时间:2019-02-16 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

今天我们要讲两个由paper发展而来的习惯用语。大家知paper是纸。Paper也可以作动词。例如在下面的习惯用语里:paper over。 Paper作动词的时候解释用纸复盖,所以paper over就是用纸遮掩什么了。


这个习惯用语来自糊贴墙纸来掩盖墙上的裂缝、污迹等缺陷,使房间美观。实际上paper over这个习惯用语在一百多年前开始出现的时候曾经是这样的:paper over the cracks,但是随着时日的推移人们省略the cracks成为今天的paper over。


我们听个例子来体会习惯用语paper over表示什么意思。这段话在说大选前两党举行初选选拔参加本党全国代表大会的代表,在初选基础上进一步确定本党的总统候选人:


例句-1:Before a primary the candidates inside the party fight hard against each other. But later they usually paper over their disagreements to help the party in the general election.


他说:初选前,党内候选人竞相角逐、打得不可开交,但是事后他们一般会掩饰分歧,以协助本党取得大选胜利。


每一党的候选人都想得到代表本党竞选总统的机会,所以在初选中会争得你死我活。但是一旦初选尘埃落定,他们便放眼大选,这时党内矛盾就让位给两党间的斗争了,当然就得掩盖调和内部分歧一心对外,所以这里的paper over意思是掩饰分歧、隐藏矛盾。


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Paper over也可以用来表示掩盖某种错误甚至不良行为。比方说下面的例子。一名高级主管听说他的部门内发生一件丑闻,正在谈论该如何处置。


例句-2:This is a scandal we can't paper over. Let's get all the facts, then make them public. Sure, we'll get some bad publicity 1 but this is the only way to handle it.


他说:这件丑闻是纸包不住火了;我们得查明事实然后公布于众。当然这一来有点损坏我们的名声,但这是唯一可行的处置办法。


这里的can't paper over意思是纸包不住火,也就是掩盖不了。


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我们再学个也有paper这个词的习惯用语: paper tiger。 Tiger是老虎,paper tiger当然是“纸老虎。” 中国听众对这个习惯用语一定耳熟能详,因为冷战时代的中国领导人曾经称美国为“纸老虎,”言下之意是美国外强中干。当年社会主义阵营各国也都口径一致,齐声把西方国家统称为“纸老虎”


有趣的是美国人居然不以为怪,采纳了paper tiger这个习惯用语泛指任何貌似强大,实则不堪一击的人、集团或国家。我们来听个例子,这人在说他的上司:


例句-3:My boss is a paper tiger and likes to pound on his desk and yell at us when he's mad, but the truth is he's scared of us. If you stand up to him, he backs down right away and won't bother you.


他说:我的老板是纸老虎,发起火来爱拍着桌子对我们吼叫,但实际上他怕我们,只要你不向他低头,他就马上退缩,再也不找你麻烦了。


这段话说的是日常生活里虚张声势的纸老虎。我们再听个例子,说的是1991年由于伊拉克侵略科威特而爆发的海湾战争,当时美国及盟国出兵帮助科威特恢复自由。


伊拉克领导人曾经夸口他将一举击溃盟军救援科威特的军事行动。


例句-4:When the Allied 2 forces went into action to free Kuwait, the Iraqi forces gave up after only four days and the Iraqi leader turned out to be a paper tiger.


他说:盟军发动救援科威特行动仅仅四天伊拉克军队就投降了,可见伊拉克领导人是纸老虎。

 



n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告
  • The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
  • He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事,只当它是一种宣传手法。
adj.协约国的;同盟国的
  • Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
  • Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。
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deltaeta
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heggies
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inside gauge
International Consultative Committee
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kralik
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lie-down
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spun-bonded non-woven fabric
subfactorials
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