2008年ESL之餐饮 03 Describing the Taste of Food
时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:2008年ESL之餐饮娱乐
03 Describing the Taste of Food
that is – a phrase used to introduce new information, or to provide additionalinformation about something* Melissa always thought that it would be fun to live alone, that is, until she had tostart paying her own bills.
bland 2 – without very much flavor; dull and uninteresting* The salad is very bland if you don’t pour enough salad dressing 3 onto it.
lumpy – with small, hard, solid pieces floating in a liquid* The hot chocolate will be lumpy if you don’t stir in the powder well enough.
delicious – tasty; with a very good taste; flavorful* We ate some delicious lemon pie for dessert.
flavor – the way that something tastes; the distinct 4 taste of a certain type of food* Vanilla 5 is her favorite flavor, and she puts it in almost everything she bakes.
salty – with the taste of something that has a lot of salt in it* The chips were very salty and they made us thirsty!
spicy 6 – with a strong, hot taste that seems to burn one’s tongue even if thetemperature is not hot* Mexican food from some parts of the country uses lots of spicy jalape?opeppers.
overcooked – cooked too much; dry and/or burnt from having been cooked withtoo much heat and/or for too much time* The pie was overcooked and black on the bottom.
raw – uncooked; not cooked* I never thought I would like to eat raw fish, but I love sushi!
texture 7 – the way that the surface of something feels when one touches it* This cotton blanket has a smooth, soft texture, but that wool blanket has arough texture.
bite – the volume of food that one tears off with one’s silverware or teeth andputs into one’s mouth at one time* Rafael took a huge bite of his hot dog and almost choked!
sweet – with the taste of something that has a lot of sugar in it* Lynn likes to drink very sweet tea, and usually puts three or four teaspoons 8 ofsugar into her teacup.
sour – with the taste of something that has a lot of lemon or unripe 9 fruit in it* This lemonade is too sour! We need to put more sugar in it.
taste buds 10 – the small areas on one’s tongue that let one know what somethingtastes like* After his illness, he didn’t enjoy eating as much because he had lost a lot of his taste buds and he couldn’t taste his food as well as before.
yummy – delicious; tasty; nice to eat* Those cookies are really yummy! May I please have another one?
it’s the thought that counts – a phrase used to mean that intentions are moreimportant than the results of one’s actions; a phrase used to mean that what aperson meant to do is more important than what he or she actually did* I tried to get you a reservation at your favorite restaurant for your birthday, butthere weren’t any tables available. But it’s the thought that counts, right?
COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. What is Elaine’s opinion about the soup?
a) It has very little flavor.
b) It has a smooth texture.
c) It is very tasty.
2. How did Elaine feel at the end of the meal?
a) She hated having to eat Steve’s food.
b) She thought it was nice of him to have cooked for her.
c) She thought that all the food was very yummy.
______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?
rawThe word “raw,” in this podcast, means not cooked: “Did you know that you canget sick if you eat raw chicken?” The word “raw” is also used to talk about things that have not been processed and are still in their natural state: “This country imports raw materials and exports finished products.” When talking aboutemotions, the word “raw” means something that is not controlled or limited: “Heglared at her with raw anger that made her feel frightened.” When talking aboutinformation, the word “raw” is used to talk about numbers or other types of datathat have not yet been organized or analyzed 11: “The Hubble telescope sends rawdata to NASA, where programmers try to understand what it all means.”
biteIn this podcast, the word “bite” means the volume of food that one tears off withone’s silverware or teeth and puts into one’s mouth at one time: “Here, try a biteof this pasta – it’s delicious!” A “bite” can also be any strong, pleasant flavor:
“This casserole has a nice bite to it.” Sometimes a “bite” is a strong feeling ofbeing cold: “That wind has a nasty 12 bite, so be sure to wear a heavy jacket.” Inother contexts 13, a “bite” is something that makes something very powerful oreffective: “The new law puts a bite into the government’s efforts to reduce druguse.” Finally, a “bite” can be an injury made by the mouth of an animal or insect:
“Quincy got at least 20 mosquito bites when they went camping last weekend,and now they’re all red and itching 14.”
