词汇资料-英语单词词根词典（9）-英语课

时间：2019-01-11 作者：英语课 分类：考研英语

英语课

DE-,DI-,DIS-
away,off,not
分离,否定
de,di,dis 是英文最重要的字首之一,相关的单字数量很多. de 为 down,complete 之意引申出来 away,off 的意思,则归属於di,dis 之中. di,dis 后接字根的第一个字母若是 d,g,l,m,n,r,v 之一,则拼作 di;若是 c,p,q,s,t 之一,便拼作 dis. 除了de,di,dis 三种常见的拼法之外,并有 dif一种,字根的第一个字母若是 f,便用这拼法,如differ v. [差异],difficult a.[艰难的],diffident a. [胆怯的] 等.
decadence 1 堕落,衰落
decapitate 斩首
decay 衰亡,逐渐衰弱
deceive 欺骗
decide 决定,决心
decipher 解释,译解
decode 2 译解
decompose 3 分解,腐烂
decrease 减少
decree 命令
defame 损毁名誉,诽谤
default 缺乏,怠忽
defeat 击败,失败
defect 缺点,过失,投奔敌方,变节
defend 保卫,保护
defer 4 延期
deficient 5 有缺点,不足的
deficit 6 赤字,不足(额)
define 定义,详细说明
definite 明确,确定的
definitive 7 确定,最后的
deflect 8 使偏斜,使转向
deform 9 使不成形,使丑
defraud 10 欺骗,诈欺
defy 违抗,不顾,挑激
degenerate 11 恶化,变坏
dehydrate 12 脱水,使乾
delegate 指令...为代表,委派
delinquency 犯罪,违法
delirious 13 狂喜
deliver 拯救,递送
delude 14 迷惑,欺骗
deluge 15 洪水
demarcation 界限,界线
demonstrate 证明,演示,作示威运动
demur 16 反对,犹豫
denude 17 剥下,脱去,剥夺
depart 离开,放弃
deplete 18 耗尽,使空竭
deploy 19 部署,展开
deport 20 放逐,驱逐出境
depose 21 废除
deprecate 反对,不赞成,鄙视
depreciate 22 跌价,贬值,轻视,毁谤
depute 委托(某人)为代理
deputy 代表
derange 23 扰乱,使错乱
derive 24 起源,获得
descant 25 详述
describe 形容,描写,叙述
desert 遗弃,放弃
despair 失望,绝望
desperate 绝望,不顾死活的
despondency 意气消沈,失望
detach 分开,派遣
detail 细节,细部,详述
detain 拘留,扣押
detect 发现
deter 26 防止
detract 减损,责难
detrimental 27 有害,伤害的
develop 开发,进展,发展
deviate 28 离题,逸出正轨
devious 29 不正直,有偏差的
devote 奉献
devout 30 忠诚,虔诚的
differ 不同,意见不合
differentiate 31 辨别,区分
difficult 艰难,费力的
diffident 羞怯的
diffuse 32 传播,冗长的
digest 消化,吸收,分类
digress 离开本题
dilapidate 使部分毁坏,使破损
dilate 33 扩大
diligent 34 勤勉的
dilute 35 稀释,变淡,使变弱
dimension 尺寸,大小
diminish 减少
diminutive 36 小的
direct 命令,指导,直接,坦白,绝对的
disable 使残废,使无资格
disadvantage 不利情况,缺点,伤害
disaffect 使生恶感,使生二心,使疏远
disagree 不一致,争论
disapprove 37 非难,不准许,不赞成
disarray 38 使乱
disaster 灾祸
disavow 否认,不承认
disband 解散
discard 摒除,弃绝
discern 辨别,看见
discharge 开释,开除,放出,流出
disclaim 39 否认,拒绝承认
disclose 揭露
discomfit 40 挫败,使困惑
discomfort 41 不舒适,不快
disconnect 使分离
disconsolate 42 哀伤,孤独的
discontent 不满
discontinue 停止
discord 43 不一致
discount 折扣
discourage 阻止,使沮丧,妨碍
discourse 44 演沟,谈话,论文
discourteous 45 无礼貌,粗鲁的
discover 发现,泄露
discredit 46 怀疑,不信任
discreet 47 言行谨慎,小心的
discrepancy 48 矛盾,不同
discrete 49 分立,各别,不相关连的
discriminate 50 辨别
discursive 51 散乱无章的
disdain 52 鄙视
disease 病,疾痛
disembark 登岸,离船,卸货
disengage 解开,放开
disentangle 解开
disfavor 不赞成,不喜欢
disfigure 破坏(姿容,形状等)
disfranchise 夺...之公权
disgorge 吐出,流出,喷出
disgrace 耻辱
disguise 假扮,伪装,掩饰
disgust 厌恶
dishearten 使沮丧,使气馁
dishevel 使凌乱
dishonest 不诚实,欺诈
dishonor 耻辱,不名誉
disillusion 幻灭
disincline (使)不愿,厌恶
disinfect 消毒
disintegrate 崩溃,分裂
disinter 发现,从坟墓中挖出
disinterested 公正,无私,漠不关心的
dislike 嫌恶
dismantle 拆卸,剥脱
dismiss 解散,开除
disorient 使失去方向感,使迷惑
disown 不承认为己所有,否认
disparage 贬抑,毁谤,轻视
disparate 不同的
dispatch 派遣,速办
dispel 吹散,驱散
dispense 分与,分配
disperse 驱散,消散,免除
displace 使离乡背井,免职,取代,代替
display 陈列,展示
displeasure 不满,不悦
disport 嬉戏,娱乐
dispossess 强夺,剥夺
disprove 证明为误,反驳
dispute 争吵,争论
disquiet 不安,动摇
disregard 忽视,轻视,不理
disrobe 脱衣
disrupt 瓦解,中断,使分裂
dissect 分辨,切开,分析
disseminate 传播,散布
dissent 不同意
dissertation 论文,演讲
dissidence 异议,不一致
dissimulate 掩饰,假装
dissipate 使消散,驱散
dissolute 放荡,淫乐的
dissolve 消除,消灭,溶解
dissonance 不协调,不调和
dissuade 劝阻,阻止
distant 遥远,远离的
distaste 嫌恶
distend 扩张,膨胀
distinct 相异,各别,清楚的
distinguish 区别,辨别,认明
distinguished 杰出,著名的
distort 扭曲,曲解
distract 分心,困恼
distraught 心神分散,发狂的
distress 穷困,困难,痛苦
distribute 分送,分配
disturb 打扰,扰乱
diverge 分歧,逸出正轨
diverse 各色各样,种类不同的
diversify 使多样化,使变化
divert 转入,转向,自娱,消遣
divest 脱去,剥除
divorce 离婚,分开
divulge 泄漏,揭穿
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1 decadence

