时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
a man of character
a-shipboard
anemometer with stopwatch
argid
automatic combustion regulation
back.
backhead
ball and chain
bamboo fibre
beat off
cabinet pile
calhoon
cargo worthy
channel iron (v-iron)
Charlestown Navy Yard
Chart Wizard
cirrolite
clearence account
coarse pitch gear
concrete intelligence
condescension
critical sampling mass
cut-off test
cyberkids
d-train
deserpidien
docking protein
downy ground cherry
drug-resistant strains
elephantiasis
elixir aromaticum rubrum
entropy chart
Epidihydrochlolesterin
equal-resistance branch circuit
fashion out of
feedsystem
food-factor
fuel load
FYI,f.y.i.
Genouillac
get the hammer down
gimp thread
guaiasanol
HBR
heartrate
heises
help function
idiopathic detachment of choroid
immoulds
incompleteline
interlobular incisions
intracartilaginous ossification
jeradas
Jubileo
junction of metal for pipes
land ours
list of authorised signatures
locational clearance fit
magnetostrictive reaction
meature
millionnaire
nonactic
nonnumeric
nontime
North American Newspaper Alliance
Ocate
offset area
paraphyle
pebbledashed
permiso
phaeographina quassiicola
portrayable
prefabricated parts
pseudocercospora gymnopetali
quest about for
radio fixing aid
regain
Regulus regulus
remanent elongation
safety mercury pipette
secondary levee
semi-simple variety
shars
short spar
siemens-martin furnace
simpathin
skahs
start-stop telegraph
sub-critical centrifuge
subject of the formula
suffumige
the u.s.a.
therfor
thermometer sounding
thiolates
triply primitive lattice
Udi-Nsukka Plat.
violation of signal
Wafania
whole compund
wrongdom