SSS 2012-08-22
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(八)月
英语课
This is scientific American sixty seconds science. I'm Christopher Intagliata. Got a minute?
Camouflage 1 face paint can make a soldier invisible to enemy in eyes. But it won't shield him from the shearing 2 heat of a roadside bomb, a lethal 3 eleven hundred degrees Fahrenheit 4. And the greases and oils in the makeup 5 just add fuel to the fire, essentially 6 cooking the soldier's face. But researchers have come up with a safer, heat-blocking alternative, presented in this week at a meeting of the American Chemical Society.
Conventional camo paint has tiny nano particles of pigment 7, they are great at reflecting visible light which is why the paint looks green or black or tan. But the particles don't reflect longer wavelengths 8 like heat. To do that, you need larger globs of pigment. So researchers bundled together a bunch of those smaller particles into chunks 9 the size of grains of sand, large enough for heat rays to bounce right off. And it swapped 10 out the grease for silicone which adds smoothest and spreadability to cosmetics 11, but won't catch fire. Under a blowtorch, the new camo paint can block out heat for fifteen seconds, long enough to weather a bomb blast and keep soldiers cool in the heat battle.
1 camouflage
n./v.掩饰，伪装
- The white fur of the polar bear is a natural camouflage.北极熊身上的白色的浓密软毛是一种天然的伪装。
- The animal's markings provide effective camouflage.这种动物身上的斑纹是很有效的伪装。
2 shearing
n.剪羊毛，剪取的羊毛v.剪羊毛( shear的现在分词 )；切断；剪切
- The farmer is shearing his sheep. 那农夫正在给他的羊剪毛。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The result of this shearing force is to push the endoplasm forward. 这种剪切力作用的结果是推动内质向前。 来自辞典例句
3 lethal
adj.致死的；毁灭性的
- A hammer can be a lethal weapon.铁锤可以是致命的武器。
- She took a lethal amount of poison and died.她服了致命剂量的毒药死了。
4 Fahrenheit
n./adj.华氏温度；华氏温度计(的)
- He was asked for the boiling point of water in Fahrenheit.他被问到水的沸点是华氏多少度。
- The thermometer reads 80 degrees Fahrenheit.寒暑表指出华氏80度。
5 makeup
n.组织；性格；化装品
- Those who failed the exam take a makeup exam.这次考试不及格的人必须参加补考。
- Do you think her beauty could makeup for her stupidity?你认为她的美丽能弥补她的愚蠢吗？
6 essentially
adv.本质上，实质上，基本上
- Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
- She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
7 pigment
n.天然色素，干粉颜料
- The Romans used natural pigments on their fabrics and walls.古罗马人在织物和墙壁上使用天然颜料。
- Who thought he might know what the skin pigment phenomenon meant.他自认为可能知道皮肤色素出现这种现象到底是怎么回事。
8 wavelengths
n.波长( wavelength的名词复数 )；具有相同的/不同的思路；合拍；不合拍
- I find him difficult to talk to—we're on completely different wavelengths. 我没法和他谈话，因为我们俩完全不对路。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Sunlight consists of different wavelengths of radiation. 阳光由几种不同波长的射线组成。 来自辞典例句
9 chunks
厚厚的一块( chunk的名词复数 )； （某物）相当大的数量或部分
- a tin of pineapple chunks 一罐菠萝块
- Those chunks of meat are rather large—could you chop them up a bIt'smaller? 这些肉块相当大，还能再切小一点吗？