时间:2018-12-12 作者:英语课 分类:英语笔译


英语课

   例1、 寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚。


  林译:So dim, so dark,/ So dense 1, so dull,/ So damp, so dank,/ So dead!
  杨译:Seeking, seeking,/ Chilly 2 and quiet,/ Desolate 3, painful and miserable 4.
  徐译:I’ve a sense of something missing I must seek./ Everything about me looks dismal 5 and bleak 6. / Nothing that gives me pleasure, I can find.
  许译:I look for what I miss;/ I know not what it is./ I feel so sad, so drear,/ So lonely, without cheer.
  解析:1)林译全部选用单音节词,押头韵,且词语的选用层层递进,可谓独具匠心。“dim”和“dark”表明天色已晚, “dense”和“dull”展现了浓重不化,寻觅不得的忧愁和失落,继而“damp”和“dank”渲染阴冷凄苦的氛围,最后“dead”推向高潮,体现了词人绝望无助,凄凉痛苦的内心。译文言语简练,内涵丰富。
  2)杨译用七个形容词对应七对叠字,生动形象地展现了词人情感的变化,由表及里,层层深入。
  3)徐译,相较而言,不免显得不够简短。译者另辟蹊径,将词诗歌化,但由于句子偏长,翻译得过于明白,失去了原词的意境。
  4)许译增加了主语,点明了寻觅之物是“what I miss”,似乎过于直白,少了原词的委婉朦胧之感。译者韵脚的选择十分用心,“miss”与汉语“觅”音似,“cheer”与“戚”相似。
  例2、 乍暖还寒时候,最难将息。
  林译:The weather, now warm, now cold,/ Makes it harder/ Than ever to forget!
  杨译:Even when it’s warmer there is still a chill, / It is most difficult to keep well.
  徐译:Even the weather has proved most unkind. / It is warm, but abruptly 7 it turns cold again. / An unbroken rest-most difficult to obtain.
  许译:How hard is it / To keep me fit / In this lingering cold!
  解析:这两句说明天气突然转暖,却仍然寒意未消。变化无常的天气,也影响着人们的心情。而词人此时生活颠沛流离,心中愁思满满,更兼无常的天气,更难休息和修养。
  1)林译将“最难将息”译成“最难忘记”,与原词的意思出入较大。
  2)杨译较为完整地呈现了原词的意境和意思。
  3)徐译译文明白易懂,但不够含蓄委婉。
  4)许译调整了原词的语序,“lingering cold”点明了“还寒”,但未说明“乍暖”,丢失了原文信息。
  例3、 三杯两盏淡酒,怎敌他、晚来风急?
  林译:How can a few cups of thin wine/ Bring warmth against/ The chilly winds of sunset?
  杨译:Three or two cups of light wine, / How can they ward 8 off the strong morning wind?
  徐译:Three cups of thin wine would utterly 9 fail- / To cope with the rising evening gale 10.
  许译:By cup on cup/ Of wine so dry/ Oh, how could I/ Endure at dusk the drift/ Of wind so swift?
  解析:1)三杯两盏只是一个笼统的概念,翻译方式多样,四位译者的翻译都可以。
  2)原文的“敌”字,选词巧妙,生动传神,而四位译者对“敌”的处理,完全不同。相比较而言徐译的“cope with”和许译的“endure”力度不够,不及其他两位译者选用的“ward off”和“against”。
  3)有三位译者保留原文的反问句式。反问、设问、感叹等句式语气都较为强烈,一般的翻译做法是与原文句式保持一致。且在译文风格上,许译相较于他者,风格较为不同,尤为突出的是“Oh, how could I”,使译文更具英诗风格。
  例4、 雁过也,正伤心、却是旧时相识。
  林译:I recognize the geese flying overhead:/ My old friends, / Bring not the old memories back!
  杨译:Wild geese fly past, while I’m broken-hearted; / But I recognize they are my old friends.
  徐译:Myself, into woe 11, a flight of wild geese has thrown./ But with them, very familiar I have grown.
  许译:It breaks my heart, alas,/ To see the wild geese pass, / Foe 12 they are my acquaintances of old.
  解析:1)自古鸿雁传书,雁是古时人们互通书信的重要工具。亲人分离,山河破碎,正伤痛,又看到雁飞过,恐怕传递的又是坏消息,更何况还是旧相识。旧愁新苦涌上心头,更添悲痛。
  2)这一句,虽短短十二个字,情感却是不断变化的。纵观四中译文,大部分不能传递出文字深层次含义,雁、伤心、旧相识之间的关系表达地不够紧密。唯有林译独辟蹊径,对原文进行了较大改动,特别是最后一句“bring not the old memories back!”道出了旧相识却反增其悲的原因。

