时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:英语笔译


英语课

 一、否定句型中的直译误区


英语中有一些一些句型不能完全采用直译法进行翻译,否则,就会造成误译,甚至与原意背道而驰,下列几种否定句型值得注意:
1. 部分否定句型,这种句型不同于汉语思维形式。
I do not know all of them.
误:对他们我都不认识。
正:对他们我不是个个都认识。
All the answers are not right.
误:所有答案都不对。
正:答案并非全对。
Everybody wouldn''t like it.
误:每个人都不会喜欢它。
正:并不是每上人都会喜欢它。
2. 单一否定中部分句型
It is a long lane that had no turning.
误:那是一条没有弯的长巷。
正:无论多长巷也有弯地方(路必有弯,事必有变)。
It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
误:聪明人从不犯错误。
正:无论多么聪明的人也难免犯错误。
We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.
误:我们不能过高地估计现代科学的价值。
正:对现代科学的价值无论怎样重视也不为过。
It was not until years afterwards that he heard of Semmelweis.
误:没过几年他就听到了Semmelweis消息。
正:直到数年之后,他才听到Semmelweis 消息。
二、修辞句型中的误区
同汉语一样,英语写作中大量运用修辞手段,其中有不少辞格类似于汉语辞格表达方式,因此可以直译。但有一些英语辞格很难用直译方式表达清楚,即便是同一辞格,由于处于不同场合,有的能直译,有的则不能直译。下列几种情况有时不宜直译:
1. 比喻:有比喻可以直译,有则不能,这往往取决于汉语表达习惯。例如:
At the door to the restaurant, a stunning 1, porcelain-faced woman in traditional costume asked me to remove my shoes.
如果把a stunning ,porcelain-faced woman 译作"一位迷人陶瓷般脸蛋妇女"就显得粗俗滑稽,但是不是作者本意。这时意译就比较好。"在通往餐厅门口有一位妇女,涂脂抹粉、细皮嫩肉、身着和服、十分迷人,她叫我脱下鞋子。"
The girl is a dead shot. 这位姑娘是神枪手。(不能译作"死射手")
After the failure of his last novel, his reputation stands on slippery grounds. 他上部小说失败之后,声誉一落千丈。(不能译为"站在滑动场地上了。")
2. 有些借喻不能直译
He went west by stage coach and succumbed 2 to the epidemic 3 of gold and silver fever in Nevada''s Washoe Region.
误:他乘公共马车到了西部,患了瓦肖地区金银发烧流行病。
正:他乘公共马车到了西部,卷入了淘金热和淘银热。
The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers 4 is the very symbol of the incessant 5 struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. 式样古老小巧日本房屋像小船一般,漂游在灰棕色钢筋混凝土摩天大楼之间,这引人注目的景象象征着旧传统和新发展之间不断斗争。
3. 引典。如果是尽人皆知典故。可以直译,不必加说明,如果多数人不知道,最好是意译,或者直译加注释。
He met his Waterloo.
句中meet one's Waterloo是成语典故,由拿破仑在Waterloo遇到惨败而来,所以要意译。"他吃了大败仗"。
I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.
句中bowing down in the House of Rimmon 是成语典故,表示"表面上与宗教信仰一致,但心里却有不同政治主张",这是口是心非。Rimmon是大马士革人所崇拜的神。House of Rimmon借指英国下院。如果将这个典故直译,表达不出原意。"我问道,作为头号反共人物(邱吉尔),他这样做是否言行不一

adj.极好的;使人晕倒的
  • His plays are distinguished only by their stunning mediocrity.他的戏剧与众不同之处就是平凡得出奇。
  • The finished effect was absolutely stunning.完工后的效果非常美。
不再抵抗(诱惑、疾病、攻击等)( succumb的过去式和过去分词 ); 屈从; 被压垮; 死
  • The town succumbed after a short siege. 该城被围困不久即告失守。
  • After an artillery bombardment lasting several days the town finally succumbed. 在持续炮轰数日后,该城终于屈服了。
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
n.摩天大楼
  • A lot of skyscrapers in Manhattan are rising up to the skies. 曼哈顿有许多摩天大楼耸入云霄。
  • On all sides, skyscrapers rose like jagged teeth. 四周耸起的摩天大楼参差不齐。
adj.不停的,连续的
  • We have had incessant snowfall since yesterday afternoon.从昨天下午开始就持续不断地下雪。
  • She is tired of his incessant demands for affection.她厌倦了他对感情的不断索取。
标签: 句型
学英语单词
abeer
ABEP
access programme
as early as possible
assembleth
back-extension
Bassaoua
Bischoffen
black-and-white map
cakings
camera control room
cash in trust account
chaffs
charitable life insurance trust
class-warfare
closed eaves
coal metamorphism
compressor washing
condensates
constant pressure line
contragradient transformations
cronjobs
Dahuk
diaphragm type wind pressure gauge
digonal hybrid
disymmetry
double-a
Dronkgras
edge absorption
effective input capacitance
elastic resistance
electromechanical interlock
ethmoid plate
euler-romberg method
even out the distribution of industry
extended-cab
family Bacillaceae
Fargesia glabrifolia
Felipe Carrillo Puerto
fenipentol
Five Fingers Pen.
flower-making
frequency shifters
garofaloes
Gorislav
hashtag activism
Hazebrouck
hexamethylenetetramine salicylate
high power ceramic capacitor
hiphuggers
HPGC
inflict one's company upon sb.
insect-eatings
intransition
job lot method
Kelvin ampere balance
latinate grammar
lead/lag circuit
lesser ocellar bristles
ligamenta ulnocarpeum palmare
linkage gear
loss compensator
low expansion relay
mass-sensitive quantity
model of growth
modified polyphenyleneoxide
nadp-me
newly-published
nitro-silk
normal travel time curve
norphysostigmine
obdurateness
outbattled
oxygen saturation curve
paper-tape transcriber
perispermatitis
plate cut-off
polygon rendering
polygoni multiflori praeparata
Pont Houphouët-Boigny
radionavigational lattice
red green blue
Sahatwār
scarpering
side aisle
single channel pulse
slide calliper rule
solid rainfall
speed pick-up
spiritless
Spironema gallinarum
stratco alkylation
strongtopology
subalternation
surgical masks
take one's weight off one's feet
tauroselcholic acid
Teucrium omeiense
the opera house
trabeculae corporis cavernosi urethrae
tunica adventitia (ureteris)
wire-cutter