CULTURE NOTEOne of the great pleasures of eating is appreciating the flavors and textures 15 ofdifferent foods. As discussed in this podcast, foods can be bland or “flavorful”
(with many strong flavors). Flavorful foods can be salty, sweet, spicy, sour,“tangy” (having a sharp taste, like lemons or other acidic foods), or “bitter”
(having a strong, unpleasant taste like that of coffee or dark beer).
Regarding textures, many foods are “crunchy” (making a loud noise whencrushed between one’s teeth), like carrots and toast. Other foods are “chewy”
(needing to be moved between one’s teeth many times before they can bebroken into smaller pieces and swallowed), like caramel candies. Meats areoften “tender” (very soft and easy to cut and chew) or “tough” (difficult to cut andchew). Thick sauces and “spreads” (things that are put onto other things in a thinlayer), like peanut butter, can be “chunky” (lumpy, or with many small pieces) or“smooth” (with a consistent 16 texture).
Many people like “home-cooked” foods that taste like the foods their mothers used to make. Other people prefer “gourmet” foods that are very fancy andprepared by professional “chefs” (cooks). Recently “ethnic foods” (foods fromother cultures) have become increasingly popular. People in a hurry, however,often prefer “fast food” (food prepared very quickly in restaurants, and ofteneaten while one is driving) or “processed foods” (manufactured foods).
“Food scientists” (people who create new foods in laboratories) and “flavorists”
(people who specialize in creating flavors) spend a lot of time developing newflavors and textures for processed foods. They use many “natural flavors,” whichare “derived” (taken from) natural foods, and “artificial flavors,” which are derivedfrom chemicals, to create new food products that people will like. They also usemany natural and artificial colors to make foods more attractive.
______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – a; 2 – b
COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 353: Describing theTaste of Food.
This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 17 353. I’m your host, Dr.
Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.
You can visit our website at eslpod.com. While you’re there, take a look at ourESL Podcast Store that contains several premium 18 courses on business andpersonal English I think you’ll be interested in.
This episode is called “Describing the Taste of Food.” It’s a dialogue betweenSteve and Elaine, where Elaine is going to talk about what she really thinks ofSteve’s food, and also what she actually says to Steve – they’re not the same. Let’s listen.
[start of story]
Steve, my new boyfriend, decided 19 to cook dinner for me. I was really excited,that is, until I tried his cooking.
Steve: What do you think of the soup?
I thought: This is so bland, and what are these little lumpy things in the soup? Of course I didn’t say that aloud.
Elaine: It’s delicious. It has a very interesting flavor.
When Steve served the main course, a baked chicken, he asked,Steve: What do you think of the chicken? Is it too salty or spicy?
I thought: Yes! It’s too salty and it’s so spicy I can hardly eat it without breathingfire. The outside of the chicken is overcooked and the inside is raw! But outloud, I said,Elaine: No, not at all! It has an interesting texture and I’m enjoying every bite.
I thought: Oh, no. Is there more? Steve went into the kitchen and broughtdessert.
Steve: What do you think of this cake? I thought: This cake should be sweet, but it has a strange sour taste. Couldthere be something seriously wrong with Steve’s taste buds? But aloud, I said,Elaine: It’s yummy. It’s the best cake that anyone has ever made for me. And it was true. I didn’t care how bad the meal was. It’s the thought that counts.
[end of story]
Our story begins with Elaine saying that Steve, her new boyfriend – I’m not surehow many boyfriends Elaine has had – is going to cook dinner for her. She says she’s “really excited, that is, until I tried his cooking.” “That is” is a phrase we useto introduce additional information, usually new information. It would be possiblefor Elaine to say, “I was really excited until I tried his cooking.” The reason sheuses “that is” is it creates sort of a pause – a stop, a break – because what she’s going to say next is sort of funny; it’s different, it’s the opposite, really, of the firstpart of the sentence. So, she says, “I was really excited, that is, until I tried his cooking.”
