时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  我们今天要学的习惯用语都包括这样一个关键词汇,call。 Call这个词最主要的意思是大声呼唤,但是大家一定知道call 用在不同的习惯用语里意思也会发生相应的变化。例如在今天要学的第一个习惯用语里: call sb. on the carpet 1

Carpet是地毯。按照字面意思来看,call sb. on the carpet就是召唤某人到地毯上来。你当然明白作为习惯用语它不表示这样的意思。

这个短语的起源可以追溯到一个多世纪前的英国和美国,和现代相比当时家里使用仆役是比较普遍的情况。要是主人对仆人的 工作不满意,就会把仆人叫到客厅来训斥,而主人用的客厅往往铺着地毯,不象仆人的下房那样只是光秃秃的地板。这样一说,你也许已经意识到召唤某人到地毯上来意味着什么了。

我们再听个例子来领会call sb. on the carpet这个习惯用语的确切意思吧。这位先生要告诉我们有关同事Joe的事,Joe是公司最优秀的推销员,但是最近却老是迟到早退。于是公司经理Mr. Lee决定必须对Joe的懒散采取措施了。我们听听发生了什么:

例句-1:Mr. Lee finally called Joe on the carpet. He told him he was a good salesman but he had to start working a full eight hours a day like everybody else. If he didn't, then the company would have to let him go and get someone else.

Mr. Lee终于把Joe叫来训斥了一顿。他说Joe是个出色的推销员,但是Joe必须改过自新,和大家一样每天工作八小时整,否则公司就会解雇他,另聘他人。

从这段话看出Mr. Lee给Joe下了最后通牒:你要是不改迟到早退的毛病,就不得不把你解雇了。所以这里的 call sb. on the carpet意思是斥责某人的错误缺点。

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今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: call the tune 2。 Tune是曲调,call the tune这个习惯用语出现在两百多年前,其实它来自另一个习惯说法: He who pays the piper calls the tune. He who pays the piper calls the tune. 意思是:谁出钱给吹笛子的乐师,谁就可以点曲子。换句话说call the tune就是“说了算”,“有权作主”意思。

我们听个例子,这段话说的是一个家族拥有的公司。这家公司的老总裁发心脏病,不得不退休。我们听听公司因而发生了什么变动,特别注意话里的习惯用语call the tune:

例句-2:When the old man left, his young son got the job. Now he calls the tune and is making a lot of changes. It's too early to tell whether he can really handle 3 the job but so far he's doing just fine.

他说:那位老先生退休后,他年轻的儿子掌管公司了。如今是他当家作主,而且正在进行不少改革。眼下要断言他究竟是否称职还为时过早,但是直到现在他干得很好。

这里的习惯用语call the tune意思就是当家作主。

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今天要学的第三个习惯用语是: call it a day是个相当古老的习惯用语,沿用至今已经有一百五十多年了,但是人们仍然常常会用到它。比方说,有人那天工作超过了平日工作的时间,他累了,也可能是觉得已经做得够多的了,于是急于收工。那时候,他就可以说:I can call it a day.

好,我们再听个例子来领会call it a day这个习惯用语的言下之意吧。说话的人开了家小公司,他正跟自己的合作伙伴Mike一起查帐,因为他们知道帐目上有个严重差错,只是不清楚错在什么地方。

现在已经是晚上十点半,他俩却还没吃晚饭。我们听听他跟Mike说什么。请特别注意他话里的习惯用语call it a day:

例句-3:Hey, Mike, look at the clock. It's late, we're hungry, and my eyes are so tired I can hardly see the numbers. Let's call it a day and look for the mistake in the morning after we've had a night's sleep.

他说:嘿,Mike,看看都几点了!太晚了,我们还饿着。我的眼睛都累得几乎看不清那些数字了。我们今天就到此为止吧,睡一觉明天再来找出错的地方。

显然call it a day这个习惯用语用来表示要结束工作,到此为止。有时我们也这样说:call it quits 4。 Call it quits,也表示到此为止,但是这样说的人更带有永远结束某事的意思。比方说,一对年轻人在约会了一段时间以后决定结束恋爱关系,于是小伙子这样解释:

例句-4:We decided 5 to call it quits, because we agreed we don't have enough in common to get serious about each other.

他说:我们决心分手,结束恋爱关系,因为我们都觉得相互间缺少确定关系的共同点。

看来他俩的恋爱关系已经决裂,不会重续旧情了,所以他用了call it quits这个习惯用语。有时你到很晚的时候决定停手不干了,你也可以说:call it a night,意思其实和call it a day一样。



n.毯子,地毯,地毯般覆盖物;v.铺盖.覆盖
  • The carpet is on the floor.地毯铺在地板上。
  • We rolled up the carpet.我们把地毯卷了起来。
n.调子;和谐,协调;v.调音,调节,调整
  • He'd written a tune,and played it to us on the piano.他写了一段曲子,并在钢琴上弹给我们听。
  • The boy beat out a tune on a tin can.那男孩在易拉罐上敲出一首曲子。
n.把手,手柄,拉手;vt.触,摸;操纵;处理
  • He felt about in the dark for the door handle.他在黑暗中摸索着找门把手。
  • Can you show me how I can handle this camera?你能教我如何使用这个照相机吗?
adj.互不欠债的,抵消的v.从(某处)离开,离去( quit的第三人称单数 );停止;戒掉;离任
  • If I give you this £10, then we're quits, aren't we? 如果我把这10英镑给你,我们就两清了,对吧? 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Death quits all scores. 一死百了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
学英语单词
acetphenetidin
active schedule
administrative execution statistics
Ajuga reptans
alumino-katophorite
anthropophilic index
ARCOIDEA
back wash pump
Bakayevka
bannack
barrow-wights
bierce
bogwood
boxties
bullicks
candex
Capaccioni
cerbral aqueduct
chemical pharmacy
Chushan-rishathaim
clinical osteology
Consol station
constant voltage feeding
crowning wheel
depreciation age life method
doupt
duthuits
eats her
economic working condition
endosomal
Exmoorian
exoproduct
feeding auger
final prediction error (fpe) criterion
formula for interpolation with reciprocal difference
fugazi
full selected current
functional region
fundamental operation
gaia
generic intervals
Genoese
graphologic
horizontal wire-drawing machine
hot plate method
in recent times
independent beam plow
instrumental broadening
ISTJ
karasmontana
layin' cable
made notes of
Mahama
MDCFT
mount the throne
nagaimo
Nasu
neighbouring valence
Nicholson, Sir Francis
nonprivileged
occhio
operculitis
or over
orbital acquisition
overriden
overstructured
ownds
p-type conductor
pandeids
personal bondage
petroleum chemicals industry
phenylbenzhydryl
pressing-in
protective cutoff
queen's evidence
railroad through transport
ramaker
rate of crystallization
re-starting
recalibrators
revival phenomenon
roll-back system
sanctuarizes
screwpines
secondary source of pollution
shared environment
shareef
simple ordering of state probabilities
skip free process
smart cart
statisitic figure
stereo processing
tailstock clamp bolt
tension flow
tourism area
u. s. codes
unfeirie
upward view
ventriculosubarachnoid
wood-shaw
wooden staves
yellowfin (tuna)