时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:英语笔译


英语课

 一、否定句型中的直译误区


英语中有一些一些句型不能完全采用直译法进行翻译,否则,就会造成误译,甚至与原意背道而驰,下列几种否定句型值得注意:
1. 部分否定句型,这种句型不同于汉语思维形式。
I do not know all of them.
误:对他们我都不认识。
正:对他们我不是个个都认识。
All the answers are not right.
误:所有答案都不对。
正:答案并非全对。
Everybody wouldn''t like it.
误:每个人都不会喜欢它。
正:并不是每上人都会喜欢它。
2. 单一否定中部分句型
It is a long lane that had no turning.
误:那是一条没有弯的长巷。
正:无论多长巷也有弯地方(路必有弯,事必有变)。
It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.
误:聪明人从不犯错误。
正:无论多么聪明的人也难免犯错误。
We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.
误:我们不能过高地估计现代科学的价值。
正:对现代科学的价值无论怎样重视也不为过。
It was not until years afterwards that he heard of Semmelweis.
误:没过几年他就听到了Semmelweis消息。
正:直到数年之后,他才听到Semmelweis 消息。
二、修辞句型中的误区
同汉语一样,英语写作中大量运用修辞手段,其中有不少辞格类似于汉语辞格表达方式,因此可以直译。但有一些英语辞格很难用直译方式表达清楚,即便是同一辞格,由于处于不同场合,有的能直译,有的则不能直译。下列几种情况有时不宜直译:
1. 比喻:有比喻可以直译,有则不能,这往往取决于汉语表达习惯。例如:
At the door to the restaurant, a stunning 1, porcelain-faced woman in traditional costume asked me to remove my shoes.
如果把a stunning ,porcelain-faced woman 译作"一位迷人陶瓷般脸蛋妇女"就显得粗俗滑稽,但是不是作者本意。这时意译就比较好。"在通往餐厅门口有一位妇女,涂脂抹粉、细皮嫩肉、身着和服、十分迷人,她叫我脱下鞋子。"
The girl is a dead shot. 这位姑娘是神枪手。(不能译作"死射手")
After the failure of his last novel, his reputation stands on slippery grounds. 他上部小说失败之后,声誉一落千丈。(不能译为"站在滑动场地上了。")
2. 有些借喻不能直译
He went west by stage coach and succumbed 2 to the epidemic 3 of gold and silver fever in Nevada''s Washoe Region.
误:他乘公共马车到了西部,患了瓦肖地区金银发烧流行病。
正:他乘公共马车到了西部,卷入了淘金热和淘银热。
The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers 4 is the very symbol of the incessant 5 struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. 式样古老小巧日本房屋像小船一般,漂游在灰棕色钢筋混凝土摩天大楼之间,这引人注目的景象象征着旧传统和新发展之间不断斗争。
3. 引典。如果是尽人皆知典故。可以直译,不必加说明,如果多数人不知道,最好是意译,或者直译加注释。
He met his Waterloo.
句中meet one's Waterloo是成语典故,由拿破仑在Waterloo遇到惨败而来,所以要意译。"他吃了大败仗"。
I asked whether for him, the arch anti-communist ,this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon.
句中bowing down in the House of Rimmon 是成语典故,表示"表面上与宗教信仰一致,但心里却有不同政治主张",这是口是心非。Rimmon是大马士革人所崇拜的神。House of Rimmon借指英国下院。如果将这个典故直译,表达不出原意。"我问道,作为头号反共人物(邱吉尔),他这样做是否言行不一

adj.极好的;使人晕倒的
  • His plays are distinguished only by their stunning mediocrity.他的戏剧与众不同之处就是平凡得出奇。
  • The finished effect was absolutely stunning.完工后的效果非常美。
不再抵抗(诱惑、疾病、攻击等)( succumb的过去式和过去分词 ); 屈从; 被压垮; 死
  • The town succumbed after a short siege. 该城被围困不久即告失守。
  • After an artillery bombardment lasting several days the town finally succumbed. 在持续炮轰数日后,该城终于屈服了。
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
n.摩天大楼
  • A lot of skyscrapers in Manhattan are rising up to the skies. 曼哈顿有许多摩天大楼耸入云霄。
  • On all sides, skyscrapers rose like jagged teeth. 四周耸起的摩天大楼参差不齐。
adj.不停的,连续的
  • We have had incessant snowfall since yesterday afternoon.从昨天下午开始就持续不断地下雪。
  • She is tired of his incessant demands for affection.她厌倦了他对感情的不断索取。
标签: 句型
学英语单词
activation energy for diffusion
akagi
alsbachite
aneurysm of splenic artery
As far as...be concerned
at panic stations over
atomic average mass
betrixaban
beyondmissing
binary coder
bogle
boxshall
Braer
cash payments journal
chingtechen
circadian function
colour fading
crocodilian reptile
dark reaction time
data base definition
Davao G.
decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle
dilleniid dicot genus
doublebarreled
Eagar
El Lobo
erroneosity
escarole
Farrūjah
gets lucky
Hessian fly
HF amplifier
houlton
in a fair way of
incorruption
inertial navigation system
inferior obliquus
iodizating agent
kalibala
Koptelovo
Kuban
lead content
manned orbital space station
match-fixing
Mdandu
meldola blue
microcolonies
mishent
mortar factor
mulloways
Nanocnide pilosa
on the hustings
outswum
over and under
overdates
oxidizable salt
p-chloro-o-nitroaniline
parieto-occipital sulcus
Passion flowers
perfuses
phase tranformation point
phosphate buffer solution
Phyllurus
PIG discharge
Pneumococcus mucosus
poletyk
pontic
posterior labral muscle
prevailing condition
price discriminate
Pureora Forest Park
quartana
radiesse
ray acoustics
round per minute
sabulicole
schmaltz
sell oneself to the devil
Shannon's law
shortchanging
sort results
spatial filtering
spot the differences
standard tool
standelwelks
subject classification
sulfur oxydifluoride
Taghairm
tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethyl-hexanoate
thyroidectomizing
time hopping
triple-purposes
type iii service provider
unamerced
unboy
uncompliant
upper multiplexing
user memory
vrouws
weirdscape
wide place in the road
Yogacara