时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要讲的三个习惯用语里都是以这个单词为主的:dirty。Dirty在中文里的意思就是脏。好,现在先来介绍我们今天要讲的第一个习惯用语:Dirty work。Dirty work从字面上来看好象是做很脏的工作。

实际上, 作为一个习惯用语,Dirty work并不是真的做象打扫厕所那样很脏的事。Dirty work是指做那些让人不愉快的,很讨厌的,或者是很不讨好的工作。

我们还是举个例子来说明dirty work这个习惯用语是怎么用的。下面说话的人告诉他的朋友,他办公室的一个同事很倒霉,因为他老是得做那些让人讨厌的工作。他说:

例句-1:I have to feel sorry for Jerry in our office; he's the poor guy who gets all the dirty work like stalling off creditors 1 we owe money to and can't pay. The hardest part of his job is firing people - it isn't easy to tell them they're losing their jobs.

这个人说:我真是同情我们办公室里的Jerry。 他总是得做那些令人讨厌的工作,例如把那些借钱给我们的人打发走,因为我们欠了钱,可又还不了。他最难做的工作是解雇雇员。告诉别人他们丢了工作,这可不是容易的事。

******

我们今天要讲的第二个习惯用语是:dirty trick. Trick这个词有好几种意思,在这里,trick的意思是手法。Dirty trick这个习惯用语是指采用欺骗别人的诡计。

Dirty trick这个说法从冷战时期就开始出现了。当时是指为了获得情报而采取秘密行动,或者是指国家之间在搜集情报的时候为了欺骗对方而采用的策略。现在,政治界,甚至商业界在欺骗或误导竞争对方的时候也经常用dirty tricks这个说法。搜集情报的机构有时会用假的信息来误导对方。下面说话的人举了一个二次世界大战时期的例子。他说:

例句-2:When the Allies landed in France, one of the dirty tricks used was to put a Royal Navy uniform on a dead man and drop the body near the coast. In his pocket were false plans to invade the coast far from the landing beaches at Normamdy.

这句话的意思是:当盟军到法国的时候,他们用的一个手法就是给一个尸体穿上皇家海军的制服,然后把尸体扔在海岸附近。衣服口袋里有假的登陆计划,说盟军要在离诺曼底登陆海岸很远的地方上岸。

Dirty tricks这个习惯用语是在二次世界大战时开始的,但是自从人类有战争以来,dirty tricks这种做法就已经存在。

******

我们今天要讲的最后一个习惯用语是:down and dirty。 Down就是下面,down and dirty这个习惯用语是指在采取行动的时候不顾一般的行为准则,不考虑这一行动是否公平,是否正当。

这个习惯用语经常用描述那种依靠造谣,欺骗和诬蔑来获胜的政治竞选。下面讲话的人告诉我们一个大城市竞选市长的情况。他说:

例句-3:The papers all say this campaign was as down and dirty as any they can remember. Both sides circulated unfounded rumors 2 and spread stories about the other candidate's personal life. The voters were glad when it was all over.

这个人说:各个报纸都说,在他们记忆中,这次竞选是最尔虞我诈的一次。双方都传播一些毫无根据的谣传,散布有关候选人私生活的消息。竞选结束后,选民们都很高兴,因为这次竞选总算是过去了。



n.债权人,债主( creditor的名词复数 )
  • They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 );[古]名誉;咕哝;[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 );[古]名誉;咕哝;[古]喧嚷
  • Rumors have it that the school was burned down. 有谣言说学校给烧掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Rumors of a revolt were afloat. 叛变的谣言四起。 来自《简明英汉词典》
学英语单词
a tad
ac exciter
acoustic sensor arrays
agerelated
alkylene glycol
amphoteric ion-exchangeresin
Ankoro
audit-in-depth
bastard lignum vitaes
Benthuizen
Bu Legmaden, Oued
cable duct
Carlton Pass
carrier transmission system for subscribers
Change tack
character operator
chili powder
chocolate biscuit
coefficient of energy
cognitive contents
Cordova Bay
Cowley Father
digesting compartment
electrolytic voltmeter
emissary sky
ergo-apiol
fictor
first order dependence
fish-farm
fleet streets
fluoroprednisolone
Force Gauges
genus spergulas
gleis
ground water balance
hammitt
HPVC
hyperestesia
induced flux
ineffective activity
Jianzhongshu
kintu
Kolle flask
koufos
lagged endogenous variable
linearity control
lipogranuloma
logadoblennorrhea
long-acting injection
Lyonnet's gland
maleinized tung oil
manual labo(u)r
marconi operator
microsomaloxidase
migratory beekeeping
miniclades
mournival
multiple mirror telescope
nutlettes
oil tappet
oquirrh mts.
orthogonal idempotent elements
out-fall
palm of lotus
Parietis
plural scattering
profit investment criterion
radices parietales venae cavae inferioris
reactive scarlet
read-write
Reed, Walter
research on products
reserene
rewoke
ripeners
robust lms algorithm
rubbedy
Rubinstein, Helena
s.b.t
salinity temperature depth recorder
scene-shifters
seam wave
seaside scrub oaks
ship to shore
shrinkage joint
soundery
storck
straightarm
sulci nervi ulnaris
talesmen
traumatic synovitis of knee joint
turreting
two-position signal
under-ice fishing
very funny
vitreous material
wall chase
wild-flowers
womenhatred
woolly bears
yellow ligaments
zinc carbolate