时间:2019-01-04 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

今天我们要讲的习惯用语都包括table这个词。它最普通的意思是桌子。第一个习惯用语是: lay all your cards on the table。Lay可以解释“放、搁”;cards是纸牌,所以从字面意思来解释,lay all your cards on the table就是把你所有的牌都放到桌面上来。


换句话说是摊牌,也许对中国听众说来这个习惯用语的比喻意义是显而易见的,因为中文说“摊牌”含义就是亮出底细,也就是毫无保留地坦诚相见。


这个习惯用语的出典显然是纸牌游戏。按照规则某一方在一定的时候得把手上的牌翻开来摊在桌面上。这样他就是把自己的底细都明明白白地告诉别人了。这个习惯用语沿用至今已经四百多年了。


让我们来听个例子。这是一家贷款公司的业务代表在跟一个想购买房屋要借房屋贷款的人面谈。我们知道要做成这样一笔交易,借款人首先得毫无保留地向贷款公司公布自己一切财务情况,包括收入、储蓄以及债务等。


例句-1:First, why don't you lay all your cards on the table? I mean all of your income, debts 1 and savings 2 so we can figure out what to do about buying this house. You'll need a lot of cash up front.


他说:首先你为什么不把你的财务情况和盘托出呢?我的意思是你一共有多少收入、债务和储蓄。这样我们才能合计购买这栋房子的步骤。你先得有好多现款然后才能买房。


这里的lay all your cards on the table意思是把所有情况和盘托出,也就是毫无保留地说出一切。


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我们再学一个习惯用语: under the table。Under the table照字面意思来解释就是“在桌面底下。” Under the table和刚才学的习惯用语lay all your cards on the table意思刚好相反。在中文里也有类似的说法。也就是“不上台面的,”“暗地里的,”可以指偷偷摸摸的暗中交易。其实under the table这个习惯用语的出典就是在桌面底下把现金偷偷塞给洽谈生意的对方代表,贿赂他,以便于在台面上达成有利于自己的交易。所以人们说under the table指的是贿赂等不光明正大的暗中交易。


二次大战期间由于食品短缺,而不得不配给供应很多主要食品,而食品店的掌柜往往把一些配给的紧张商品藏在柜台底下,留给关系好的顾客。于是人们也说under the table来指这种开后门的小动作。


让我们来听个例子,里面有曾经学过的一个习惯用语making ends meet,意思是收支平衡。好,我们一起来听这段话吧。


例句-2:In certain countries nothing can be done without money changing hands under the table. This is especially true in places where officials get paid so little they have trouble making ends meet.


他说:在某些国家你要是不偷偷塞钱贿赂,就什么也办不成。在那些办事人员收入微薄、收支难以平衡的地方更是如此。


所以这里under the table意思是偷偷摸摸地、暗中进行地。


******


我们最后再学一个习惯用语: turn the tables。Turn the tables字面意义是“转桌子。”这个习惯用语的出典也许是棋赛。在桌子两边下棋的对手在一局结束后,必须转到桌子的另一边和对方交换位置,用意是给输的一方绝对公平的机会去扭转局面、转败为胜。让我们听个例子来体会turn the tables用来说明什么意思。


这是一个足球队员为他们球队终于击败了多年的劲敌而得意扬扬。


例句-3:Until this year my college had lost ten football games in a row to our strongest rival 3. But last Sunday we finally turned the tables on them and crushed 4 them 35 to nothing.


他说:在今年比赛前我校已经输给我们最厉害的劲敌一连串十场足球赛了。但是上星期天我们终于反败为胜,以三十五比零的比分把他们打得落花流水。


他们一连十次都败在对方手下,但是今年他们却扬眉吐气,以35比零的成绩把对方打得一败涂地。可见turn the tables含义是扭转局面,反败为胜。

 



债( debt的名词复数 ); 负债情况; 人情债; 情义
  • They were behindhand in settling their debts. 他们没有及时还清债务。
  • I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country. 我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。
n.存款,储蓄
  • I can't afford the vacation,for it would eat up my savings.我度不起假,那样会把我的积蓄用光的。
  • By this time he had used up all his savings.到这时,他的存款已全部用完。
n.竞争对手,敌手;vt.与…相匹敌,比得上
  • None of us can rival him in strength.我们谁也没他劲大。
  • She defeat all her rival for the job with nonchalant ease.她从容不迫地击败求职的所有竞争者。
a.压碎的,倒碎的
  • The car was completely crushed under the truck. 小轿车被卡车压得完全变形了。
  • The box was crushed when the car ran over it. 汽车辗过箱子时把它给压碎了。
学英语单词
a day to remember
Adelserpin
adoree
air compression refrigerating machine
ambulance man
and them
Andy Maguire
artificial refractory insulating oil
ascidiform
avenue of infection
bahia solano
barberite
Bashkirians
be flat
be low in
bike rack
brake bead
branch structure
catchoo
chain-drivens
chute boat
clock qualifier
commodity original
corneo-conjunctival
counting measure
crayon drawing
cuspidal quartic
depaving
discontinuous easement
dual-sided
ekistics
end-september
episiorrhagia
fainest
fale itemization of accounts
flag officer
forced crossing
fountainlets
generator neutral
ghetto-blaster
Gloucester County
go snap
gone into production
got through
grunow
handfastening
HFR
homolographic projection
hypogamaglobinemia
indirect discourses
inlet nominal size
inscide
ivermectins
Ixiolirion
khamisa
l clearance
legal regulations
light-darks
load shedding according to frequency
loss of soil nutrient
loyalize
made the best of way
metal zipper
meuraminidase
moving image
neottious
NESC
Newlands, John Alexander
nitrided structure
non-notable
one-line
over-voltage protection
oxepin
petrol-pressure gauge
Pitman efficiency
presuffixal
Prisoner of War Medal
profile cavitation
pulse-type triode
redeemless
reendowing
relos
Riscle
rotating crane
sarlath ra. (sarlat ghar)
short-range order parameter
smirked
spell-binding
statistical cost analysis
stick feeder
stratificational
survey notes
This window is just as wide as that one
titanomagnetite
transferred-electron diode
Triodanis
turnover of net worth
uniformly discrete
universal wide flange H-beam
unpickled spot
video sequence
weak butter