时间:2018-12-13 作者:英语课 分类:高中英语人教版高三


英语课

[00:04.78]Lesson 49            1 Reading comprehension 1

[00:11.86]Read the text fast to get a general idea.

[00:17.32]Which of the following subjects are mentioned in the text?

[00:22.60]Population/History/Government/Sports/Weather/Radio and TV

[00:32.76]Transport/Food/Parks/Buildings/Hotels

[00:39.52]NEW YORK

[00:42.27]New York is built on a group of islands on theeast coast of the USA

[00:49.24]at a point where several rivers flow into the ocean.

[00:54.49]The first westerner 2 to discover these islands was an Italian explorer 3 in 1524.

[01:02.75]In 1626 the island of Manhattan was bought from local Indians,

[01:10.11]Native Americans,for a handful 4 of goods worth about$24.

[01:18.45]Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.

[01:24.82]After the War of Independence ended,

[01:29.18]New York became the capital of the USA for a short time

[01:34.64](1789-90)before Washington,D.C.

[01:40.88]By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,

[01:49.04]making it the largest city in the USA.

[01:53.71]In 1858 an area of poor housing 5,

[01:59.46]factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central Park was created,

[02:07.40]reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across three avenues 6.

[02:15.94]There is space for summer picnics,open-air concerts,plays and games.

[02:23.20]There is a zoo,an art museum,a boating 7 lake,

[02:28.95]a smaller lake for model boats and,in winter,an ice-skating area.

[02:36.32]In 1892 the age of mass arrivals 8 began,

[02:42.19]during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis Island

[02:48.44]into the USA over a period of 62 years.

[02:54.18]Today Ellis Island is a museum,showing the roots of America's new citizens,

[03:01.45]who came from all the corners of the earth.

[03:05.89]Officials used to have trouble with the foreign names of people passing throrgh Ellis Island,

[03:12.44]and because they were so busy,many people's names got changed in the rush.

[03:18.92]People who wanted to enter the USA

[03:23.08]had to through a number of mental and physical tests,

[03:28.43]and about 2 million people were turned away.

[03:32.98]Thus Ellis Island became known 9 as the"Island of Tears".

[03:38.54]The building of skyscrapers 10 in New York began around the year 1900.

[03:45.02]Because Manhattan Island is made of solid 11 rock,

[03:49.59]it is safe to build very tall buildings.

[03:54.14]A55-storey building went up in 1913,

[03:59.91]and in 1931 the Empire State Building was completed,

[04:05.84]then the tallest building in the world.

[04:10.28]It has 102 storeys 12 and 73 lifts.

[04:15.92]From the top of it,you could see up to a distance of 130 kilometres on a clear day.

[04:23.39]Today it is no longer the tallest building in the USA,or even in New York.

[04:30.84]The World Trade Center,

[04:34.68]an office building for over 1,200 firms employing about 50,000 people,

[04:42.15]is even higher at 411 metres.

[04:47.29]The twin towers are 110 storeys high,

[04:52.47]but high-speed lifts controlled by computer take only a minute to reach the top.

[04:59.91]The towers are further apart at the top than at the base,but this is no mistake.

[05:06.39]This is because the surface of the earth is not flat but round.

[05:12.03]New York never sleeps.

[05:15.69]The underground railway runs 24 hours a day,

[05:20.37]and there are all-night cinenas,bars and restaurants.

[05:25.64]Some people think that the weather is unpleasant,the city ugly and dirty,

[05:31.89]the competition fierce 13 and the streets unsafe.

[05:37.63]It is a city in a hurry,but a very excitiing place to be.

[05:43.38]Lesson 50

[05:50.35]1 Reading comprehension

[05:54.80]Read the text fast to find answers to these questions.

[06:00.07]1 In what ways did the settlers treat the Native Americans unfairly?

[06:07.52]2 What caused a big change in the wildlife on the plains?

[06:14.28]THE BISON 14 ON THE PLAINS OF AMERICA

[06:18.54]The first settlers on the plains of America were Native Americans


[06:24.42]It is thought that they arrived more than 30,000 years ago

[06:29.77]by crossing a land bridge from Asia to America.

[06:34.81]They lived by hunting and by gathering 15 roots,nuts and wild fruits.

[06:41.29]They also hunted and killed wild animals.

[06:45.97]Around the year 1600

[06:49.73]the first horses were brought to the American contiment by the Spanish.

[06:55.58]Soon there were many wild horses across the country.

[07:00.73]The Native Americans caught and trained them

[07:05.09]and were then able to use them to carry their goods

[07:09.53]when they travelled from one campilng ground to another.

[07:13.97]Now that they could ride horses,it became easier to hunt the bison,

[07:19.93]a type of cattle 16 which used to exist in huge numbers on the plains of America.

