时间:2019-02-05 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课
表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。
                     
基数词: 表示数目的词是基数词,最基本的数词如下:

1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten, 11 eleven, 12 twelve, 13 thirteen, 14 fourteen, 15 fifteen, 16 sixteen, 17 seventeen, 18 eighteen, 19 nineteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty, 60 sixty, 70 seventy, 80 eighty, 90 ninety, 100 a hundred,  1,000 a thousand,  1,000,000 a million 1,  1,000,000,000 a billion 2.
                     
  基数词 1-12 是独立单词,需逐个记忆。基数词13 - 19是个位数词的词干后加-teen 构成。其中 thirteen, fifteen, eighteen, 变化不规则。基数词 20 ━90 是在十位数词后面加 -ty 构成。基数词 21 ━ 99 是在十位数词后面加上个位数词合成,中间加上连字符 " ━ " 。 例如:
                     
  21 twenty ━ one 95 ninety ━ five
                     
  基数词三位以上的数词, 在百位和十位之间,一般要用连词"and "。 例如:
                     
  132 one hundred and thirty ━ two.
                     
  1340 one thousand three hundred and forty
                     
  表示"万"的词英语中没有.如1万可用10千来表示。 ten thousand. 30万可用 three hundred thousand 来表示。
                     

基数词的用法:从句子成分上分析,基数词在句中可用作主语,宾语, 表语等。
                     
  Four of them went to the factory.
                     
  他们四个人去了工厂。 (主语)
                     
  I want two. 我要两个。 (宾语)
                     
  There are thirty classroom in our school.
                     
  我们学校有三十个教室。
                     
  My classmate is eighteen.
                     
  我的同学十八岁。
                     
  He is only three, and he can't dress himself 3.
                     
  他只有三岁,不会穿衣服。
                     

  从事物内容上分析,基数词用在下列情况。

                     
  1) 编号的事物用基数词:
                     
  Today we are going 4 to study Lesson Five.
                     
  今天我们要学习第五课。
                     
  Please open your books at page ten.
                     
  请打开书,翻到十页。
                     
  We live in Room 101.
                     
  我们住在101房间。
                     
  They study in No.28 Middle School.
                     
  他们在二十八中学校学习。
                     
  2) 表示"年,月,日" 时用基数词。
                     
  The accident 6 took 7 place in 1982.
                     
  这次事故发生在一九八二年。
                     
  I was 8 born 9 in Oct.11,1956.
                     
  我出生在一九五六年,十月,十一日。
                     
  You could 10 see many flowers in june.
                     
  六月份你可以看到好多花。
                     
  3) 表示 "几点钟, 几点过几分" 用基数词。
                     
  It's three o'clock.
                     
  现在是三点钟。
                     
  It is two to two.
                     
  现在是两点差两分。
                     
  We arrived in Beijing at five to seven.
                     
  我们七点差五分到达北京。
                     
  4) 用于加减乘除的数字用基数词。
                     
  One plus 11 two is three.
                     
  一加二等于五。
                     
  Eight minus 12 four is four.
                     
  八减四等于四。
                     
  Two times two is four.
                     
  二乘二等于四。
                     
  Ten divided 13 by two is five.
                     
  十除以二等于五。
                     
  5) 表示大几倍或者小几倍用基数词。
                     
  This river is two times longer than that one.
                     
  这条河比那条河长两倍。
                     
  This box is five times less 5 than that one.
                     
  这个盒子比那个盒子小五倍。
                     
  Five times six is thirty.
                     
  五乘以六得三十。
                     
  6) 表示百分数用基数词.
                     
  Thirty percent 14 of them is water.
                     
  它们当中有30%的水。
                     
  Eighty percent of what he said 15 is true 16.
                     
  他的话有80%是真实的。
                     
  7) 表示分数时,分子数字用基数词, 但分母要用序数词, 如分子不是1,序数词要用复数形式。
                     
  One-fifth 17 of the books are mine.
                     
