时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
absconded swarm
ACQSIM
alepes vari
American radio service
anticipatory staffing
appropriation reserve
apron area
atefs
auditor's remuneration
Ban Pak Kham
baranyai-dombsag hills
bistable network
boarding(-)card
Cameraria
carrier band
cell-culture
cetyl?lanolyl acetate
charge coupled device sun sensor
circular milling device
compulsory verification
cottoning to
divots
Ease up!
electronic coupling
Eriophyes
Ethiopian paradise
European bullheads
expansion alloy
extraction valve
fertilizational
forure
front-hall
fused protection
holding box
Imazu
imborsation
in consternation
individual death
insert number
intraseasonal oscillation
irone
isoelectric focusing
Jayapura
juvenile fibromatosis
Kolyshley
levitus
local streets
mabrey
memory data ready
menalgia
metal runner
moment-curvature relationship
musculus zygomaticus
Neo-Collargol
noncatholics
ordering instruction
organ-pipe
parthenogenesis (owen 1849)
pay a bribe to someone
permings
Persian Gulf War
pit frames
polyzwitterions
posterior risk
preoval
product diversification
progressive tax rate on excess earnings
prohibition duty
prothrombotic
qualitative characteristics
rain glass
record of work
Renner Springs
right-hand mill
roadroller
rolling section of hump
routivarite
safty fairway
self incrimination
sign for point operation
single ionization
siwidi
superficial thrombophlebitis of anterior chest wall
superventions
swedebasher
target electromagnetic signature
toothcombing
traditional export commodity
trail distance
treadle operated rice thresher
Trilmar
twired
unhives
unperspiring
up-and-running
uphilted
urinant
vagal eminence
vo2
world-title
writing time
z-axes