时间:2019-02-03 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

我们今天要学的习惯用语都围绕一个关键的词: bear。我们要学的第一个习惯用语是: have a bear by the tail。bear是大家熟悉的动物。它粗大笨重而且性情暴烈。在荒山野林碰上大熊你一定会赶快躲得远远的,如果有人斗胆去揪大熊尾巴,那真不亚于拉老虎胡子;简直就是把自己送给大熊去抓咬。那时候真是抓也不是,放也不是。所以 have a bear by the tail生动形像地描绘出一种尴尬棘手、骑虎难下的局面。


我们接下来要给大家听个例子。说话的人在解释他一个朋友怎样好心给姐妹俩劝架,结果反而惹火烧身,给自己招来了麻烦。


例句-1: All Joe tried to do was end the fight between his two sisters, but he ended up having a bear by the tail. The whole family got mad at him and now nobody will even speak to him.


这段话说: Joe只不过想劝说他的两姐妹别再争吵了,但是到头来他自己反倒卷入了纠纷,成了众矢之的。全家人都生他的气,甚至谁都不理睬他。


从这个例子可见have a bear by the tail和中国成语“骑虎难下”意思相仿,解释“不明智地陷入困境”。


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在美洲的荒山野林里,熊可算是最大也最危险的野兽了。一百五十多年前很多初来美国的居民还处在砍伐森林开辟农场的创业阶段,要吃到肉食就得去打飞禽走兽。他们通常用的是双筒猎枪。如果是打兔子或者鸟儿之类的小动物,只要装上一枪膛的小铅丸就行,但是要是他们发现附近的森林里有熊出没的话,要对付得了熊,他们就得在枪膛里装上有份量的子弹。这就是: loaded for bear。这里loaded是子弹上膛的意思,当然loaded for bear就是为对付熊而子弹上膛的意思。换句话说是为了制服大熊而作好充分准备。这种拓荒生活在美国早已成为过去,但是loaded for bear却沿用至今,保留在日常会话中,只是意思不再限于为了对付熊而子弹上膛。


那么是什么意思呢?你可以通过下面的例子来理解这个习惯用语。这是在讲一场大爆冷门拳击赛。


例句2: Nobody thought the challenger 1 had a chance to win. He looked too small and too slow. But he had trained extra hard and came into the ring loaded for bear. And he knocked out the champ in Round Six.


他说:谁都以为这上台挑战的人根本没有得胜的机会。他看来瘦小迟钝简直不堪一击。然而他是经过特别严格的训练的,上台来作好了对付强敌的充分准备。于是他终于在第六回合击败了冠军。


从这个例子可见loaded for bear意思是作好充分准备以对付最棘手的问题。


******


我们再来学一种通用在世界证券交易市场上的说法。bulls 3 and bears。我们都知道bull 2 是“牛”,bear是“熊”但是在国际证券市场上bulls and bears却有特定意义。简单地说,认为行情看涨,并以此为根据而作股票买卖的人,就被称作bull 。也就是“买方或者多头”,而认为股市看跌而抛售股票的人却被称为bear, 也就是“卖方或者空头”。


接下来我们要听一段话。这个人在说他在华尔街股票市场上的朋友Green。他把Green称作 bear。为什么呢?请你听其中的原因。


例句3: Most people I know on Wall Street think the market is headed up, but my friend Green is a real bear: he's looked hard at it and thinks it will drop 200 points in the next 30 days.


这段话说:我在华尔街的大多数熟人都认为股市在上涨,但是我的朋友Green却真是个空头。他一向密切注视股市上落。他的预计是在今后三十天里股市将下跌两百点。


所以这里的bear意思是认为股市看跌的人,或者说就是“空头,卖方”。



n.挑战者;夺标者
  • the official challenger for the world championship title 世界冠军头衔的正式挑战者
  • The judges gave the nod to the winning challenger. 裁判们对挑战者的胜利给予确认。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.公牛,买进证券投机图利者,看涨的人
  • It's only a hair off a bull's back to them.这对他们来说,不过九牛一毛。
  • Many dogs closed around the bull.很多狗渐渐地把那只牛围了起来。
n.公牛( bull的名词复数 );法令;力大如牛的人;(象、鲸等动物的)雄兽
  • Riding bulls is always an exciting event at a rodeo. 骑公牛总是放牧人竞技会上激动人心的表演。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Two white bulls were sacrificed and a feast was held. 献祭了两头白牛,并举行了盛宴。 来自辞典例句
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