TED演讲:说服 让利他精神成为你的准则(4)
时间:2019-01-03 作者:英语课 分类:TED演讲科学篇
英语课
They have not been trained. 他们没接受过训练。
So do you need 50,000 hours of meditation 1? No, you don't. 你需要五万小时的冥想吗?不,不需要的。
Four weeks, 20 minutes a day, of caring, mindfulness meditation already brings a structural 2 change in the brain compared to a control group. 与对照组相比,每天20分钟,持续4周的关爱、正念冥想训练会使大脑结构发生改变。
That's only 20 minutes a day for four weeks. 只需每天20分钟,持续四周。
Even with preschoolers -- Richard Davidson did that in Madison. 甚至幼儿园的孩子也能发生这样的改变, 理查德?戴维森在麦迪逊市做过实验。
An eight-week program: gratitude 3, loving- kindness, cooperation, mindful breathing. 八星期长的项目:感恩、关爱、合作与呼吸训练。
You would say, Oh, they're just preschoolers. 你会说,他们只是幼儿园的孩子啊。
Look after eight weeks, 八星期之后,
the pro-social behavior, that's the blue line. 亲社会的行为,是这根蓝色线。
And then comes the ultimate scientific test, the stickers test. 然后是终极的科学实验,贴纸测试。
Before, you determine for each child who is their best friend in the class, 在训练前,确定每个孩子在班里最好的朋友,
their least favorite child, an unknown child, and the sick child, 最不喜欢的伙伴,不认识的小孩, 还有生病的小孩,
and they have to give stickers away. 每个孩子都要把手中的贴纸分发出去。
So before the intervention 4, they give most of it to their best friend. 在训练介入之前,孩子手中的贴纸 大部分都给了最好的朋友。
Four, five years old, 20 minutes three times a week. 四五岁的孩子,一周三次, 一次20分钟的训练。
After the intervention, no more discrimination: 训练之后,不再有区别对待:
the same amount of stickers to their best friend and the least favorite child. 孩子手中的贴纸等同地分给了 他们最好的朋友和最不喜欢的朋友。
That's something we should do in all the schools in the world. 我们需要把这个培训带给全世界的学校。
Now where do we go from there? 我们接下来要怎么做?
When the Dalai Lama heard that, he told Richard Davidson, 当达赖喇嘛听到了我的想法, 他告诉理查德戴维森,
You go to 10 schools, 100 schools, the U.N., the whole world. 从1个学校到10个,再到100个, 到联合国,到全世界。
So now where do we go from there? 我们接下来要怎么做?
Individual change is possible. 个人的变化是可能的。
Now do we have to wait for an altruistic 5 gene 6 to be in the human race? 我们还要等人类基因中出现利他基因吗?
That will take 50,000 years, too much for the environment. 这还需要五万年,环境等不了这么久。
Fortunately, there is the evolution of culture. 幸运的是,文化也可以进化。
Cultures, as specialists have shown, change faster than genes 7. 文化,正如学者们指出的, 要比基因变化快得多。
That's the good news. 这是好消息。
Look, attitude towards war has dramatically changed over the years. 你们看,相比过去, 人们对于战争的态度已发生了天翻地覆的变化。
So now individual change and cultural change mutually fashion each other, 个人的变化与文化的变化相辅相成,
and yes, we can achieve a more altruistic society. 没错,我们能实现利他社会。
So where do we go from there? 接下来要怎么做?
Myself, I will go back to the East. 我要回到东边,
Now we treat 100,000 patients a year in our projects. 目前我们的一个行动每年救助十万个患者。
We have 25,000 kids in school, four percent overhead. 我们的学校里有两万五千个孩子。
Some people say, Well, your stuff works in practice, 有些人说,你所做的一切在实践中可行,
but does it work in theory? 但有理论支持吗?
There's always positive deviance. 总是会有些偏差,
So I will also go back to my hermitage to find the inner resources to better serve others. 因此我常常独自一人思索,追寻我的内心,来更好的帮助他人。
But on the more global level, what can we do? 在全球范围内,我们能做些什么?
