走进牛津大学 第20期:牛津大学最大的学院

 　　The Christ Church College is the largest constituent 1 college of the University of Oxford 2 in England.

　　基督教堂学院是牛津大学最大的学院。
　　It is also one of the richest colleges of Oxford University, because it is the only college that has its own cathedral and gallery.
　　也是最富裕的学院之一，是惟一一所拥有专属大教堂和画廊的学院。
　　The Christ Church College is considered as a cradle, which is for the British aristocracy to get education. Students can study an extremely large scale of things there, from governing the country to all sorts of art.
　　人们视基督教堂学院为英国贵族的教育摇篮是学习治国和各种艺术的高等学府。
　　基督教堂学院.jpg
　　It is said that the college has produced thirteen British prime ministers, as well as eleven viceroys of India, which is more than all other Oxford colleges put together.
　　该学院一共培养出了13位英国首相和11位印度总督，这远远超过了牛津大学其他学院的总和。
　　The two most recent British prime ministers who studied here are Anthony Eden (1955~1957) and Sir Alec Douglas-Home (1963~1964).
　　近年在这里求学过的两位英国首相是安东尼.艾登（1955~1957 )和亚力克道格拉斯爵士（ 1963 ~ 1964)。
　　Christ Church College was founded in 1525 by Thomas Cardinal 3 Wolsey.
　　基督教堂学院于1525年由红衣主教托马斯.沃尔西创建。
　　He planned the establishment on a magnificent scale, but he was overthrown 4 by Henry VDI in 1529.
　　他原本计划建一所规模宏大的学院，但是，1529年，亨利八世国王把这位红衣主教赶下了台。
　　Though the college was not completed, the king confiscated 5 it.
　　虽然当时学院尚未建成，但国王还是没收了它。
　　Then in 1546 the king refounded the college as Christ Church as part of the re-organization of the Church of England and made it the cathedral of the recently established diocese of Oxford.
　　1546年，亨利八世将重建后的学院易名为基督教堂，归为重组后的英国圣公会的一部分，并将它作为牛津教区的总教。
　　Christ Church College has a number of architecturally significant buildings,基督教堂学院拥打大量造型独特的建筑，which include Christ Church Library, Peckwater Quadrangle, Tom Quad，Torn Tower, Canterbury Quadrangle, the Christ Church Hall, the Meadow Building, Christ Church Cathedral and Christ Church Picture Gallery.
　　包括基督教堂图书馆、佩克渥特方庭、汤姆方庭、汤姆钟塔、坎特伯雷方庭、基督教堂大食堂、草地大楼、基督教堂学院教堂、以及基督教堂画廊。
　　Among them, what the most interesting building is Tom Tower.
　　其中，最有趣的是汤姆钟塔。
　　The famous Tom Tower was designed by Sir Christopher Wren 6 in 1681.
　　1681年，克甩斯托弗.雷恩为基督教堂学院建造汤姆钟塔。
　　To even today the bell in the tower is rung 101 times at 9 p.m. Oxford time (9:05 p.m. GMT/BST).
　　直到今天，塔里的钟依然会在牛津时间晚上9点整敲响101次（格林威治时间或英国夏令时的晚上9: 05)。
　　In former times this was a signal to close the college gates throughout the University of Oxford.
　　从前，这标志着牛津大学所有学院的大门即将关闭。
　　The one who was not able to be back on time would be punished severely 7.
　　那些不能准时返回学校的人将会受到严厉的惩罚。
　　The Tom Tower is one of the most distinctive 8 Baroque-Gothic building in British.
　　这座钟塔是英国的巴洛克——哥特式风格建筑中最别具一格的代表作之一，Therefore, undoubtedly 9, it is remarked as a masterpiece of the college that can not be Lack of.
　　因此，它毫无疑问地被评为学院不可或缺的标志性建筑。