时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:英语笔译


英语课

   1、倒装句


  英语倒装句,无论是完全倒装,还是部分倒装,都与汉语的语序有差异,翻译时应尊重汉语习惯,将句子理顺。
  例:Down came the hammer and out flew the sparks 1.
  铁锤一落,火星四溅。(原句为完全倒装。)
  2、 强调句
  翻译好强调句的关键在于掌握好强调句型(It is…that/who/which/…)。应注意该句型与主语从句意义上的差异。例:
  1)It is an unusual person who can live free from financial stress or who can spend money on others as he spends on himself.
  只有不同寻常的人才能远离经济重压,才能把钱花在别人身上就像花在自己身上一样。(该句强调an unusual person,在译文中用"只有"两字体现出来。)试比较主语从句:We had a lot of fun at the beach.It was really a fly in the ointment 2 that George cut his foot on a piece of glass.我们在海滩上玩得很开心,美中不足的是乔治的脚被一块玻璃割破了。(句中的It为形式主语,代替that引导的主语从句。a fly in the ointment油膏里有一只苍蝇,喻美中不足。)3、被动语态
  英语被动语态使用比较多,尤其是科技论文中特别突出,这与汉语形成鲜明的对照。在汉语表达中,主动语态比被运语态用得更普遍些。因此,在进行英译汉时,最好能尊重汉语习惯,将英文被动句转换在汉语主动句。翻译时应注意运用以下技巧:
  1)英语的主语转换成汉语的宾语
  有些被动语态只能用汉语的主动句来翻译时,可以将英语被动句的主语变为汉语主动句的宾语,以便突出谈论的事物,不需要表明的行为主体可以省略。
  例:The present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness.
  绝不可用那些已经无用的习俗来束缚现在的手脚。
  2)用"被"等词提示行为的主体
  译文必须表示出被动时,可以用"被"、"为……所"、"受到"、"叫"、"让"、"靠"、"遭到"、"挨"、"将"、"是(由)……的"等词来表示,这样更能引人注目。
  例:The earth's surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete.
  曼哈顿地区的地层表面是由坚硬的混凝土构成的。
  4、定语从句的译法
  一般说来,限定性定语从句常采用合译法,非限定性定语从句常采用分译法。但是,在翻译实践中,这两种定语从句经常需要灵活处理。具体的方法有:
  1)使定语前置
  A .在定语从句很短时,翻译时可将从句直接放在被修饰名词之前。
  例:Scientists believe that there must be hundreds of heavenly bodies in the universe where human beings or something like human beings may exist.
  科学家们相信,人类或类似人的生物能够生存的天体,在宇宙中可能有几百个。
  B .定语从句和被修饰的名词关系很密切时,翻译时应将定语从句放在修饰词之前。这种情况常见的固定搭配有:those who,such…as 等。
  例:Those of us who have the ability to do this job will be sent to carry out the task.
  我们当中那些有能力做此事的人将被派去执行这个任务。
  2)使从句后置并列
  A .有些限定性或非限定性的定语从句分译成两句更符合汉语习惯,采取分译法使长句断开变成并列句,必要时还应重复关系代词所指代的含义。
  例:Mr Health said,"We are now again regarded by other states as a country whose judgment 3 can be trusted and whose promises can be relied on."希思先生说,"我们的国家做出的判断是可以相信的,我们的国家做出的诺言是可以信赖的-现在,世界各国又这样看待我们了。"

电工,无线电通讯员; 火花( spark的名词复数 ); (指品质或感情)一星; 丝毫; 电火花
  • The amplifier exploded in a fountain of sparks. 放大器爆炸,喷射出火星。
  • A shower of sparks flew up the chimney. 烟囱里飞出无数火星。
n.药膏,油膏,软膏
  • Your foot will feel better after the application of this ointment.敷用这药膏后,你的脚会感到舒服些。
  • This herbal ointment will help to close up your wound quickly.这种中草药膏会帮助你的伤口很快愈合。
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
标签: 笔译
学英语单词
8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate
a quantity of
abt system railway
abunidazole
arguluss
audio tapes
audio video speech recognition
augmentation system
aurora tubes
Balseiro
bichromat
bilge tank
blue dun
called bond
Camachigama, L.
Carlylean
caved in
chimeric protein
clear anchorage
climb very steep slopes
cluster number
common control switching system
controlled speed axle generator
cowardy custard
crabbers
current number
demodulating
drill and practice
dropping that
Duranol dyes
electromagnetic coupling asynchronous motor
Epaphus
essential gene
eulerian derivative
existential operator
expressivenesses
fermentation-like
foot mark
frieze
gaurs
Georgite
goggle-eye
granite fruit bowl
Grunbaum-Widal test
heavy-duty detergent
height of row
hemntodiarrhoea
Hughligan
impermeabilized
instrument face plate
interpretive translation program
kangaroo paws
kashin
Kocaali
light weight case
longest-running
lyolysis
mark reader
materiel maintenance
micromastia
military fever
mongrelizer
myriawatt
naturphilosophies
ngugi
ordered Abelian group
Ostrobothnia
out-of-service time
pallet feed
phthaleins
plumed thistles
probability of escape per absorption
resyndicating
reuuber matrix
rotex-screen
Saint-Maurice
schiefelbein
scumoff
self religion
spalder
spatial pattern
Strip-sowing
support vector
surveying altimeter
Tamazula
tell on
terminated
tin-roofed
total oxides of nitrogen
trans-contextual
transmission line corridor
travel(l)ing trader
triazine
two-dimensional optical radar
underman
uniform vorticity
Villacidro
well-behaved
West Stonesdale
will-call
wire annealing
Xinyi District