时间:2019-02-03 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

这个节目已经持续了很长时间了,在不断学习习惯用法的同时我们偶而也不妨停下来思索一下这个问题:为什么习惯用语时常让外国学生感到困惑难解呢?原因之一是习惯用语的含义跟它所包括的各个单词的意思往往是风马牛不相干的。


我们今天就特意要谈这样两个典型例子。第一个习惯用语是: lock, stock and barrel。 Stock在这儿解释枪托,而barrel则是枪管。这儿的lock意思是枪的扳机。这个习惯用语起源于两百年前。当时枪支是由枪管、枪托和扳机三部分组成的。换句话说,lock, stock and barrel就是整个一支枪了。那么这个习惯用语意思究竟是什么呢?我们听个例子来琢磨吧:


例句-1:In the old days the bell Telephone Company became the biggest in the world by buying up a lot of local phone companies, lock, stock and barrel and merging 1 them into one giant corporation.


他说:Bell电话公司当初收购了许多地方电话公司,把这些小公司统统合并成一家庞大的企业,Bell公司这才跃居世界首位。


Bell公司一古脑儿地网罗了那些小公司,以成为规模巨大的企业,所以这里的 lock, stock and barrel 显然解释“统统地、一古脑儿地。”


******


Lock, stock and barrel用途比较广泛。我们再来听个例子。这回它用在完全不同的场合,是说一栋房子着火了。


例句-2:The firemen did their best, but the house burned right down to the ground, lock, stock and barrel -- nothing left but ashes.


他说:消防队员尽了一切努力,但是那房子还是彻底化为灰烬了。


这里的lock, stock and barrel仍解释“完全彻底地。”


******


我们要学的第二个习惯用语是: hook, line and sinker。 Sinker这里是指钓鱼的钓丝上铅做的坠子。它使钓丝深深下垂到水里。依此类推,hook一定是挂鱼饵的钩子,而line就是钓丝了。


这个习惯用语的出典是一条愚蠢上钩的鱼饿得吞吃鱼饵时把挂鱼饵的钩子、钓丝和坠子都一并吞进肚里了。这个习惯用语跟刚才学的习惯用语lock, stock and barrel意思相近,都解释“统统地、一古脑儿地,” 但是它们的用途不同。Hook, line and sinker特别用来指象鱼那样愿者上勾的受骗上当的傻瓜,听了骗人的假话全盘接受信以为真。


下面的例子是一个复员回乡的军人Joe在老朋友面前吹嘘自己如何骁勇善战,屡建战功而赢得勋章。我们来听听实际上是怎么回事:


例句-3:When Joe came back we swallowed hook, line and sinker his stories of all the overseas battles he'd been in. Later we found he'd spent the whole time as an army cook at a base here in America.


他说:当初Joe复员回乡时我们听了他在海外作战的故事全都信以为真。后来我们才发现原来Joe一直在美国本土的一个基地当部队炊事员。


既然Joe是在美国的军事基地炊事员,所以他根本没去海外,也没上前线打仗。他说的那些英勇战斗故事全是胡编的,而他的朋友们起初都信以为真,可见这里的hook, line and sinker用来说全盘听信旁人的谎言。


******


Joe胡编那些炫耀自己战功的故事尽管虚假倒也不至于害人。但有时误信谎话就情况严重了。下面就是这样一个例子。说的是二十年代的一宗大诈骗案使成千上万人一生的积蓄付诸东流。当时有个叫Ponzi的人声称只要投资他所谓国际邮汇票证规划,就能在三个月内把原有的钱翻一倍。结果是他把收到的两千万美元投资款项中的一部分来偿还首批投资人,取得广大民众信任,却把大部分款项中饱私囊:


例句-4:When people heard the early investors 2 were getting money back, they believed Ponzi hook, line and sinker. But when Ponzi was exposed as a fraud they learned their money was gone.


他说:人们听说捷足先登的投资人已经赚到钱了,他们就死心塌地地相信Ponzi 。直到Ponzi的骗局被揭穿,他们才发现自己的钱全泡汤了。


这里hook, line and sinker也用来说彻底上当。

 



合并(分类)
  • Many companies continued to grow by merging with or buying competing firms. 许多公司通过合并或收买竞争对手的公司而不断扩大。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
  • To sequence by repeated splitting and merging. 用反复分开和合并的方法进行的排序。
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 )
  • a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
  • a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会
学英语单词
a lightning rod
a pad in the straw
ableadult
abu
airplane maneuvers
aluminothermic process
ard bheinn hill
array distribution
Azuay, Prov.del
be out of the question
breeding value
bronchiolography
browed
burst synchronization
butt strap joint
cabbage white caterpillar
cacajaos
carboprost
cavec
chipped surface
Cleveland bay
cloth cap
Cloud Security Alliance
clubs together
concretionary brown soils
Conocybe
corn southern leaf blight
corporate investment
dew formation
direct configuration
dismove
elliptic(al) arch
epiblastic organs
fever-reducings
fully formed character
genus Griselinia
gland seal ring
helically wound stellerator
hexavalent
high-aperture lens
honey-suckle stem
iminostilbenes
Imperial Tobacco Group, PLC
in addition
inextensional
inference structure
irish bulls
LIDB
luminous effect
Lytta vesicatoria
magnetic strength
management participation
mass-spectrometric data
meinicke test
mephistoes
metallocenes
modulated optical radiation
multi core cable
multiprocess controller
national industry
Ntantia
otitis externa furunculosa
overbar
overpursued
Padong
Papularscrofuloderm
Parcel Bill of Lading
petty bourgeoisie
prairie dogged
printer plotter
pronationalists
Pyrotheria
red-purplest
reserve indicator
rick ross
Rigg, Diana
run for presidency
saddle block anaesthesias
sand-clocks
shipentine
Shore durometer number
Sival
solo run
spiral glide
star cucumber
Stromeyer's cephalhematocele
superstandard
symmetry quantum numbre
tachyglossids
thoracic outlet syndrome
tortoiseshell
under your own steam
unit normal distribution
unstayed
vary from
viatical settlement
vibration damping covering
vulcanizers
Waltheria indica
Wieringermeer Polder
women futurology
zeuxis barsdelli