Steve asks what Elaine thinks of the soup, and Elaine tells us what she really thinks in her own mind. She’s not saying this to Steve, she’s just telling us, thelisteners. She says, “I thought, ‘This soup is so bland.’” Something that is “bland” (bland) doesn’t have very much flavor; it’s dull, it’s uninteresting. Todescribe food as “bland” means it doesn’t taste like anything very specifically; itdoesn’t have a lot of flavor. She also says, “what are these little lumpy things inthe soup?” “Lumpy” (lumpy) is an adjective; it comes from the word “lump”
(lump), which is usually a small, hard ball that you find in some sort of liquid,especially for soup. “Lumpy,” then, is not a good adjective; it’s usually considered a negative thing.
Elaine, out loud, says to Steve, “It’s delicious.” So, she’s doing what millions ofpeople do when someone asks them how their food is and it doesn’t taste very well, they lie. She says, “It’s delicious,” meaning it’s very flavorful, it’s very tasty – it has a very good taste. She then says, “It has a very interesting flavor.” A“flavor” is the way that something tastes; it’s the specific taste of a food. Theexpression “interesting flavor” is sort of a joke; when someone says “it’s interesting,” that usually means they don’t like it but they don’t want to tell youthey don’t like it.
Steve then served the main course – the main part of the meal, which was abaked chicken. He asks Elaine, “What do you think of the chicken? Is it too salty or spicy?” Something that is “salty” (salty) – comes from the word “salt” – itmeans having a lot of salt in it, usually too much salt. “Spicy” is something that is hot, something that causes a burning or a hot “sensation,” or feeling, in yourmouth when you eat it. Peppers and chilies 20 are spicy.
Elaine says, once again to us, not to Steve, “Yes! It’s too salty and it’s so spicy that I can hardly eat it (I can barely 21 eat it) without breathing fire.” To say you “canhardly do something” means it’s very difficult; you can almost not do it. “Tobreathe fire” is a joke, meaning the food is so hot – so spicy – it’s like she had firein her mouth. She says, “The outside of the chicken was overcooked (meaning itwas cooked too much), and the inside was raw” (raw), meaning not cooked. “Raw” is the opposite of “cooked.” “Raw” has a couple of different meanings;take a look at our Learning Guide for some more explanations.
Once again, Elaine tells us which she thinks, but then she says somethingdifferent to her boyfriend Steve. She says, “No, not at all,” meaning it’s not toosalty or spicy. “It has an interesting texture and I’m enjoying every bite.” Onceagain, notice the use of the word “interesting” here, because she doesn’t want to“criticize,” or say something negative to Steve about his cooking. The “texture”
(texture) of cooked food would be the way that it feels on the outside. We usethis word, “texture,” for all sorts of materials. You can talk about a shirt, forexample, that has a certain texture – a certain feel. When you put your hand onit, it has a certain feel to it. Food, also, can have a certain texture.
Elaine says she’s “enjoying every bite” (bite). A “bite” is the amount of food thatyou can put in your mouth to eat at one time, usually a small amount of food. She says she’s “enjoying every bite,” every piece of food that she’s eating. Thenshe says to us, “Is there more?” meaning she doesn’t want any more. Steve comes out with dessert, and asks her what she thinks of the cake that he’s made. Elaine says to us the “cake should be sweet, but it has a strange sourtaste. “Sweet” is the opposite of “sour,” it’s a way of describing the way something tastes. Usually, something that is sweet has a lot of sugar, orsomething that is like sugar in it. “Sour” is something that has a lot of lemon, forexample, or some other fruit in it; it’s the opposite taste of sweet. There is a typeof Chinese cooking in the United States called “sweet and sour,” it’s acombination of both of these tastes, or at least that’s the idea.
So the cake, and most desserts, should be sweet, but this one is sour. “Couldthere be something seriously wrong with Steve’s taste buds,” Elaine asks. Your “taste buds” (buds) are the small areas on your tongue that allow you to knowwhat the taste of something is. It’s the part of your tongue that gives you theability to taste something – your “taste buds.” She’s saying is there somethingwrong with his tongue – is there something with his body that he doesn’t tastethings that are not very good? Once again, that’s what she says to us, but to Steve she says, about the cake,“It’s yummy” (yummy). “Yummy” is another term meaning tasty, delicious, very good to eat. She says, “It’s the best cake anyone has ever made for me.” Sheends the story saying, “And it was true. I didn’t care how bad the meal was. It’s the thought that counts.” This is an expression we use, “it’s the thought thatcounts,” to mean that our intentions are more important than our actions. It’s aphrase that expresses the idea that what a person means to do is more importantthan what he or she actually did. So if someone gives you a gift, and you don’tlike the gift, you say to yourself “it’s the thought that counts,” meaning it was theidea that the person gave you a gift – wanted to give something nice to you thatis important, not the actual gift itself – except when that gift is money!
Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.
[start of story]
Steve, my new boyfriend, decided to cook dinner for me. I was really excited,that is, until I tried his cooking.
Steve: What do you think of the soup?
I thought: This is so bland, and what are these little lumpy things in the soup? Of course I didn’t say that aloud.
Elaine: It’s delicious. It has a very interesting flavor.
When Steve served the main course, a baked chicken, he asked,Steve: What do you think of the chicken? Is it too salty or spicy?
I thought: Yes! It’s too salty and it’s so spicy I can hardly eat it without breathingfire. The outside of the chicken is overcooked and the inside is raw! But outloud, I said,Elaine: No, not at all! It has an interesting texture and I’m enjoying every bite.
I thought: Oh, no. Is there more? Steve went into the kitchen and broughtdessert. Steve: What do you think of this cake? I thought: This cake should be sweet, but it has a strange sour taste. Couldthere be something seriously wrong with Steve’s taste buds? But aloud, I said,Elaine: It’s yummy. It’s the best cake that anyone has ever made for me. And it was true. I didn’t care how bad the meal was. It’s the thought that counts.
[end of story]
The script for this episode was written by the sweet Dr. Lucy Tse. From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thanks for listening. We’ll seeyou next time on ESL Podcast.
English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse,hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan. This podcast is copyright 2008.
- The text is supplemented by an adequate glossary.正文附有一个详细的词汇表。
- For convenience,we have also provided a glossary in an appendix.为了方便,我们在附录中也提供了术语表。
- He eats bland food because of his stomach trouble.他因胃病而吃清淡的食物。
- This soup is too bland for me.这汤我喝起来偏淡。
- Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。
- The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。
- I had the distinct impression that I was being followed.我清楚地感觉到有人跟踪我。
- The party split into two distinct groups.该党分裂成两个截然不同的团体。
- He used to love milk flavoured with vanilla.他过去常爱喝带香草味的牛奶。
- I added a dollop of vanilla ice-cream to the pie.我在馅饼里加了一块香草冰激凌。
- The soup tasted mildly spicy.汤尝起来略有点辣。
- Very spicy food doesn't suit her stomach.太辣的东西她吃了胃不舒服。
- We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
- Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。
- Add two teaspoons of salt. 加两小匙盐。
- Add 3 heaped teaspoons of sugar. 加满满的三匙糖。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I was only ill once and that came of eating an unripe pear.我唯一一次生病是因为吃了未熟的梨。
- Half of the apples are unripe.一半的苹果不熟。
- the first buds appearing in spring 春天的初芽
- Willow trees breaking out into buds foretell the coming of spring. 柳枝绽青报春来。
- The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程,因为对他来说,爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- She got a nasty knock on the head when she fell.她跌倒时头部受到严重碰撞。
- When this material burns,it flings off a nasty smell.这种物质燃烧时发出一股难闻的气味。
- Even seemingly innocuous words are offensive in certain contexts. 甚至看似毫无恶意的言辞在某些语境下都会引起冒犯。
- Handheld devices are used in a variety of specific contexts. 手持设备会用在各种各样的具体情境下。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
- The itching was almost more than he could stand. 他痒得几乎忍不住了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- My nose is itching. 我的鼻子发痒。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- I'm crazy about fabrics textures and colors and designs. 我喜欢各式各样的纺织物--对它的质地,色彩到花纹图案--简直是入了迷。 来自辞典例句
- Let me clear up the point about the textures. 让我明确了一点有关的纹理。 来自互联网
- He has been a consistent friend to the Chinese people.他是中国人民始终如一的朋友。
- His action is always consistent with his words.他始终言行一致。
- The episode was a huge embarrassment for all concerned.这段小插曲令所有有关人员都感到非常尴尬。
- This episode remains sharply engraved on my mind.这段经历至今仍深深地铭刻在我的心中。
- You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
- Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
- This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
- There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。