时间:2019-01-18 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   边缘介词(Marginal Prepositions)指的是那些在语法功能上与介词相似的词。本文所要介绍的是那些貌似动词却非动词的边缘介词。与一般介词不同的是,这类介词的词形较特别:除少数词以动词原形出现以外,大多数词为分词形式。由于其独特的词形,加上一般语法书上又没有给出详尽的用法说明及例句,人们往往很难将这些词同介词联系在一起。事实上,作为一种较为特殊的介词,它们同样具有一般介词所具有的某些语法功能,在现代英语中的运用也并不少见。例如《大学英语》第一册中有这样的一个句子“...with more dignity than I would have thought possible considering his appearance.” 句中的“considering”就是一个十分常见的边缘介词。对于每个英语学习者来说,了解并掌握一些类似的边缘介词是很有必要的。这里,我向读者介绍一些常见的类似动词的边缘介词。


  一、 形似现在分词的边缘介词
  英语中,绝大多数类似动词的边缘介词都为现在分词形式,其中最为常见的有以下一些:
  1.barring(不包括,如果没有):
  Barring special circumstances, the plane will arrive on schedule.
  如无特殊情况,飞机将准时到达。
  2.concerning(关于,就……来说):
  We had several discussions concerning the matter.
  关于这事,我们已讨论好几次了。
  3.considering(鉴于,就……而论):
  Considering his age, he writes quite well.
  以他的年龄来看,他写得相当不错。
  4.excepting(除……之外),该词用于句首或not,without,always之后。
  Everyone helped, not excepting John.
  每个人都帮了一把,连约翰也不例外。
  5.failing(如果在……中失败,如果没有):
  Failing specific instructions, use your own judgment 1.
  如无具体指示,请自行酌办。
  6.pending 2(直到),此词为正式用语。
  This matter must wait pending his return from Europe.
  这件事要等到他从欧洲回来后再说。
  7.regarding(关于),此词为正式用语,常用于商业信函中。
  Yesterday, we had a spirited discussion regarding the future of the reform.
  昨天,我们就改革的前途进行了一番热烈的讨论。
  8.respecting(关于,至于):
  I'm at a loss respecting his whereabouts.
  关于他的下落,我一无所知。
  9.touching 3(关于,提到),该词用于正式语体或书面语。
  Touching the case, I suggest that we should go to ask the litigant 4.
  关于这个案子,我建议我们去问问当事人。
  10.wanting(没有):
  Wanting courage, victory is impossible.
  没有勇气,就不可能取得胜利。
  二、形似过去分词及形同动词原形的边缘介词
  这类介词为数不多,最常用的有以下几个:
  1.given(考虑到):
  Given the present conditions, I think she's done rather well.
  考虑到目前的条件,我认为她做得相当不错了。
  2.granted (that)(假定,即使):
  Granted (或Granting) that she should come to lend you a hand, it doesn't mean she will.
  即使她应该来帮你一把,也并不意味着她会这样做。
  3.bar(除……之外):
  We'll come on time bar(或barring)traffic delay.
  除非路上堵车,我们将准时到达。
  4.save(除……之外),此词为正式用语。
  The screen was all dark save for one bright spot.
  除了一个光点之外,屏幕上一片黑暗。
  从以上所给例句中,我们不难看出,这类介词同样具有一般介词的语法功能,它们在句中主要用作状语或在名词短语之后作后置修饰语。有一点需要说明的是,有些以分词形式出现的词,除了有边缘介词的功能以外,还有其他一些功能,如连接词的功能,这就非本文所讨论的范围了。

n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
prep.直到,等待…期间;adj.待定的;迫近的
  • The lawsuit is still pending in the state court.这案子仍在州法庭等待定夺。
  • He knew my examination was pending.他知道我就要考试了。
adj.动人的,使人感伤的
  • It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
  • His letter was touching.他的信很感人。
n.诉讼当事人;adj.进行诉讼的
  • A litigant generally must make a motion in writing.诉讼当事人通常必须作出书面申请。
  • In civil proceedings,the litigants shall have equal litigant rights.民事诉讼当事人有平等的诉讼权利。
标签: 语法
学英语单词
accusative
air man
Anoectochilus elwesii
arcaded sidewalk
argodromile
Aryabhata
back interface trap density
Bact.
Bengkulu, Propinsi
block-oriented computer
calcaneoplantar
camo
Campanula persicifolia
cane glass
compare instruction
continuous battery still
contract-based
correctional officers
Cortexilar
cotoneaster
cradle
cretification
dark mottle
dead lever trunk
dehistoricizing
dehydrotechol
dichorial twins
dog-weary
dry solution
edies
element factor
embusartan
Eumseong-gun
forgetfully
frombe
Gask-O-Seal
Gendre's fixing fluid
Gentiana wardii
gnaphalium luteoalbum luteoalbum
goddamndest
going commando
grow out of knowledge
Gwegon
haploidy number
heart cavity
hewar
i-schette
improper Gaussian process
in-door seasoning
islet of pancreas
Isoglossa
joint-stock corporation
judicial legisation
Junggar Basin
kobzars
lateral wind
leges Angliae
logical process
low-temperature measurement
mangalores
manslaughter
methane gas
morbidly obese
nasopharyngeal meatus
old soldiers
Pawłowiczki
pecking orders
perthitic structure
phospholinked
photo booths
plane normal
prismatic billet moulding
propeller blade chord
PTE-1
put the doctor on someone
radiation analyzer
radiotelemeter
ratchet sth down
relaundering
retaining bolt
RO-2-3973
rocksburg
sparling
stuedemann
surface flatness
the length and breadth of somewhere
thin gauge skin
to no degree
Treaty of Montevideo
turn indicators
uneven wear
ungrammared
unit type cable
Universal City
vapour compression refrigeration
variational condition
vasodilators
whiff of grapeshot
Winchester measure
wind tunnel balance
Yanchan, Gora
Yomadji