时间:2019-02-05 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要讲的习惯用语都有这样一个关键词汇: gum。 Gum虽然是个只包括三个字母的简短的词,但是它的意思可不少。比方说,gum可以指嘴里嚼的口香糖,或者是象口香糖那样粘胶似的物质。这时gum是名词,然而gum也可能是动词。比方说在今天要学的第一个习惯用语里:gum up the works。 Works在这个习惯用语里指某种机械装置。想象一下要是把粘胶之类的东西灌进马达里去,会出现什么样的情况呢?齿轮皮带之类机件会粘在一块儿,运转肯定会受到影响,甚至干脆就停滞不动了。其实gum up the works这个习惯用语出典就在这儿。当然作习惯用语的时候gum up the works往往和机器无关,而是在说人和事了。

  我们听个例子来领会它的意思吧。这是个公司主管在跟合伙人商量有关同事Joe的事儿。我们听听他有什么打算,特别注意其中的习惯用语gum up the works:

  例句-1:I think we better leave Joe out of our first meeting with this new customer. Joe means well, but I'm afraid he'll say something stupid and really gum up the works for us.

  他说:我想我们和这位新顾客举行第一次会议的时候Joe最好不要在场。 Joe用意不坏,只是我怕他会说出些不恰当的蠢话把我们的事情搞僵了。

  这段话里的习惯用语gum up the works显然用来比喻把事情弄糟,或者阻碍事情的顺利进展。

  ******

  有时,gum up the works也可以简化成gum up,意思不变。在我们要听的第二个例子里就用了习惯用语gum up。说话的人去Chicago洽谈业务,但是由于助手Ryan粗心大意,让他白跑了一趟。我们听听究竟是怎么回事。

  例句-2:When I got to the meeting in Chicago and opened my proposal, I found out Ryan had put the wrong proposal inside. He certainly gummed up our chances to win a nice fat contract.

  他说:我到芝加哥参加业务会议时,打开我的建议书才发现Ryan张冠李戴放错了建议书。他可真是糟蹋了我们赢得这份大大有利可图的合约的机会。

  这里的习惯用语gum up意思也是糟蹋、破坏。听来等老板回来,粗枝大叶的Ryan日子一定不会好过。

  ******

  今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: beat one's gums。在beat one's gums这个习惯用语里,gum这个词有完全不同的含义。它指的是人的牙龈。 Beat one's gums,是从五十多年前第二次世界大战期间开始流传的俚语。意思是唠唠叨叨、没完没了地抱怨。这往往出于习惯,或者只是没话找话说。比方说,在我们要听的第一个例子里beat one's gums,就是这个意思。我们听听有这种想法的一位军官在说什么:

  例句-3:If I didn't hear my men beating their gums about how bad the chow was, or how hard they worked , I worried. When they were too quiet, I was afraid they were losing their fighting spirit.

  他说:要是我听不到我的部下没完没了地抱怨伙食有多差劲,或者他们干活有多辛苦,那我就得担心了。当他们过于沉默的时候,我害怕他们的斗志消沉了。

  这里的beat their gums,意思是唠叨、没完没了地抱怨。

  ******

  唠叨抱怨也许是人所难免的行为,但是要是作得太过火,就会成了问题,令人生厌。在下面例子里,名叫Oscar的家伙就是这样一个人。说话的人是在给一位新同事一点忠告。

  例句-4:Look, you don't want to get a desk anywhere close to that guy Oscar. He'll drive you crazy - he loves to beat his gums anytime he has anybody close enough to be an audience for him.

  他说:喂,你可千万别要个靠近Oscar那家伙的办公桌,他会把你烦死了。任何时侯只要附近有任何人能听他说话,他就会罗嗦个没完没了。

  这里的beat his gums意思还是罗嗦。



学英语单词
accommodation highway
aloids
audit of small business
barleycorn
bellani atmometer
biodosimetry
bioscanner
bottom up/upwards
branchiomeric muscle
buccopharyngeal fascia
bunker B fuel
cache cramming
careage
cement cooler
cestodic
co-editors
cognitive-neoassociationistic model
comb gauge
combined broaching
contactor servomechanism
correlometer
darcys
dead-front transformer
decor fossil
dimension driven
dough kneading
drill tang
echotomography
edafalogy
equity dilution
Erivan
father figures
final nighttime pumping program
finite-element-analysis
fixed price incentive contract
Flogistin
flush-joint casing
friar preacher
games average
gum arabics
hemiphonia
hepaticopancreatic duct
high-temperature ablative material
hypochloridemia
incriminous
inner element
intercloud lightning
internal double-run feed
intersecting storage rings
Jianli (CV11)
Kahler's law
lay every iron in the fire
leipziger
limited-access highway
mabrouk
Madais-kecil, Pulau
malcolm stocks
maschler
Melanesoid
mine-field
molly-cosset
mooring pendant
myelomas
N-facilities
noireceptor
oa system
olivaceo-
orbital diamagnetism
Orcanon
oversynchronous speed
phonological
placentiferous
ployphagia
protundal zone
pyrametric cone
scon (signalig configuration )
Scotch marigold
sea rights
self-regarding
sense-making
subdolous
sunshine agenda
Syngacillin
syphilitic secondary par-kinsonism
t-value
tassa
tattlers
three-timer
trestle bend wharf
triethylaminoethanol
Tzanck test
ubiquitousness
username
vertical triangle
vincenzo bellinis
visual balance of elements on a map
waie
water-tight garment
weaving section
workman's compensation insurance
workpiece programme
world-music