时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要接着讲两个带有jump这个词的习惯用语,我们上次学了jump through hoops 1, 意思是俯首帖耳、唯命是从;还学了jump out of one's skin, 它既可以解释为大吃一惊,也能说是吓得魂不附体。

今天要学的第一个习惯用语是: jump the gun。 大家一定早知道gun是枪。我想很多人都看到过在运动场上赛跑开始的时候,裁判员向空中鸣响信号枪,示意起跑线上的运动员在同一刹那间起步飞奔。这样做是为了让每一名运动员有公平的起点。但是你往往会见到有些急于求成的运动员却在枪还没响前的那一眨眼间抢先起跑了,这就叫 jump the gun。 除非裁判员召回运动员,这个偷跑的运动员岂不是比别人抢先一步了吗?这就是这个习惯用语的出典。 Jump the gun逐渐从运动场扩大应用于日常生活。我们听个例子来领会jump the gun这个习惯用语的引伸意义:

例句-1:I guess Joe jumped the gun when he told everybody Jennie had agreed to marry him. I just heard that she's announced her engagement to some other guy she went to college with.

他说: Joe曾告诉大家说Jennie已经答应嫁给他了。我猜他这句话说得太早,因为我刚听说Jennie宣布和跟她一起上大学的另一个小伙子订婚了。

Joe显然是在时机尚未成熟之前过早作出宣布的,可见这里的jumped the gun是指过早而且仓促地采取某一行动。

******

接着要听的例子把你带回到五十多年前的一次美国总统大选中。在选票还没全部点算完毕之前,一份芝加哥报纸抢先宣布Thomas Dewey当选为总统了。 Dewey的竞争对手是Harry Truman,几乎所有的政治分析专家都认为Dewey必胜无疑,而当这份芝加哥报纸付印的时候 ,Dewey赢得的票数也确实遥遥领先。我们听听形势发展如何出人意料而且富有戏剧性:

例句-2:The paper jumped the gun with a headline shouting 'Dewey defeats Truman.' But the final vote put Truman on top and a famous photo has him showing off the paper with a big grin.

他说:这份报纸抢先一步用醒目的大字标题报道:‘杜威击败杜鲁门。’但是选举的最终结果却是杜鲁门占了上风,有张著名的相片上是杜鲁门满面笑容地在展示那张报纸。

那报纸想抢新闻风头,选举最终结果还没出来就先报了他们意料中的结果,结果出了大错。这家倒霉的报社吃了那当头一棒,不知得多久才能恢复元气呢。这里的习惯用语jumped the gun意思还是在时机尚未成熟前仓促行动。

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今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: jump the tracks。 Tracks是轨道,jump the tracks原来的意思是铁道上的火车发生事故出轨了。火车出轨当然是突发的灾祸,所以习惯用语jump the tracks表示什么意思也不难捉摸。我们听个例子来领会它的意义吧。

例句-3:Our candidate was way ahead in the poll. Then our campaign jumped the tracks - the other side found out our man had taken kickbacks 2 from city contractors 3 when he'd been our mayor.

他说 :我们支持的候选人原来在民意调查中遥遥领先。随后我们的竞选运动突然出了问题 - 对方发现我们的候选人在当我们市长期间收受城市项目承包商的回扣。

这里的jumped the tracks意思就是突然出问题。

******

Jump the tracks这个习惯用语有时也以这种形式出现: jump the rails。 Rail也是铁轨的意思,jump the rails和jump the tracks意思一样。我们再听个用jump the rails这个习惯用语的例子。这是一家小公司的总经理刚度假回来,听到了意想不到的坏消息。这是他的下属在向他汇报:

例句-4:Sorry, boss, I have bad news. Our project to develop the new product has jumped the rails. Jones, our technical director, was offered a higher salary and took a job with our competitor.

他说:抱歉,老板,我有个坏消息。我们发展新产品的项目出了问题,因为我们技术部门的主管Jones接受了我们竞争对手提供的更高薪水跳槽了。

这段话里的jumped the rails意思也是出了问题或者发生了麻烦。



n.箍( hoop的名词复数 );(篮球)篮圈;(旧时儿童玩的)大环子;(两端埋在地里的)小铁弓
  • a barrel bound with iron hoops 用铁箍箍紧的桶
  • Hoops in Paris were wider this season and skirts were shorter. 在巴黎,这个季节的裙圈比较宽大,裙裾却短一些。 来自飘(部分)
n.激烈反应( kickback的名词复数 );佣金,回扣
  • Everyone at City Hall is receiving kickbacks. It's the only way to get anything done there. 市政府里的每个人都收回扣,在那里只有送红包,事情才办得成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • G raft or kickbacks paid to officials or law enforcem ent authorities. 暗中付给官员或执法人员的回扣。 来自互联网
n.(建筑、监造中的)承包人( contractor的名词复数 )
  • We got estimates from three different contractors before accepting the lowest. 我们得到3个承包商的报价后,接受了最低的报价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Contractors winning construction jobs had to kick back 2 per cent of the contract price to the mafia. 赢得建筑工作的承包商得抽出合同价格的百分之二的回扣给黑手党。 来自《简明英汉词典》
学英语单词
Abolition Acts
acid milling red
age coating
amphora crassa grge.
archeophytes
aromatical
attent
backed by
bannerols
be paralyzed
bell 212a
Billroth's disease
Bordj Turki
braking fluid
brette
camp-mediell inequality
careers advisor
cat hair
confirmative sale note
congenital disorder
connectional
conocephalus divergentus
cross lots
dates back to
destruction of documents
Dickey, James
digitex
Dome Creek
dynatron characteristics
enbibing
Estopen
ethylanthracene
Euro note
fasting hypoglycemia
ferrous ammonium citrate
fianc'ee
fibre stress
fixed knife planer
floating power station
Gallina, Cayo
gas measuring apparatus
gastronomiques
genotype frequency
ground electronic system
gullahs
hexagon ring spanner
horizontal format
hydrogen sulfide spring
incident field
inhour unit
Kaolinitum
Kimper
labiolingual
lafortune
latexion
log on
low power communication device
Maengsan-gun
Marlborough Downs
mediterranean-style
mercury distant reading thermometer
metal filament reinforcement
metaorogeny
mocassin
Nasswald
nuclear medicine data process system
oceanography engineering
odey
off-hollywood
order close-out
organismic dispersal
parachute brake
passerines
pembo
pixdetector
polaccas
propinqua
puneno
pylorospasm
retractable spear
rist-baulk
riverfield
rotary disc extractor
rough endoplasmic reticulum
solar turboelectric drive
specific capsular substance
stamp one's foot
step in attenuation
surrender an insurance policy
temperature class
terrestrial waters
took the bait
topological upper limit
trichonocardiasis axillaris
universal library
vindictivenesses
Walkertown
Water finds its level.
William Ralph Inge
work list by work center
x-ray deep therapy
Ziemann's stippling