[07:26.28]The bison grows to a shoulder-height of 1.5 metres and can weigh 1100 kilograms 17.

[07:35.55]It was an important part of Native Americans'existence.

[07:40.70]Bison were killed for their meat,

[07:44.46]while their fur provided 18 warm clothing during cold winters.

[07:50.05]The skins were used for making tents and water containers.

[07:55.38]Bones were carved into needles and tools,

[08:00.10]and the teeth were used to make necklaces.

[08:04.18]From 1830 onwards 19 in the USA and from about 1870 in Canada,

[08:11.94]settlers began to move westwards 20 and to take possession 21 of the plains as their own.

[08:18.89]Large groups of Native Americans were forced to move away from their old hunting grounds.

[08:24.22]When they objected,they were killed.

[08:28.37]Fierce wars between Native Americans and European settlers broke out.

[08:34.25]Settlers made agreements with Native American chiefs

[08:39.21]but always broke them afterwards.

[08:43.05]In this way Native Americans were forced

[08:47.91]onto poor land that the settlers did not want.

[08:52.98]The settlers built railways across the plains and began to hunt even more bison.

[08:59.74]While early settlers had killed bison for food,

[09:04.10]now the killing 22 became more widespread 23.

[09:08.18]They killed the bison,cut off the skins and left the bodies behind to rot 24.

[09:15.02]The bison skins were sent by rail to cities to be sold.

[09:20.90]It was also thought that by removing their main supply of food,

[09:25.86]the Native Americans would be forced to give in.

[09:30.54]Between 1850 and 1910 the bison population is thought to have fallen

[09:38.19]from 60 million to just a few hundred.

[09:43.76]The killing of the bison changed the whole wildlife of the plains.

[09:49.32]With fewer bison,grass shoots were not eaten so grass did not grow as strongly.

[09:56.17]Bison waste no longer fell on the ground to improve the soil,

[10:01.44]which as a result became less good for growing plants.

[10:06.80]The ground supported fewer plants,

[10:10.95]and the insects which lived on these plants died out.

[10:16.10]There was less food for birds and also for the prairie 25 dog,

[10:21.87]a kind of animal which lives in holes in the ground.

[10:26.91]This in turn had an effect on the food supply for wolves.