n.衰落，颓废

The decadence of morals is bad for a nation.道德的堕落对国家是不利的。
His article has the power to turn decadence into legend.他的文章具有化破朽为神奇的力量。

2 decode

vt.译（码），解（码）

All he had to do was decode it and pass it over.他需要做的就是将它破译然后转给他人。
The secret documents were intercepted and decoded.机密文件遭截获并被破译。

3 decompose

vi.分解；vt.（使）腐败，（使）腐烂

The eggs began to decompose after a day in the sun.鸡蛋在太阳下放了一天后开始变坏。
Most animals decompose very quickly after death.大多数动物死后很快腐烂。

4 defer

vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从

We wish to defer our decision until next week.我们希望推迟到下星期再作出决定。
We will defer to whatever the committee decides.我们遵从委员会作出的任何决定。

5 deficient

adj.不足的，不充份的，有缺陷的

The crops are suffering from deficient rain.庄稼因雨量不足而遭受损害。
I always have been deficient in selfconfidence and decision.我向来缺乏自信和果断。

6 deficit

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

7 definitive

adj.确切的，权威性的；最后的，决定性的

This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
No one has come up with a definitive answer as to why this should be so.至于为什么该这样，还没有人给出明确的答复。

8 deflect

v.(使)偏斜，(使)偏离，(使)转向

Never let a little problem deflect you.决不要因一点小问题就半途而废。
They decided to deflect from the original plan.他们决定改变原计划。

9 deform

vt.损坏…的形状；使变形，使变丑；vi.变形

Shoes that are too tight deform the feet.(穿)太紧的鞋子会使脚变形。
Ice crystals begin to deform measurably.冰晶就产生某种程度的变形了。

10 defraud

vt.欺骗，欺诈

He passed himself off as the managing director to defraud the bank.他假冒总经理的名义诈骗银行。
He is implicated in the scheme to defraud the government.他卷入了这起欺骗政府的阴谋。

