时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
absent on a tour
Almarza
apparent solubility product
audobon
bar bigha
barium orthoborate
bartered bride
bewitching
biospheric
bridge formation
calorify
cawthons
cholera enterotoxin
collacin
continental embankment basin
copper lactate
Corcovado
cracked kernel
cyclopiazonic
dating subroutine
dendroica coronatas
desargues
detsky
dioxazine violet
dribble block
dry-rotting
duplex-bearing
Elatostema longibracteatum
electromagnetic feedback type generator
elliptical scanning
fitness-club
frequency directing
general telegraph service
geological
geomorphometric
gunner's store
Hppler (rolling ball)viscosimeter
hyperpax
hypo solution
hysteretic properties
incorporable
information (in information processing)
initial cooling
ironsides
issue-information
joint airborne training
joruri
Kennelly-heaviside
kettle soap
Lemsid
length backwater
lift sb. out of the rut
lithographic plate
lower side band
meadowvale
mean collision frequency
microfabrications
Momakha
Mondorf
muglet
Mulayjah
natural-color television
nitroglucose
no-tax
non-standard explosion prevention device
nthdifferential
omega-6 fatty acids
optical spectrometry
out-slide
overtime payment
paraneural infiltration
phyllanthus embergeri
physical distribution program
place an order for sth. with
posited
positive-edge
potential dam failures
presentation system
pressure-recording system
primitive magma
psychological anthropology
quietlike
radio uranium
raw water pumps
reformatives
relative bone conduction
rhumb line bearing
rigid-bodies
shiverers
silencer boiler
sillago asiatica
siphonopoda
ski-mask
spheric shell
square error asymptotic efficiency
Suigām
tabloidism
taukei
technoweenie
tsun
waist-to-waist transport
wave velocity