高中英语人教版高三年级上11

[00:30.69]lesson 41

[00:58.83]William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

[01:10.30]The English poet and playwright 1 William Shakespeare

[01:16.77]is often described as the gratest writer in the English language.

[01:25.03]he first came to notice in 1592 as a playwright in London.

[01:33.96]In 1599 he became a part owner of the Globe Theatre in London

[01:42.79]and finally retired 2 to his birthplace,Stratford-on-Avon,in 1613.

[01:52.67]As a playwright he wrote tragedies,comedies and his torieal plays,

[02:02.80]and a poet he wrote narrative 3 poems and sonnets 4.

[02:12.23]His famous polays include Hamlet,King Lear,Othello,Romeo and Juliet.

[02:22.58]The merchant of Venice

[02:32.03]This plan is thought to have been written by Shakespeare in 1596.

[02:40.78]It is about a merchant,Antonio,

[02:46.43]Who borrows money from a Jew called Shylock to help Bassanio marry Portia

[02:56.88]According to their agreement,

[03:01.13]if Antonio fails to pay the money back,

[03:06.78]Shylock can claim a pound of Antonio's flesh.

[03:13.83]When Antonio is unable to pay the money back,

[03:21.27]Shylock demands that Antonio keeps to the agreement.

[03:28.54]However,he is defeated in a court case by Portia,disguised as a lawyer,

[03:38.80]who makes a powerful speech,wins the case and saves Antonio's life.

[04:11.04]1.What kind of a person was Antonio?

[04:18.01]A merchant,much liked by everybody and always ready to help others.

[04:27.57]2.Where were Antonio's ships?

[04:34.70]At sea.

[04:39.35]3.Who was Antonio's best friend and what did he want to do?

[04:48.50]Bassanio,who wanted to marry Portia.

[04:56.07]4.What was the problem?

[05:02.32]Bassanio had no money and Portia was rich.

[05:11.17]5.Who lent Antonio the money? Shylock,the money lender.

[05:21.72]6.Who lent Bassanio the money? Antonio.

[05:32.38]7.What was the agreement between antonio and Shylock?

[05:41.34]If Antonio did not pay the money back at the end of three months,

[05:49.99]Shylock could take a pound of flesh from any part of Antonio's body.

[05:58.66]8.What news did Antonio receive? All his ships were lost at sea.

[06:11.10]9.What did Portia decide to do?

[06:18.57]She dressed up as a lawyer,dressed her maid Nerissa as a lawyer's clerk,

[06:28.70]and both went to the court of the Duke.

[06:43.85]1.What does the Duke ask Shylock to do?To have mercy on Antonio.

[06:55.69]2.What is Shylock's reply?He demands his pound of flesh.

[07:08.36]3.What does Bassanio offer?

[07:15.23]He offers Shylock six thousand ducats for the three thousand that Antonio borrowed

[07:26.46]4.What is Shylock's reply?

[07:32.62]He still demands his pound of Flesh.

[07:38.87]5.What letter does Nerissa,Portia's maid bring?

[07:47.72]A letter from a famous lawyer.

[07:53.78]6.What does the letter say?

[07:59.95]The lawyer can not come but is sending a learned 5 doctor of law in his place

[08:21.50]1.Why do you think it was not possible

[08:29.05]for Bassanio to marry Portia without money?

[08:34.61]Probably it was not the custom of that period for men to merry rich women

[08:44.49]if they were poor themselves.

[08:49.24]2.What is your opinion of the Duke's character? He is merciful.

[08:59.51]3.What is your opinion of Shylock?He is cruel.

[09:09.46]4.Why do you think Shylock prefers to take his pound of Flesh

[09:18.92]instead of accepting the money from Bassanio?

[09:25.26]Shylock hated Antonio because Antonio had many times scolded him publicly

[09:36.63]for being greedy and cruel.

[09:42.09]5.What are the two meanings of "I will pay him back with all my heart"?

[09:52.07]Literally,with the heart which he shall cut out of my body;

[10:00.32]Metaphorically,whole heartedly,willingly.

[10:11.79]6.When Portia says "Your wife would mot be pleased.",who is she thinking of

[10:22.37]Herself.She is Bassanio's wife,

[10:29.52]but she is wearing the clothes of a lawyer,

[10:35.17]and Bassanio does not realize who she is.

[10:41.83]Language points:

[10:51.68]1.Antonio had many times scolded Shylock publicly for being greedy and cruel

[11:29.32]He could not speak for sorrow

[11:39.59]Forgive me for keeping you waiting.

[11:47.34]Many thanks to you for what you have told me.

[12:07.61]scold sb for

[12:28.46]Dad scolded me for coming home late.

[12:38.73]Mother scolded me this morning for being rude to you.

