时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
2-methylmalic acid
acid proof coating
adjusted elevation
afret
african-owned
amebiasis of lung
anode holder
argent-vive
azimuth of attack
B-virus
background modulation noise
beam with free ends
bow-hand
bravia
bulk print
chain-type divider
check bit column
code Justinian
congenital ventricular septal defect
continuous discrete hybrid system model
crucible carrier
cultured fishes
cytoskeletons
Dalby's carminative
dependent-time measuring relay
deracemized
determining alternative course
distolaterally
duff hygrometer
easternisation
EN-1733A
Eukalyptusblatter
exception principle of management
extra queue element
fixed bulwark
forest vegetation
fully automatic drawing in machine
gambreling
generator armature
geodetic earth orbiting satellite
geta
grodier
ground pea
helps out
homotypic division
hydrogen-cooled compensator
information firms
ingeneer
Jeffo
La Moille
Lahnau
Madame de Maintenon
massage parlorists
maxi-mini system
measured backspace
merga
Minuartia kashmirica
moving target detection system
nap-one-way spread
nause
no-mar
normal osmosis
Ob.D
odd-even rule
oldham-gutenberg discontinuity
optical diffraction velocimeter
panlogistic
pantropic virus
Paraflex wire rope
party engineering
past light cone
paulinoes
Percival Lowell
pick resume the thread
pico-sievert
piston connecting link pin
plaguey
polymeric thickener
properly divergent
radar command guidance
radial electrostatic field analyzer
recoilless gun
reificatory
reporting year
second pain
seragon
short-term index
single core barrel
spermatocyte
storage cell
successional portion
symbolic programming
Tajin-dong
tintamar
total ash
Trading Arcade
uninvestigable
unsettleable
water methanol injection
well-farmed
X-radiation thickness meter
z-cars