科学美国人60秒 SSS 坏音频会伤害科学家的可信度

Bad Audio Can Hurt a Scientist's Credibility

In the era of fake news, it's worth remembering: the medium is the message. For example: psychological studies have shown that text that's hard to read is more likely to be deemed untrue. Now a study suggests that when radio shows interview guests over bad phone lines, listeners might discount the credibility of a speaker?and her work.

在假新闻时代，值得记住的是：媒介就是信息。例如：心理学研究表明，难以阅读的文本，更可能被认为是不真实的。现在有一项研究表明，当广播节目通过糟糕的电话线路来采访客人时，听众可能会贬低发言人的可信度以及她的工作。

"We find, over and over again, that the easier something is to process, the more likely you are to assume that it's true. And the more compelling you find it." Norbert Schwarzis a social and cognitive 1 psychologist at the University of Southern California?who readily agreed to record himself in a higher quality format 2 for this story than we'd get by recording 3 his phone line.

“我们一遍又一遍地发现，这处理起来越容易，你就越有可能认为它是真的，而且你发现它更有吸引力。”南加州大学的社会和认知心理学家Norbert Schwarzis说，谁愿意以比我们通过录制他的电话号码，所获得的更高质量的格式，录制自己的故事。

Schwarz and his collaborator 4 Eryn Newman asked 99 volunteers to listen to an interview about genetics on the public radio program Science Friday. One recording was presented in normal phone quality. But the other was tampered 5 with, to cut its quality even more: Hard to hear, and less compelling.

Schwarz和他的合作者Eryn Newman要求99名志愿者，在周五的公共电台节目Science上，听取关于遗传学的采访，以普通电话质量呈现一个记录： 但是另一个被篡改过来，以进一步降低其质量： 这很难听到，也不那么引人注目。

"In the condition where the audio quality is less good, same researcher—saying the exact same thing—it's the same basic clip, is evaluated as being less qualified 6, being less good, being less convincing. And the message is assumed to reflect less important research. So basically, if your audio is not good, it hurts both your own credibility and the perceived quality of the research."

“在音质不太好的情况下，同一位研究人员，说同一件事，以同样的基本剪辑来制作，被评价为不合格、不太好、不太令人信服，并且该信息被认为反映较少。因此基本上，如果你的音频不好，它会损害你自己的可信度和研究质量。“

The researchers got similar results on a second experiment, using audio from talks delivered at scientific conference. The findings are in the journal Science Communication.

研究人员在第二次实验中，得到了类似的结果，使用科学会议上发表的讲话中的音频。该研究结果发表在“科学传播”杂志上。

Schwarz has obvious advice for audio producers, and their subjects: "Whenever you can, you should really try to get your interviewees at a good mic with a very good line. And as the interviewee it's really in your interest to look for a good connection."

Schwarz对音频制作人及其主题提出了明显的建议：“只要你能做到，你就应该真的试着，让你的受访者用一个非常好的线路，在一个很好的麦克风上，而作为受访者，寻找一个良好的连接，真的很有利于你哦”。

Here's one more reason to record higher quality interviews: volunteers were less likely to share lower-quality interviews on social media. A place where it's already hard enough to be heard above the noise.

这里有更多的理由，来记录更高质量的访谈：志愿者不太可能在社交媒体上，分享质量较低的访谈。这个地方已经很难听到噪音了。