[12:53.98]2.However,Shylock agreed to lend Antonio the money on one condition.

[13:02.94]In the agreement,Antonio made a promise to allow Shylock

[13:10.60]to take a pound of his flesh from whatever part of his body

[13:17.67]if he did not pay the money back at the end of three months.

[13:47.04]on one condition\on condition

[14:12.11]He was allowed to go swimming on condition that he kept near the other boys

[14:32.18]I'll come on condition that John is invited,too.

[14:49.03]make a promise

[14:59.89]keep one's promise

[15:07.75]break one's promise

[15:15.51]She said the man had kept his promise.

[15:26.67]I am sorry that I broke my promise.

[15:36.41]He's always making promises and then breaking them.

[15:54.57]I never promised to attend the meeting.

[16:05.80]I want you to promise me one thing.

[16:13.45]Lions are flesh-eating animals.

[16:42.50]I like meat while my sister likes fish.

[17:00.34]3.Then she thought of a clever plan  to save Antonio.

[17:13.09]think of

[17:20.35]Don't worry,I will think of a way out of the difficulty.

[17:32.73]Who thought of such a wonderful idea?

[17:41.69]4.She pretended to be a lawyer,

[17:48.15]and her maid,Nerissa,dressed herself as a lawyer's clerk.

[18:03.01]pretend + to do/that

[18:13.17]They pretended to be working very hard.

[18:18.32]Let's pretend we are cowboys.

[18:27.57]5.Have mercy on Antonio.

[18:37.41]have mercy on/upon sb.

[18:49.87]They had no mercy on their prisoners.

[18:59.30]We were given no mercy.

[19:31.36]6.If you offered me six times what you have just offered,

[19:40.92]I would still take my pound of flesh.

[20:11.95]If I am wrong,you are wrong too.

[20:25.19]If she is poor,at least she's honest.

[20:49.44]A is three (four.etc.) times the size (height,length,width.etc.) of B.

[21:06.29]The new building is four times the size of the old one.

[21:19.24]This street is three times the length lf that one.

[21:31.31]A is three (four,etc,) times as big (high,long,wide,etc.) as B.

[21:40.85]A is three (four,etc.) times larger (highter,longer,wider,etc.) than B.

[22:04.80]This room is twice the size of that one.

[22:15.25]This room is twice as large as that one.

[22:27.79]7.Shylock,how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?

[22:38.13]how can you hope that others will show mercy to you

[22:46.57]if you show no mercy to others?

[23:01.90]I'll come when I'm needed.

[23:09.77]8. ...but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head.

[23:40.33]so/too/how+adj.+a/an + n.

[24:09.38]Did you notice that you had made so serious a mistake?

[24:19.12]It's too difficult a book for beginners.

[24:31.97]How wonderful a plan it would be!

[24:49.82]9. ... Portia... takes her seat as judge.

[24:59.17]take one's seat = sit down in one's place

[25:07.53]She bought a magazine and took her seat in the train.

[25:28.19]He then asked me to be seated.

[25:35.56]How many guests can be seated at each table?

[25:43.29]lesson 43

[25:56.17]What happened to Shylock?

[26:01.13]He has to give half of money to the city of Venice.

[26:08.39]he has to promise to leave the other half of his money

[26:14.35]upon his death to his daughter and her husband.

[26:28.90]1.What mustn't Shylock take?Any blood.

[26:37.96]2.What does Shylock decide to take instead of the pound of Flesh

[26:46.82]Three times the money that he is owed.

[26:53.35]3.Why can't he take the money instead?

[26:59.88]Because he only wanted right to be done.

[27:06.44]Language points

[27:13.80]1.You wanted justice,so you shall get justice,more than you wanted.

[28:01.27]You shall have a nice present for your birthday.

[28:11.74]You shall be sorry for what you have done,I tell you.

[28:26.58]When he comes in,nobody shall say a word.

[28:37.94]Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.

[28:49.20]2.All he wanted was right to be done.

[28:57.25]all he wanted was the law to be carried out correctly

[29:07.72]3.His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke.

[29:14.38]Therefore,go down on your knees and beg the Duke for mercy.

[29:31.73]at the mercy of

[29:40.17]We were at the mercy of the enemy.

[29:49.20]They were lost at sea,at the mercy of the winds and the waves.

[30:03.15]go down on one's knees

[30:13.71]He went down on one knee before her.

[30:23.09]beg for mercy.

[30:36.25]He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.

[30:46.10]The prisoner begged the judge for mercy.

[30:55.16]4.My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself.

[31:18.44]He lost everything that was dear to him.

[31:26.48]Fame and power are very dear to him.

[31:41.95]5.They are my only comfort.

[31:48.19]My money and my goods are the only things which I love in the whole world