  三分之一的书是我的。
                     
  Three-tenths of water is disappeared 19.
                     
  十分之三的水不见了。
                     
  8) 表示有小数的词用基数词。
                     
  5.5 five point five
                     
  12.135 twelve point one three five
                     

序数词:表示数目顺序的词用序数词。例如:

                     
  first 第一, fifth, 第五
                     
  1━99的基本的序数词 。
                     
  序 数 词 含 义
                     
  first 第一
                     
  second 第二
                     
  third 第三
                     
  fourth 20 第四
                     
  fifth 第五
                     
  sixth 21 第六
                     
  seventh 22 第七
                     
  eighth 23 第八
                     
  ninth 24 第九
                     
  tenth 18 第十
                     
  eleventh 25 第十一
                     
  twelfth 26 第十二
                     
  thirteenth 27 第十三
                     
  nineteenth 28 第十九
                     
  twentieth 29 第二十
                     
  fortieth 第四十
                     
  fifty-first 第五十一
                     
  eight-third 第八十三
                     
  ninety-fourth 第九十四
                     
  1) 序数词1━19 除第一,第二,第三,第五,第八,第九, 第十二变化不规则外, 其余均由在基数词后加上 -th。
                     
  2) 十位整数的序数词的构成方法是, 是将十位整数基数词的词尾 -y 变成 i 再加 -eth。
                     
  3) 几十几的序数词,只是把个位数变成序数词, 十位数不变。 序数词的用法: 序数词主要用作定语,表语。前面要加定冠词 the。
                     
  The first question I'd ask is how you knew him?
                     
  我的第一个问题是你怎样认识他的?
                     
  The fifth lesson is very easy to learn.
                     
  第五课很好学。
                     
  You are the first one I believe 30.
                     
  你是我最相信的人。
                     
  The fist 31 round of voting 32 hasn't finished 33.
                     
  第一轮投票还没有结束。
                     
年,月,日,时刻的表示方法:
                     
  1) 表示"年代": 用阿拉伯数字, 前面加介词 in。 读的时候用基数词读。
                     
  He was born in 1971.
                     
  他出生在1971年。
                     
  In 1975, an explosion 34 took place here.
                     
  1975这儿发生过一次爆炸事件。
                     
  2) 表示在"某月": 月份开头第一字母要大写, 前面加介词 in。 例如: in May 在五月。
                     
  January 一月 July 七月
                     
  February 二月 August 八月
                     
  March 三月 September 九月
                     
  April 四月 October 十月
                     
  May 五月 November 十一月
                     
  June 六月 December 十二月
                     
  4) 在"某年某月某日": 前面用介词 on。
                     
  I had 35 a happy birthday party on March 5,1995。
                     
  1995年三月五日,我举办了一次愉快的生日聚会。
                     
  It was on May first,1997 that I joined the football club 36.
                     
  1997年五月一日,我加入了足球俱乐部。
                     
  5) 表示"在某整点钟": 用基数词,前面加介词 at ,后面加 o'clock。
                     
  Our meeting 37 will begin at five o'clock.
                     
  我们的会议在五点钟开始。
                     
  My kid 38 will be back at twelve o'clock.
                     
  我的孩子十二点钟就回来了。
                     
  6) 表示几点几分,不超过半小时,用介词 "past"。
                     
  It's two past seven.
                     
  现在是七点过两分。
                     
  Everybody 39 should be here at twenty past six.
                     
  大家应该六点二十到这儿。
                     
  7) 表示几点几分,超过半小时,用介词" to"。
                     
  It's three to eight.
                     
  现在是七点五十七。
                     
  The witness 40 said the accident took place
                     
  at ten to six yesterday morning.
                     