11 degenerate

v.退步，堕落；adj.退步的，堕落的；n.堕落者

He didn't let riches and luxury make him degenerate.他不因财富和奢华而自甘堕落。
Will too much freedom make them degenerate?太多的自由会令他们堕落吗？

12 dehydrate

vt.使脱水

People can very quickly dehydrate in the desert.人在沙漠里很快就会脱水。
Without these structures, many warm-blooded animals would quickly dehydrate,especially in dry climates.没有这样的结构，许多温血动物将很快脱水，特别是在干燥的气候条件下。

13 delirious

adj.不省人事的，神智昏迷的

He was delirious,murmuring about that matter.他精神恍惚，低声叨念着那件事。
She knew that he had become delirious,and tried to pacify him.她知道他已经神志昏迷起来了，极力想使他镇静下来。

14 delude

vt.欺骗；哄骗

You won't delude him into believing it.你不能诱使他相信此事。
Don't delude yourself into believing that she will marry you.不要自欺，别以为她会嫁给你。

15 deluge

n./vt.洪水，暴雨，使泛滥

This little stream can become a deluge when it rains heavily.雨大的时候，这条小溪能变作洪流。
I got caught in the deluge on the way home.我在回家的路上遇到倾盆大雨。

16 demur

v．表示异议，反对

Without demur, they joined the party in my rooms. 他们没有推辞就到我的屋里一起聚餐了。
He accepted the criticism without demur. 他毫无异议地接受了批评。

17 denude

v.剥夺；使赤裸

The Embassy is now denuded of all foreign and local staff.现在大使馆里所有的外国和当地工作人员都清空了。
In such areas we see villages denuded of young people.在这些地区，我们在村子里根本看不到年轻人。

18 deplete

v.弄空，排除，减轻，减少...体液，放去...的血

Most native mammal species have been severely depleted.大多数本地哺乳动物的数量都已经大大减少了。
Elastic collisions deplete very little of the electron's energy.弹性碰撞中电子减少的能量非常少。

19 deploy

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

20 deport

vt.驱逐出境

We deport aliens who slip across our borders.我们把偷渡入境的外国人驱逐出境。
More than 240 England football fans are being deported from Italy following riots last night.昨晚的骚乱发生后有240多名英格兰球迷被驱逐出意大利。

21 depose

vt.免职；宣誓作证

The witness is going to depose.证人即将宣誓做证。
The emperor attempted to depose the Pope.皇帝企图废黜教皇。

22 depreciate

v.降价，贬值，折旧

The computer value will depreciate by $ 500 in the first year.在头一年里这台电脑会贬值500美元。
If you neglect this property,it will depreciate.如果你忽视这份资产，它无形中就贬值了。

23 derange

v.使精神错乱

Jack's inconsistent argument derange us all.杰克前后矛盾的争辩困扰了我们大家。
So few men were present to derange the harmony of the wilderness.极少有人去扰乱林子里的平静。

24 derive

v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自

We derive our sustenance from the land.我们从土地获取食物。
We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels.我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。

25 descant

v.详论，絮说；n.高音部

You need not descant upon my shortcomings.你不必絮说我的缺点。
An elderly woman,arms crossed,sang the descant.一位双臂交叉的老妇人演唱了高音部。

26 deter

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

27 detrimental

adj.损害的，造成伤害的

We know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
He wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。

28 deviate

v.(from)背离，偏离

Don't deviate from major issues.不要偏离主要问题。
I will never deviate from what I believe to be right.我绝不背离我自信正确的道路。

29 devious

adj.不坦率的，狡猾的；迂回的，曲折的

Susan is a devious person and we can't depend on her.苏姗是个狡猾的人，我们不能依赖她。
He is a man who achieves success by devious means.他这个人通过不正当手段获取成功。

30 devout

adj.虔诚的，虔敬的，衷心的 (n.devoutness)

His devout Catholicism appeals to ordinary people.他对天主教的虔诚信仰感染了普通民众。
The devout man prayed daily.那位虔诚的男士每天都祈祷。

31 differentiate

vi.(between)区分；vt.区别；使不同

You can differentiate between the houses by the shape of their chimneys.你可以凭借烟囱形状的不同来区分这两幢房子。
He never learned to differentiate between good and evil.他从未学会分辨善恶。