We need three things. 我们需要做好三件事。
Enhancing cooperation: 加强合作:
Cooperative learning in the school instead of competitive learning, 在学校里倡导合作式学习,而不是竞争式学习;
Unconditional 8 cooperation within corporations there can be some competition between corporations, but not within. 在企业里鼓励无条件的合作,企业间可以有竞争,但不是企业内部。
We need sustainable harmony. I love this term. 我们需要持续的和谐,我喜欢这个词。
Not sustainable growth anymore. 不是持续的发展。
Sustainable harmony means now we will reduce inequality. 持续的和谐意味着消除不平等。
In the future, we do more with less, 未来,我们要以少及多,
and we continue to grow qualitatively 9, not quantitatively 10. 追求高质的发展,而不是高量的发展。
We need caring economics. 我们需要充满关爱的经济。
The Homo economicus cannot deal with poverty in the midst of plenty, 守旧的人无法解决贫富不均的问题,
cannot deal with the problem of the common goods of the atmosphere, of the oceans. 无法解决公共福利的问题,无法解决大气和海洋的问题。
We need a caring economics. 我们需要充满关爱的经济。
If you say economics should be compassionate, 如果你说经济应该充满关怀,
they say, That's not our job. 他们会说,这不关我的事。
But if you say they don't care, that looks bad. 你要告诉他们,如果他们不在乎, 看起来很糟。
We need local commitment, global responsibility. 我们不但要对周边履行承诺和责任, 还要着眼整个世界。
We need to extend altruism 11 to the other 1.6 million species. 我们需要把利他精神 传播给其他一百六十万种生物。
Sentient 12 beings are co-citizens in this world. 我们都是一家人。
and we need to dare altruism. 我们要敢于弘扬利他精神。
So, long live the altruistic revolution. 愿利他精神得以恩泽天下。
Viva la revoluci贸n de altruismo. 愿利他精神得以恩泽天下。
Thank you. 谢谢。
n.熟虑,(尤指宗教的)默想,沉思,(pl.)冥想录
- This peaceful garden lends itself to meditation.这个恬静的花园适于冥想。
- I'm sorry to interrupt your meditation.很抱歉,我打断了你的沉思。
adj.构造的,组织的,建筑(用)的
- The storm caused no structural damage.风暴没有造成建筑结构方面的破坏。
- The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities.北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。
adj.感激,感谢
- I have expressed the depth of my gratitude to him.我向他表示了深切的谢意。
- She could not help her tears of gratitude rolling down her face.她感激的泪珠禁不住沿着面颊流了下来。
n.介入,干涉,干预
- The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
- Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。
adj.无私的,为他人着想的
- It is superficial to be altruistic without feeling compassion.无慈悲之心却说利他,是为表面。
- Altruistic spirit should be cultivated by us vigorously.利他的精神是我们应该努力培养的。
n.遗传因子,基因
- A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
- The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
n.基因( gene的名词复数 )
- You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因,所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪
adj.无条件的,无限制的,绝对的
- The victorious army demanded unconditional surrender.胜方要求敌人无条件投降。
- My love for all my children is unconditional.我对自己所有孩子的爱都是无条件的。
质量上
- In other words, you are to analyze them quantitatively and qualitatively. 换句话说,你们要对它们进行量和质的分析。
- Electric charge may be detected qualitatively by sprinkling or blowing indicating powders. 静电荷可以用撒布指示粉剂的方法,予以探测。
adv.数量上
- With the ease, radiation detectors can be used semi-quantitatively in the field. 使用射线探测器可以很方便地进行野外半定量测定。 来自辞典例句
- In other words, you are to analyze them quantitatively and qualitatively. 换句话说,你们要对它们进行量和质的分析。 来自辞典例句
n.利他主义,不自私
- An important feature of moral behaviour is altruism.道德行为一个重要特点就是利他主义。
- Altruism is crucial for social cohesion.利他主义对社会的凝聚是至关重要的。
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