  目击者说事故发生在昨天早上五点五十。

num.百万,100万;n.无数,大众
  • I've seen it a million times.我在书上看过无数遍了。
  • What will you do if you had a million dollars?如果你有一百万美元,你会干什么?
num.十亿;数以十亿计;大量;一万亿
  • A billion is a large number.十亿是个大数目。
  • They've spent nearly a billion dollars on it already.他们已经在那上面花了近10亿美元。
pron.他自己
  • He is proud of himself.他为自己感到自豪。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的
  • We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
  • He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
adj.更少的,更小的;adv.更少地,更小地;n.少量,次要;prep.减
  • I read much less now than I did at school.我现在看书远比我上学时少。
  • You can't buy the dress with less than 50 yuan.买这件衣服没有50元钱下不来。
n.事故,意外的事
  • He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
  • An accident was happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。
vt.带,载(take的过去式)
  • I took my dog for a walk along the river.我带着狗沿那条河散步。
  • It took me about two hours to cook the meat.我花了大约两个小时来煮这些肉。
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
v.动词bear的过去分词;adj.出生的,与生俱来的
  • The baby can cry as soon as he is born.婴儿生下来就会哭。
  • I feel as if I had been born again.我有一种再生之感。
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
n.加号,正号;adj.超过的,正的;prep.加上
  • Four plus five is nine.四加五等于九。
  • All the children here are 12 plus.这里所有的孩子都大于十二岁。
n.负号;adj.减的,负的,阴性的;prep.减,缺
  • The temperature was minus 30 degrees.气温为零下30度。
  • He seems to have mistaken a minus for a plus.他似乎把负号误作正号了。
adj.分离的,被分割的,分裂的v.分( divide的过去式和过去分词 );划分;分离;(使)产生分歧
  • The organisms can be divided into discrete categories. 有机体可分为许多互不相联的种类。
  • The government is divided on this issue. 政府在这个问题上意见不统一。
adj./adv.百分之一,(与基数词连用)百分之...;n.百分之...
  • The goal was missed by less than one percent.差不到百分之一就完成目标了。
  • Forty percent of her money is spent on books.她把百分之四十的钱用来买书。
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
a.真实,不假的;忠实,可靠的;正确无误的
  • He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。
  • I will come and see if it is true.我要来了解一下,是否真有其事。
num.第五;n.五分之一
  • It's the fifth door on the right.右边第五个门。
  • I like to sit in about the fifth row.我想坐在第五排左右。
n.第十,十分之一
  • The tenth question is very difficult.第十个问题十分难。
  • He is the tenth in order.按顺序他是第十个。
v.不见,消失( disappear的过去式和过去分词 );不复存在;奭
  • The plane disappeared behind a cloud. 飞机消失在云层里。
  • He double-crossed the rest of the gang and disappeared with all the money. 他骗了其他同伙,携款潜逃了。
n.四分之一;num.第四
  • The fourth lesson is science.第四节是科学课。
  • The Fourth of July is the national holiday of the US.七月四日是美国国庆日。
num.第六
  • He was the sixth to arrive.他是第六个到达的。
  • The sixth boy in line is my brother.排第六的男孩是我的弟弟。
n.七分之一;num./adj.第七
  • July is the seventh month of the year.7月是一年中的第七个月。
  • Let's start from the seventh stop. 让我们从第七站开始。
n.八分之一;num.第八
  • It is on the eighth page.它在第八页上。
  • August is the eighth month of the year.八月是一年中的第八个月。
adj.第九,九分之一
  • He is coming back on the ninth of May.他五月九号回来。
  • September is the ninth month of the year. 九月是一年中的第九个月。
num.第十一
  • We were working on the eleventh floor.我们在11层办公。
  • I am planning to leave on eleventh.我计划十一号离开。
num.第十二;n.十二分之一
  • It's November the twelfth.今天是十一月十二日。
  • December is the twelfth month of the year.12月是一年中的第12个月。
num.第十三
  • Let's study the thirteenth lesson.让我们学习第十三课。
  • This is the thirteenth book I bought last year.这是我去年买的第十三本书。