1 dense
a.密集的,稠密的,浓密的;密度大的
  • The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
  • The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。
2 chilly
adj.凉快的,寒冷的
  • I feel chilly without a coat.我由于没有穿大衣而感到凉飕飕的。
  • I grew chilly when the fire went out.炉火熄灭后,寒气逼人。
3 desolate
adj.荒凉的,荒芜的;孤独的,凄凉的;v.使荒芜,使孤寂
  • The city was burned into a desolate waste.那座城市被烧成一片废墟。
  • We all felt absolutely desolate when she left.她走后,我们都觉得万分孤寂。
4 miserable
adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的
  • It was miserable of you to make fun of him.你取笑他,这是可耻的。
  • Her past life was miserable.她过去的生活很苦。
5 dismal
adj.阴沉的,凄凉的,令人忧郁的,差劲的
  • That is a rather dismal melody.那是一支相当忧郁的歌曲。
  • My prospects of returning to a suitable job are dismal.我重新找到一个合适的工作岗位的希望很渺茫。
6 bleak
adj.(天气)阴冷的;凄凉的;暗淡的
  • They showed me into a bleak waiting room.他们引我来到一间阴冷的会客室。
  • The company's prospects look pretty bleak.这家公司的前景异常暗淡。
7 abruptly
adv.突然地,出其不意地
  • He gestured abruptly for Virginia to get in the car.他粗鲁地示意弗吉尼亚上车。
  • I was abruptly notified that a half-hour speech was expected of me.我突然被通知要讲半个小时的话。
8 ward
n.守卫,监护,病房,行政区,由监护人或法院保护的人(尤指儿童);vt.守护,躲开
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时,我要点根火把,抵挡蚊虫。
9 utterly
adv.完全地,绝对地
  • Utterly devoted to the people,he gave his life in saving his patients.他忠于人民,把毕生精力用于挽救患者的生命。
  • I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.她的微笑使我完全陶醉了。
10 gale
n.大风,强风,一阵闹声(尤指笑声等)
  • We got our roof blown off in the gale last night.昨夜的大风把我们的房顶给掀掉了。
  • According to the weather forecast,there will be a gale tomorrow.据气象台预报,明天有大风。
11 woe
n.悲哀,苦痛,不幸,困难;int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌
  • Our two peoples are brothers sharing weal and woe.我们两国人民是患难与共的兄弟。
  • A man is well or woe as he thinks himself so.自认祸是祸,自认福是福。
12 foe
n.敌人,仇敌
  • He knew that Karl could be an implacable foe.他明白卡尔可能会成为他的死敌。
  • A friend is a friend;a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.敌是敌,友是友,必须分清界限。
标签: 李清照
学英语单词
5-methyl-resorcinol
Adcon-L
allele specific oligonucleotide
Ambalavao
Anergan
autonomic growth movement
bank of coils
brown flour
buys up
calcasieu
callean
campaign fund
carbacidome-ter
Castelfidardo
cattle-trespasses
caulking rammer
combustion-leach process
computation structure
concentric-cylinder rheometer
condensation point
contagion intermediary
continuous path control
counter-pull
deathbell
defect per characteristic chart
derisorily
diariamente
disturbance reaction
Donath's butter
DPY
el khandaq (al khandaq)
electrode adjusting gear
electroreceptive
Engler second
first-degree homicide
fixed phase shifter
game land
GS pump
h. (hour)
Hanmer R.
hard as a bone
harp-guitars
have many claims on
high lift devices
Hun
identification badge
internal ester
Iowan
jet stem
Johnson-Mehl equation
jonk
Jovian thermal plasma
karuramen (japan)
knocker-ups
last menstrual period
length of travel
local sunrise
magnitude response
modifier complex
multifariousness
multiple-stem system
naphthalene oil
Naziritism
neurological disorders
norminal tractive capacity
oil and gas privilege tax
palmifolia
pot water
priapistic
proper face of a simplex
quadrant scale
radiohumeral index
rasterizers
recall finder
recognition lights
red shortness
retort house
rishe
rochett
rule by the voice of one man alone
sea trials
senior executive
slab lasers
slag blanket
SOC
spend itself
squad cars
squillitic
taken issue
test of details
theoretical cut-off point of bar
torch assembly
train fleet
turre
tympanuchus pallidicinctuss
us bank
very shortly attenuate
weak spiral cyclotron
weather-board
weigh belt
wind box