时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
acanthuruss
acaso
acculturation
activated petroleum coke
air cavalry
anti-Rossi circuit
area of woods
Bardaale
Bayimli
biophysical
bitter chocolates
bluejean
briefman
cambell
camshaft grinding machine
capitals of south africa
cashbooks
cell body
Charles Darwin
CHIONIDAE
control the purse strings
corona tube
cost basis of accounting
cylinder-liner maintenance
cypionates
data processing cycler
debridings
degrading punishment
differential micrometer dial
differential rent
dreamy state
drilling fluid pot
electroenterograph
electronic industry
expertizing
explosion-proof luminaire
extrabronchial
fibrils
figulus curvicornis
fire control car
Franklin antenna
free market rate
geotope
Google that
hear through the grapevine
Homalium laoticum
in-situ test
Japanese umbrella pine
Kahror
keratose cuticle
land diameter
landline charge
lane indication
ligamenta ulnocarpeum palmare
limited information maximum likelihood method
low voltage fuse element
mammillate
Marsh Arab
maternal plant
measurement of ship for tonnage
monostable blocking oscillator
nitsch
nondepositional hiatus
oblique cutting edge
Osian
ownerships
parping
peach aldehyde
phrygian deities
pilot operated solenoid valve
position welding
proving
quantum speciation
raised colors
ribbon marker
rotating amplifier
rvib
saddlepoint approximation
sardinianite(sardiniane)
screen bank
self-serve station
Shantung green
siderosis conjunctivae
sift program
single brake shoe
soil mineralogy
sol-
spendful
starting-handle
sterile mycelium
sternocostal joints
studio audiences
support oneself or one's family
surface marker
telemetry (tm)
thin prism
translation dictionaries
TTL
unproselyted
varicectomy
warp bridge
wood species