num.第十九
  • The story goes back to the middle of the nineteenth century.故事追溯到19世纪中叶。
  • It happened in the nineteenth century.这事发生在十九世纪。
n.二十分之一;num./adj.第二十
  • Tomorrow is her twentieth birthday.明天是她二十岁生日。
  • He is the twentieth on the list.在名单上他是第二十个。
v.相信;认为
  • Believe it or not,that's the way it is.信不信由你,反正事情就是这样。
  • I believe what you say.我相信你的话。
n.拳头,手,抓住,抓牢;vt.拳打,握成拳,紧握
  • He struck me with his fist.他用拳头打我。
  • He suddenly shot out his fist.他突然打出一拳。
n.选举,投票
  • The voting was 15 in favour, 3 against and 2 abstentions. 表决结果是15人赞成,3人反对,2人弃权。
  • They were accused of intimidating people into voting for them. 他们被控胁迫选民投他们的票。
adj.完成的,精湛的;v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
n.爆发,发出,爆炸
  • The police arrived right at the moment of the explosion.警察就在爆炸的那个时候赶到了。
  • The shock of the explosion was felt far away.爆炸引起的震动很远都可感觉到。
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
n社团;俱乐部,夜总会,社;棍棒,(高尔夫球等的)球棒, (扑克牌)梅花;vt.棍打,把...当棍棒用;协作,联合
  • He joined the football club.他加入了足球俱乐部。
  • He is managing a club for teenagers.他在经营一家青少年俱乐部。
n.会议;集会
  • Will you be at the meeting?你会来开会吗?
  • We would like to hold the meeting at an early date.我们希望早日举行这次会议。
n.小孩;v.开玩笑,哄骗,嘲弄
  • The kid was playing with his ball.孩子在玩皮球。
  • Look at that cute kid.瞧瞧这可爱的小家伙。
pron.每人,人人(=everyone)
  • Christmas is a holiday for everybody.圣诞节是所有人的节日。
  • It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.很难找到一个对每人都合适的时间。
n.证人,目击者,证据,证明,证词;vt.目击,作证,证明,表明,经历;vi.作证人
  • She was a witness of the incident.她是事件的目击者。
  • A witness was examined by him in a court of law.他在法庭上质问一个证人。
学英语单词
a horse of another color
agricultural surplus
ako
all-girl
Almirante Brown Canyon
Annobón, I.de
apricot jam
Aprigliano
Ashton Irwin
AZS automatic zero set
back away from
Bar Hebraeus
benzoglycolisacid
bezoglioxaline
brass alloys
capillary refill
capital cover
centralized school
chance events
clinical symptoms
compact nebula
composite functor
current-balance relay
damnably
dry unit
eiusdem generis
electrostatic oscillograph
elix
endoliths
Eulamellibranchia
eupelmus tachardiae
exchange-correlation
extraction eluting resin
family typhlopidaes
flyspecks
free-agents
ghotbzadehs
GMSS
gonostomatid
grouped column
hemiketal
hydro-vac power brake
instinct with
internal external rotary pump
intra-industry
jahorina
job subsidies
junk collector
kronrod bit matrices
Lagrange Peak
laminar model
light loadline
live guy
live-work
logical calculus
master-of-ceremonies
neoglycoconjugates
non-ionic surface-active detergent
noncoherent combing loss
off-site backup
oil immersed self cooled transformer
oligotoma greeniana
paratextualities
pfl-activase
phosphoglucosamine mutase
pinnatella ambigua
pitches
pledged asset
post-nuptial molt
propellant handling
protein maintenance requirement
pulse repetition frequency jitter
purpura scorbutica
quercus ilexes
radionuclide kinetics
re-jigger
regenerative oscillation
regiones dorsalis manus
restructurer
shaded pole type
shrouds
signalised
slow-spiral drill
solution Thiersch's
spatial charging
successio ab intestato
Sungaigerong
switch tender
tally charge
terminal sinus
thermal stabilizer
trig function
tsering
turbidity transmitter
uniformly absolutely continuous
upper oil-header
vena gastrica-dextra
Venetian School
warrantying
waveform changes
win a lawsuit
Xiao Hong