时间:2019-01-14 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要讲的习惯用语都由这样一个关键词发展而来 : powder。 大家一定知道powder是“粉,” 可以是扑脸的香粉,也可能是治病的药粉或者爆炸的火药,种类繁多。今天要学的第一个习惯用语是: take a powder。 习惯用语take a powder含义是出于自身的意愿或者听从他人的命令而急匆匆地离开某处。它表达这样的意思实在令人费解,不知从何而来,然而有一种解释是,这里的powder指泻药,服下泻药的人一到药性产生作用的时候,难免得急不可待地离开原地,去解决个人的迫切需要。

我们听两个例子。它们都应用了习惯用语take a powder。第一段话说的是个银行经理从储户账号上窃取了二百万美元巨款后携款潜逃。

例句-1:When the police came to arrest him, they found his house empty. He'd already taken a powder with the money and left the country. Now they're looking for him in Europe and South America.

他说:当警察上门逮捕他的时候,却发现人去楼空:他早就携款出国潜逃了。目前警方正在欧洲和南美洲寻找他的下落。

这里的习惯用语had taken a powder意思是早已逃之夭夭。

******

这个银行经理知道警方一定放不过他,他当然不想蹲监狱,所以仓惶逃跑,‘离开’是他的自发行动。我们再要听的例子却不是自发行动了;你会听到一个不耐烦的办公室经理在命令一名死乞白赖的推销员离开办公室。注意他也用了习惯用语take a powder:

例句-2:Look, I've told you five times we have all the office equipment we need. I'll say it once more - I don't want your stuff. You've wasted enough of my time already - now take a powder!

他说:看,我已经对你说了五遍了:我们所需要的办公设备一应俱全。我再跟你讲一次 -- 我可不要你的货色。你浪费我的时间已经够多的了,现在你得马上离开这儿!

这里的习惯用语take a powder意思虽然也是“离开,”然而是在命令对方离开。

******

今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: keep one's powder dry。在keep one's powder dry这个习惯用语里,powder指枪炮用的火药。以前步兵和水兵把火药装在火药桶里保持干燥,随时取用。要是哪个粗心大意的士兵忘了把火药桶盖子盖上,火药就可能受潮,装上这样的火药枪炮就开不了火了。于是军官时常会教训士兵:keep your powder dry,也就是要他们谨防火药受潮,随时备战。

这就是keep your powder dry这个习惯用语的出典,但是如今这个习惯用语已经跟火药不相干了,而且不仅在军内还在民间流通。我们先来听以为军官在将军视察营房之后,正对不下讲话:

例句-3:Okay, men, the General liked what he saw. But we still may get a surprise inspection 1 any time! So keep your quarters clean and neat at all times. Remember the old rule, keep your powder dry.

他说:好吧,各位,将军对看到的情况很满意。但是仍然可能随时对我们进行突击视察,所以大家得始终保持营房整洁。记住这条老规矩:有备无患。

显然这里的习惯用语keep your powder dry是保持营房整洁随时迎接视察。换句话说就是:有备无患。

******

再听个例子,是有关邻里纠纷的。一场暴风雨吹倒Brown先生家的一棵大树。这棵树却把紧邻隔壁Green先生家的房子压坏了。这引起了两家的争执。后来请了几个房屋修理工来作房屋修复费用的估价。Brown最后终于同意偿付这笔修理费。这是Green先生在私下跟太太议论:他还是觉得放心不下。

例句-4:Honey, let's keep all our damages estimates handy. I don't trust Brown - he may find some excuse not to pay. Then we'll have to sue him in court so let's keep our powder dry.

他说:亲爱的,我们要把所有的修理估价单据都保存在可随时取得的地方。我可不信任Brown那家伙,他会找个借口赖帐的。那时候我们就得上法庭告他了,所以我们得做好一切准备。

显然这段话里的习惯用语let's keep our powder dry,意思是我们要把必要的证据保存在随手可得的地方,随时为索赔诉讼作准备。这里的习惯用语keep our powder dry还是有备无患的意思。



n.检查,审查,检阅
  • On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查,发现肉变质了。
  • The soldiers lined up for their daily inspection by their officers.士兵们列队接受军官的日常检阅。
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accelerated application valve portion
acromial network
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alarm window
any old thing
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ballistic laser holographic system
big amount
bobbin support bolt
bromononane
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chaetomium gangligerum
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shipbuilder's computing center
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