SSS 2012-08-15
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(八)月
英语课
This is scientific American sixty seconds science. I'm Ian Chant. Got a minute?
Having a kid changes everything from your sleep schedule to the statues of that formerly 1 spare room. The stable of bacteria that living in women's gut 2 is also transformed when their host becomes pregnant. So finds research in the Journal Cell.
The study looked at women in Finland. The women's microbe makeup 3 changed dramatically between the first and third trimesters. The array of microbes in the gut went from looking normal in the first three month of a pregnancy 4 to resembling what's found in patients suffering from metabolic 5 disease in last three. But some of the symptoms of that condition, like weight gain and slower sugar metabolism 6 can be beneficial to pregnant women, supporting energy storage that helps a fetus 7 develop. Other symptoms, like inflammation, demonstrate that the immune system is functioning properly as a pregnancy comes to term. Scientists don't yet fully 8 understand what brings about the changes in gut bacteria. Immune function is a suspect, but factors like hormonal 9 signals aren't ruled out. The research suggests that other change to the body, like puberty or old age, could also bring about microbial make-overs.
1 formerly
adv.从前，以前
- We now enjoy these comforts of which formerly we had only heard.我们现在享受到了过去只是听说过的那些舒适条件。
- This boat was formerly used on the rivers of China.这船从前航行在中国内河里。
2 gut
n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏
- It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
- My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。
3 makeup
n.组织；性格；化装品
- Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
- Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗？
4 pregnancy
n.怀孕，怀孕期
- Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
- Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
5 metabolic
adj.新陈代谢的
- Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
- A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。
6 metabolism
n.新陈代谢
- After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。
- All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。
7 fetus
n.胎，胎儿
- In the fetus,blood cells are formed in different sites at different ages.胎儿的血细胞在不同时期生成在不同的部位。
- No one knows why a fetus is not automatically rejected by the mother's immune system. 没有人知道为什么母亲的免疫系统不会自动排斥胎儿。