲫鱼
  03. grass carp 草鱼
  04. black carp 青鱼
  05. silver carp 鲢鱼
  06. bighead carp 鳙鱼
  以上鱼类的英文名都与carp(鲤鱼)有关,是因为他们都属于鲤科。此外,草鱼、青鱼、鲢鱼与鳙鱼被称为中国“四大家鱼”。
  07. perch 1(淡水)鲈鱼。宋代诗人范仲淹的五言绝句《江上渔者》就提到了鲈鱼:“江上往来人,但爱鲈鱼美。”
  【例】The perch is a freshwater fish. 鲈鱼是一种淡水鱼。
  (来源:Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary 5th Edition)
  08. catfish 2 鲶鱼。直译是“猫鱼”,因为鲶鱼长得有像猫一样的胡子。
  09. dace 鲮鱼。有一道菜叫“豆豉鲮鱼油麦菜”,应该大多数人吃过吧。
  10. trout 3 鳟鱼。在鳟鱼中,虹鳟鱼是比较有名的一种,它的英文名叫rainbow trout,因身体上有一条类似于彩虹的彩带而得名。北京郊区就有专门养殖虹鳟鱼的基地。
  11. blunt-snout bream 武昌鱼。毛主席的词《水调歌头·游泳》中就提到了武昌鱼:“才饮长沙水,又食武昌鱼。”武昌鱼身体扁平,成菱形,口鼻部短且不尖,blunt-snout bream直译为“口鼻短秃的鲤科淡水鱼”。
  12. mandarin 4 fish 鳜鱼;桂鱼
  13. rice field eel 5 鳝鱼;黄鳝。直译是“稻田里的鳗鱼”,这是因为鳝鱼一般生活在稻田间的泥土里,其次鳝鱼的形状类似于鳗鱼,它们都有着细长的身体,与蛇类似。
  14. loach 泥鳅。泥鳅与鳝鱼都属于鱼类,虽然它们形状与体积同一般的鱼类悬殊。
  15. goldfish 金鱼。金鱼是一种观赏鱼,通常属鲤科。金鱼的英文名goldfish(一个单词)经常被不少英语学习者写成golden fish或gold fish(两个单词),这是不正确的。golden fish是“金色的鱼”,正如golden sun是“金色的太阳”;而gold fish是“黄金做的鱼”,gold在这里表示材质,正如gold bracelet是“金手镯”。

1 perch
n.栖木,高位,杆;v.栖息,就位,位于
  • The bird took its perch.鸟停歇在栖木上。
  • Little birds perch themselves on the branches.小鸟儿栖歇在树枝上。
2 catfish
n.鲶鱼
  • Huge catfish are skinned and dressed by hand.用手剥去巨鲇的皮并剖洗干净。
  • We gigged for catfish off the pier.我们在码头以鱼叉叉鲶鱼。
3 trout
n.鳟鱼;鲑鱼(属)
  • Thousands of young salmon and trout have been killed by the pollution.成千上万的鲑鱼和鳟鱼的鱼苗因污染而死亡。
  • We hooked a trout and had it for breakfast.我们钓了一条鳟鱼,早饭时吃了。
4 Mandarin
n.中国官话,国语,满清官吏;adj.华丽辞藻的
  • Just over one billion people speak Mandarin as their native tongue.大约有十亿以上的人口以华语为母语。
  • Mandarin will be the new official language of the European Union.普通话会变成欧盟新的官方语言。
5 eel
n.鳗鲡
  • He used an eel spear to catch an eel.他用一只捕鳗叉捕鳗鱼。
  • In Suzhou,there was a restaurant that specialized in eel noodles.苏州有一家饭馆,他们那里的招牌菜是鳗鱼面。
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