VOA常速英语2016--伊朗恐有违人道主义条约

伊朗恐有违人道主义条约

Rights monitors report that an ailing 1 Christian 2 woman held in Iran's Evin prison for three yearshas been denied medical leave. Maryam Zargaran was arrested in 2012 and sentenced becauseof her Christian faith to four years in prison for supposed security-related crimes. She hasbeen on a hunger strike for weeks, protesting the refusal of authorities to grant her medicaltreatment or leave. According to Iran's New Islamic Penal 3 Code, prisoners can apply forconditional release after serving a third of their sentence. Ms. Zargaran is reportedly sufferingfrom heart and hearing problems and other serious ailments 4, and has complained of poortreatment from the prison's clinic. Both Amnesty International and the U.S. State Departmenthave noted 5 and condemned 6 the practice by Iranian authorities of denying proper medical careto prisoners of conscience and other political prisoners. Both have also noted that thepersecution of religious minorities in Iran continues unabated. Iran remains 7 a “Country ofParticular Concern” under the International Religious Freedom Act in the U.S. Christians,Muslims who do not adhere to the government's official interpretation 8 of Islam, Yarsanis,Jews, and, most particularly, Baha'is face discrimination, arbitrary arrest, imprisonment 9 andworse, because of their faith, despite President Hassan Rouhani's promise in 2013 that “Allethnicities, all religions, even religious minorities, must feel justice.” Iran has ratified 10 theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights and is a signatory to the International Covenant 11 on Civiland Political Rights, both of which guarantee freedom of thought, conscience, and religion.Secretary of State John Kerry has said that the basis of this critical freedom is respect: Andrespect, in turn, demands legal equality. It demands that the practitioners 12 of one faithunderstand that they have no right to coerce 13 others into submission 14, conversion 15, orsilence, or to literally 16 take their lives because of their beliefs. The United States, as PresidentBarack Obama has said, remains committed to promoting religious freedom, both at home andacross the globe... and urges every country to recognize religious freedom as both auniversal right and as a key to a stable, prosperous and peaceful future.

据相关人权情况通报称，伊朗伊文监狱一名身体垂危的女基督徒已入狱三年，却从未获准病假。这名妇女名为玛丽亚姆，2012年入狱，因其基督信仰涉嫌与国家安全有关的犯罪而被判4年。玛丽亚姆已进行了长达数周的绝食，抗议当局不准她进行治疗或批准病假。根据伊朗的《新伊斯兰刑法典》，入狱者可申请在服刑三分之一后，可申请假释。据报道，玛丽亚姆患有严重的心脏病、听觉障碍和其他疾病，并曾哭诉监狱的不人性化对待。国际特赦组织及美国国务院已注意到这一点，并谴责伊朗当局拒为已服刑一段时间或其他政治囚徒提供合理的医疗。同时也注意到伊朗当局对囚犯的迫害并未有丝毫缓解。伊朗依然是美国《国际宗教自由法》的大敌。

尽管伊朗总统哈山曾于2013年做出承诺称，“所有种族、所有宗教，甚至所有宗教少数群体，都必须感受到公平正义”，但事实是，基督教徒、穆斯林教徒只要不遵守伊朗对伊斯兰、犹太教、巴哈教等的官方解读的话，就会受到歧视、不明拘捕、监禁，甚至更不堪设想的后果。伊朗已批准《世界人权宣言》，并签署了《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》，这两个文件均是对思想自由、良知自由和宗教自由的保证。伊朗国务卿约翰已表示过，自由的根本是尊重：而尊重又需要法律平等。要求其某种信仰的践行者明白自己无权因他人有不同的信仰，而强迫他人服从自己、转变信仰、保持沉默，或是剥夺他人生命。正如美国总统奥巴马所言，美国始终致力于维护美国及全球的宗教自由。并致力于敦促每个国家将宗教自由视为全球性的权利，视为稳定、繁荣、和平未来的关键。