[10:33.16]Thus one simple fact,a change in the number of bison,

[10:39.79]had an effect on the whole wildlife chain of the plains



1 comprehension
n.理解,理解力;领悟
  • The teacher set the class a comprehension test.老师对全班同学进行了一次理解力测验。
  • The problem is above my comprehension.这个问题超出我的理解力。
2 westerner
n.西部的人;西方人
  • The young man looks like a westerner.那年轻人看起来像西方人。
  • Her aim is to marry a westerner and live abroad.她的目标是嫁给西方人,住到国外。
3 explorer
n.探险家,探测者
  • His father is an Arctic explorer.他父亲是一位北极探险者。
  • The explorer organized an expedition to the North Pole.那位考察者组织了一个去北极的探险队。
4 handful
n.一把;少量,少数,一小撮
  • We invited 30 people, but only a handful came.我们邀请了30人,但是只到了几个人。
  • He pulled out a handful of coins from his pocket.他从口袋里掏出一把硬币。
5 housing
n.房屋,住宅;住房建筑;外壳,外罩
  • Do you think our housing sales will turn around during this year?你认为今年我们的住宅销路会好转吗?
  • The housing sales have been turning down since the summer.入夏以来,房屋的销售量日趋减少。
6 avenues
n.林阴道( avenue的名词复数 );大街;途径;手段
  • The avenues of the city were crowded with people. 城里大街上挤满了人群。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Avenues radiate from the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. 在巴黎,街道以凯旋门为中心向四方伸展。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 boating
n.划船
  • They were fond of boating.他们喜欢划船。
  • The lovely river itself was ideal for fishing and boating.这条美丽的河流本身就宜于钓鱼和划船。
8 arrivals
n.到达( arrival的名词复数 );抵达;到达者;(新技术、新思想的)引进
  • Arrivals continue to be abundant. 到货仍然源源不断。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • There were two new arrivals, fidgeting around, waiting to ask questions. 有两个新来的人坐立不安地等着提问。 来自辞典例句
9 known
adj.大家知道的;知名的,已知的
  • He is a known artist.他是一个知名的艺术家。
  • He is known both as a painter and as a statesman.他是知名的画家及政治家。
10 skyscrapers
n.摩天大楼
  • A lot of skyscrapers in Manhattan are rising up to the skies. 曼哈顿有许多摩天大楼耸入云霄。
  • On all sides, skyscrapers rose like jagged teeth. 四周耸起的摩天大楼参差不齐。
11 solid
adj.固体的,结实的,可靠的,实心的;n.固体,实心;adv. 一致地
  • Water may change from a liquid to a solid.水可以由液体变为固体。
  • I know that James is a solid type of person.我知道詹姆斯是个可信赖的人。
12 storeys
n.楼层( storey的名词复数 )
  • The apartment house where John lives is five stories high and he lives in one of the upper storeys. 约翰住的公寓是五层楼,他住在楼上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Four storeys of parking beneath the theatre was not enough. 剧院下面的四层停车场不够用。 来自辞典例句
13 fierce
adj.凶猛的,残忍的;狂热的,强烈的
  • The soldiers got ready for a fierce battle.战士们准备进行一场恶战。
  • What he said met with fierce opposition.他的话语遭到激烈反对。
14 bison
n.野牛
  • American bison are very large.美洲野牛非常巨大。
  • Herds of bison live in the park.公园内住有成群的野牛。
15 gathering
n.集会,聚会,聚集
  • He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
  • He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。
16 cattle
n.牛,牲口,畜生
  • He has twenty head of cattle on the farm.他在农场养了20头牛。
  • On big farms cattle are usually stamped with brands.在大农场,牲畜通常是打烙印的。
17 kilograms
n.千克( kilogram的名词复数 )
  • 2 kilograms of rice 2公斤大米
  • Every tonne of coal contains,on average,30 kilograms of nitrogen. 每吨煤平均含30公斤氮。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 provided
conj.假如,若是;adj.预备好的,由...供给的
  • Provided it's fine we will have a pleasant holiday.如果天气良好,我们的假日将过得非常愉快。
  • I will come provided that it's not raining tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我就来。
19 onwards
adv.前进;在前;在先;迈进
  • From now onwards my teacher will be stricter.从此我的老师会更加严格。
  • The crowd began to move onwards.人群开始向前移动。
20 westwards
adv.西方;西部地
  • We travelled westwards for several days.我们向西行了数日。
  • They were sailing westwards.他们向西航行。
21 possession
n.拥有,具有,占有,控制;所有物,所有权,财产;着魔,着迷
  • According to facts in my possession he can't possibly be guilty.根据我所掌握的事实,他是不可能有罪的。
  • The land is in the possession of the merchant.这块地为该商人所有。
22 killing
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财
  • Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
  • Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。
23 widespread
adj.广布的,普及的,流传宽广的
  • Plastic is in widespread use.塑料已被广泛地使用。
  • English is a widespread language.英语是一种很普及的语言。
24 rot
n.腐烂,腐蚀,败坏;vi.腐烂,烂,堕落,憔悴;vt.使腐烂,使腐朽,使堕落
  • Dead plants rot and become part of the soil again.枯死的植物腐烂,又成为土壤的一部分。
  • Much rain will make the fruit rot.这么多雨会使水果腐烂。
25 prairie
n.大草原,牧场
  • A single spark can start a prairie fire.星星之火,可以燎原。
  • The vast prairie stretches west to the horizon.茫茫大草原向西伸展,直至天边。
学英语单词
absorption sensors
airportage
al burghuliyah
aquae plumbi
axillary hair grafting
bandwagoner
billet pusher
Bookabie
brushoffs
bucket wheel trencher
carbon dioxide leakage
carcinosectomy
cerol colors
CFU-Blast
chat bot
chihsia age
Chloranthus henryi
Ciidae
cladoselachids
Clematis napoensis
colluvies
convergence indicator
corpora pampiniforme
cost of structures of water project
Daily Chart
decide
derecha
diameter breast height
differential class
digicorin
divert in
dripplekie
earthquake periodicity
Esaki
feed proportioning system
felicitated
field lateral
Fritillaria pluriflora
Galois
general patton
gerle
go at it
grid measuring system
haloalkaliphilic
helical Bourdon-tube
hepatomegalies
insect vector of rice virus
JSIT
Kilómetro 96
kingdom prokaryotaes
lawnmarkets
Los Alamos County
loved ones
low altitude alert system
low-energy path
Lowville
metalexicographical
millimeter wave amplifiers
multiple-word processing
N-methyl-N-nitro-p-toluenesulfonamide (MNSA)
narvas
Ningbo
non-permissive
not see beyond sth
not well maintained
overaccelerating
paleolongitudinal
parapronoe elongata
pedobaptisms
performance-boosting
platinum-blond
PMIC
pockmarked
polden
prepayment of freight charge
prodigence
prosenneahedral
psychomotor seizure
quartz-lens method
rationalizing denominator
redundancy payment
reefer cargo list
reset bias circuit
resource data file
saxter aithe
schne
Sloanea leptocarpa
stick something on
stoicer
straight line body
table-rapping
taking-up equipment
Terrasson-la-Villedieu
the secession
think light of
tog sb up
torsion prime
vaccum xanthate mixer
velvetier
xvth
your telex
youssuf