32 diffuse

v.扩散；传播；adj.冗长的；四散的，弥漫的

Direct light is better for reading than diffuse light.直射光比漫射光更有利于阅读。
His talk was so diffuse that I missed his point.他的谈话漫无边际，我抓不住他的要点。

33 dilate

vt.使膨胀，使扩大

At night,the pupils dilate to allow in more light.到了晚上，瞳孔就会扩大以接收更多光线。
Exercise dilates blood vessels on the surface of the brain.运动会使大脑表层的血管扩张。

34 diligent

adj.勤勉的，勤奋的

He is the more diligent of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较用功的一个。
She is diligent and keeps herself busy all the time.她真勤快，一会儿也不闲着。

35 dilute

vt.稀释，冲淡；adj.稀释的，冲淡的

The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。

36 diminutive

adj.小巧可爱的，小的

Despite its diminutive size,the car is quite comfortable.尽管这辆车很小，但相当舒服。
She has diminutive hands for an adult.作为一个成年人，她的手显得非常小。

37 disapprove

v.不赞成，不同意，不批准

I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。
She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员，但她的父母不赞成。

38 disarray

n.混乱，紊乱，凌乱

His personal life fell into disarray when his wife left him.妻子离去后，他的个人生活一片混乱。
Our plans were thrown into disarray by the rail strike.铁路罢工打乱了我们的计划。

39 disclaim

v.放弃权利，拒绝承认

Scientists quickly disclaim the possibility.科学家们立刻否认了这种可能性。
The manufacturers disclaim all responsibility for damage caused by misuse.使用不当而造成的损坏，生产厂家不负任何责任。

40 discomfit

v.使困惑，使尴尬

He will be particularly discomfited by the minister's dismissal of his plan.部长对他计划的不理会将使他特别尴尬。
The opposition leader has regularly discomfited him in parliament.反对派领导人常搞得他在国会中下不来台。

41 discomfort

n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便

One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。

42 disconsolate

adj.忧郁的，不快的

He looked so disconsolate that It'scared her.他看上去情绪很坏，吓了她一跳。
At the dress rehearsal she was disconsolate.彩排时她闷闷不乐。

43 discord

n.不和，意见不合，争论，（音乐）不和谐

These two answers are in discord.这两个答案不一样。
The discord of his music was hard on the ear.他演奏的不和谐音很刺耳。

44 discourse

n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述

We'll discourse on the subject tonight.我们今晚要谈论这个问题。
He fell into discourse with the customers who were drinking at the counter.他和站在柜台旁的酒客谈了起来。

45 discourteous

adj.不恭的，不敬的

I was offended by his discourteous reply.他无礼的回答使我很生气。
It was discourteous of you to arrive late.你迟到了，真没礼貌。

46 discredit

vt.使不可置信；n.丧失信义；不信，怀疑

Their behaviour has bought discredit on English football.他们的行为败坏了英国足球运动的声誉。
They no longer try to discredit the technology itself.他们不再试图怀疑这种技术本身。

47 discreet

adj.(言行)谨慎的；慎重的；有判断力的

He is very discreet in giving his opinions.发表意见他十分慎重。
It wasn't discreet of you to ring me up at the office.你打电话到我办公室真是太鲁莽了。

48 discrepancy

n.不同；不符；差异；矛盾

The discrepancy in their ages seemed not to matter.他们之间年龄的差异似乎没有多大关系。
There was a discrepancy in the two reports of the accident.关于那次事故的两则报道有不一致之处。

49 discrete

adj.个别的，分离的，不连续的

The picture consists of a lot of discrete spots of colour.这幅画由许多不相连的色点组成。
Most staple fibers are discrete,individual entities.大多数短纤维是不联系的单独实体。

50 discriminate

v.区别，辨别，区分；有区别地对待

You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
They can discriminate hundreds of colours.他们能分辨上百种颜色。

51 discursive

adj.离题的，无层次的

His own toast was discursive and overlong,though rather touching.他自己的祝酒词虽然也颇为动人，但是比较松散而冗长。
They complained that my writing was becoming too discursive.他们抱怨我的文章变得太散漫。

52 disdain

n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑

Some people disdain labour.有些人轻视劳动。
A great man should disdain flatterers.伟大的人物应鄙视献媚者。

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