时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
american baptist conventions
antidissolution
Apiezon oil
aya
body-centred tetragonal structure
canete
Catskill Delta
center distrubance
channel section steel
charge exchange spectrum
client's adjusting entries
climate routing
Codonopsis lanceolata
colossic
concave-concave
convergent control
coordinate repression
counter gas amplification
courtby
craftmanship
crt beam penetration
cube per order index (coi)
cut-off characteristics
cyberanarchist
DC moment motor
debiting
deflector piston
dick face
distorted element
ductus hemithoracicus
economic investment
edge planting
egg crated
Fudithion
Garret reel
gas water scrubber
go at a gallop
Good Faith Defense
graduated hopper-charging
group product
high-speed computing machine
hornbeak
Howard Hawks
impregnabilities
injustly
insolubles
intercalated plate
intergrated emulation
international geophysical year (igy)
Japanese stock chart
Jorissenne's sign
lab rat
large down payments
lathyrus maritimuss
letterize
live up to sth
marriage counselling
microdons
misrenders
moringatannic acid
multiwall
nitrobenzoate
orangequat
ordered resource usage
palaeologies
panifice
petalo-
phenolic birch laminate
phenoval
phycophytes
play ... for
promoter action
pumpcrete
put ... on the backburner
r-man
reduce waste
residentura
Rosa bracteata
royalty bidding
run ahead of one's reckoning
search target
self-fluxed iron ore
sensualness
sentence constituent
silver yellow
speedfreak
spend time doing
spraying treatment
staff assessment
sub-rents
subject card
Tecto
testificators
tiao and box's approach
to close
total error corrector
traverse shortening
unnarrated
vector-cardiograph
winding mouldboard
without kindness
zorinsky