时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
acid curd
active sintered bar
al haniyah
al qadarif (gedaref )
ammonium vanadium sulfate
amplitude-modulated
annular seal
armourists
aryl sulfatase
associating input
automatic replacer
Bundeswehr
burn-out indicator
comite international des poids et mesures (cipm)
computation laboratory
confidence allowance
Congo Canyon
crystallinity by density measurement
cyclotropin
declare type and size
defuze
dentography
dramatic arts
Durlach
emperished
ex-gi
excursionizing
faba-
fastusinine
forward momentum
fresh water mud
friction-twist draw-texturing machine
fris
fuel tanker
gastro-enteritis
giltest
glass film plate
high-energy-rate forming
hydrazine injection
hydrogen intake from air gap
injector torch
installment payment
isobaric heat(ing) effect
isorhamnonose
jackarse
lecanorchis subpelorica
linear restriction
macropterous
mammooda
marine zoology
meijes
mirror
multifunction peripheral
multiroll crusher
naked truth
net cash investment
nient
noncompact
oblique cleft
Ochiishi-misaki
oncootic
other long-term investments
Pearlweed
performings
phraortes formosanus
process map
pseudowax
pterocarpuss
put it baldly
real part condition
receiver of remote-control sytem
repingtons
rib of piston
ridge lines
rural credit association
Self-Employment Tax
sensor glove
setipafant
significant others
single sheave metal block
skillicorn
sleeper respacing
slope of ways
Southwest Indian
special analog system
spilters
split tax
stamps
stemmaticss
stomping ground
streamhandling
submersibles
syntonise
theoretical point of frag
tongue-tying
transition current
travel and entertainment
unstudious
Verdalsφra
wagon static load
yes-man, yesmen
Zernez