时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
adrenalin chloride
air-lift pump
anbury
anti-classical
aortic thrill
automatic floor-stop operation
autophagic lysosome
bearleys
binasuan (philippines)
biorthogonality relations
borrow and loan contract
capital deficiency
casement
Charente
Chloraseptic
cobbies
code switching
coefficient of cross elasticity
colored pellets
conflict of laws
conjugacy equivalence class
cutter location data
dactylitic
DDRs
differential gear adder
dlh
elastic collision
family Ephemeridae
feelbad
financescape
flood stricken area
forehatch
forest steppe zone
Forsstroemia
fully killed steel
goodhew
grid neutrodyne method
hebephyllus
homology segment
horizontal attachment
humpies
hydraulic overload device
integral density of states
lath frame
linear slit
loss of working substance
maximum conditions
mechanical bildge block
metaknowledge
metallic standard
ministrator
monotonous work
mounting size
multivariable feedback design
Nansena, Ostrov
non-hydraulic lime
noncovariant
Oboyan'
optical network performance
osterwald
p-phenylacetophenone benzoate
padding bath
parallel middlebody length
parkersburgs
Pelican Rapids
Peloponnesos
phonograph disk
piarachnoid
plasma wave
pogrow
polydisk
Prostal
quarter-twist belt drive
Radio Caroline
retouch varnish
Rhodes scholar
right zero divisor
right-ons
risk tolerance
Roosevelt Island
roulin
saltates
Scourge of God
senomycin
shore protection engineering
sisterfuckers
spectroscopic element
spheroid geodesy
spiritual being
square-cutting
St-Lunaire, B.de
straightaways
teefed
There is no probability of
three-lens objective
transwritten
tripod collar
upper-crust
Vitry-le-Francois
wavelength measuring equipment
wobbled