时间:2018-12-19 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   在官方指南中,讲座内容的分类可以说是非常明确了,一共四个大类:


  · Arts
  · Life Science
  · Physical Science
  · Social Science
  为了让小盆友们更准确了解每类的涵盖范围,我们在每一类中列举TPO 讲座来具体说明:
  Social Science 社会科学
  √介绍某一business method和其应用(需考虑的问题)
  √介绍一种心理现象和产生的原因
  一种心理现象及其合理解释TPO10 L4/Psychology
  · 提出possible explanations for childhood amnesia 1(健忘症)
  · 详细解释其中一种explanation - Piaget’s theory of cognitive 2 development - young children can't symbolically 3 represent objects and events 即是因为没有语言能力
  · 介绍 memory tests, which proves that young children can recall,又介绍有实验证明recall和language development之间没有关系
  · 最后提出childhood amnesia真正的原因是 the rate of forgetting
  介绍一种marketing 4方法及其使用方法TPO26L1/Advertising 5
  · 提出green marketing 概念
  · green marketing 也要遵循传统marketing 的方法
  · 举例 one green marketing campaign 先失败后成功的原因
  · 总结 green marketing should be valid 6 on all dimensions 即 extreme green company
  介绍一种advertising plan 及其考虑方面TPO11L4/Business
  · 提出要有systematic 7 advertising plan
  · 分别列举Four Ms - Market, Media, Money, Message 重要性及考虑方法
  · 举例Soup Shop, 用Four Ms来进行评价
  Arts 人文科学
  √介绍某一artist和其作品特点/social influence(常常涉及与其他艺术家比较)
  √介绍某一时期某种art的发展历史(总结TPO发现往往强调women的改变或影响)
  介绍一位artist 及其作品TPO1L1/Contemporary Art
  · 介绍Rose Frantzen及其风格Realistic Impressionism
  · 分别列举可以体现Frantzen Realistic/Impressionism的作品
  · 结尾mention Rose Frantzen的life story
  介绍art world of Paris in the late 19th centuryTPO8 L2/Art History
  · art classes available for women
  · good competition in class for women
  · better achievements of women insalon
  介绍一位film-makerPL及其作品特点TPO3L2/Film History
  · unique hybrid 8 of styles
  · underwater film-making,focusing on the aquatic 9 animal world
  · 学生提出另一个film-maker 也focus underwater, 老师比较两个maker的difference
  · 学生提出问题,为什么PL不为人所知,老师解答原因
  介绍musician 在movie 中的工作和其发展TPO22L4/Music History
  · 教授提出musician 开始在movie theater 工作
  · 教授提出 music in movie 不一定和电影本身correspond, 并进一步解释 music were not specially 10 written for a particular movie
  · new sound systems 出现之后给这些movie musician 造成的影响
  介绍piano 对European music 和society的影响TPO16 L2/Music History
  · 介绍percussive 11 effect of little hammers 对pianist/composer/performer的影响
  · piano 的social impact (women)
  Life Science 生命科学
  √介绍one species的特点/special behavior以及形成的原因
  √比较两种species的不同特点/behavior以及产生difference的原因
  √介绍关于某种species演变的证据(中间会有inconsistency)
  比较two marmot species的不同behavior TPO1L4/Biology
  · 教授提出marmot的特点,并指出两种species - eastern/Olympic marmot
  · 介绍eastern marmot的行为,并解释growing season
  · 教授提出两种species 的不同行为,eastern marmot don't need to stay as family to survive
  · 最后用Olympic marmot的行为进行对比
  介绍one species of oak 的特点及造成的原因TPO6L2/Biology
  · 教授提出Nightcap Oak的两个特点:rare and the origin of trees
  · 教授提出问题:rare和reproduce 的原因
  · 学生回答是seed dispersal,教授肯定
  · 教授进一步指出原因是 Nightcap Oak 无法spread well,但是good at maintaining itself
  介绍some fossil discoveries of whales evolution TPO10 L1/Marine Biology
  · 教授提出whales 如何从land creature演变到ocean dweller 12 还是mystery
  · 教授举了3个最近的fossil discovery, 但并不能completely solve the mystery
  · 又列举了DNA 13证明 whales是hippopotamus的后代,和之前的evidence是矛盾的
  · 最后又列举了一个DNA research中体现的矛盾
  介绍animals怎样make decisions evolution TPO16 L3/ Biology
  · 教授提出 behavior是a matter of natural selection
  · 列举foraging 14 behavior among beavers 16, 描述beaver 15在选择过程中的two critical issues
  · 最后指出不是conscious behavior, 而是the behavior has evolved over time
  Physical Science 自然科学
  √介绍某一自然现象(Geology/Astronomy/Ecology)及其产生的原因(往往会有不同的观点来比较)
  √介绍动植物和生存环境间的相互影响
  介绍关于moving rocks的theory TPO4 L3/ Geology
  · 教授首先提出是wind造成了moving rocks, 并且是wind combined with rain
  · 提出另一种可能 - ice
  · 提出other possibilities
  · 指出现在无法确定是哪种theory,并告诉学生should address geology from a wider perspective
  介绍asteroid 17 belt的发现过程 TPO2 L4/ Astronomy
  · 教授罗列了两组数
  · 将其中一组数与planet对应,会发现有一个数并没有与之对应的planet
  · 随后科学家根据missing number 发现了 Uranus 18
  · Uranus 距离太阳的位置not perfect,所以科学家又发现了Ceres, 也就是asteroid
  介绍climate changes caused by human using lands TPO11 L3/ Environmental Science
  · 提出human develop lands之后会带来一些changes, 并且接下来要讨论 climate change
  · 列举Florida,farmers move south之后,原来不会freeze 的land现在很容易freeze
  · 教授指出产生这一现象的原因是water, water 让气温变低了
  介绍solar energy 和solutions to overcome gathering 19 difficulty TPO12 L4/ Environmental Science
  · 教授提出太阳能难利用的原因- solar energy is quite diffused 20
  · 指出19世纪初太阳能销售不好是因为其他能源的竞争,比如oil and natural gas
  · 指出1970年左右太阳能不受欢迎,是因为其他能源的价格下降
  · 教授又提出克服gather solar energy difficulty的方法,指出active system和passive system的概念
  介绍interdependence in ecosystem 21 TPO13 L2/ Ecology
  · 教授引导学生描述beaver的生存环境- wetlands, groundwater
  · 提出如果没有beaver, 环境会发生改变,no running stream, fewer wetlands
  · 学生提出after Europeans came to North America, beaver减少,随之带来的环境以及diversity减少
  · 教授引出keystone species 概念,beaver is a keystone species to the ecosystem.
  介绍一种ancient Greeks的理论和不一样的观点TPO21 L1/ Astronomy
  · 提出ancient Greeks believe 地球是宇宙中心,及这种看法的形成原因
  · 指出当ancient Greeks这种理论与observation不同时,他们也没有改变看法
  · However,也有一些astronomers不认为地球是宇宙中心,列举Aristarchu
  · 指出对这些少部分人的观点,ancient Greeks 持反对态度,列举Aristarchu的two objections
  好了,终于看到了最后!相信通过本篇文章,大家对托福听力的内容涵盖有了全面了解,下次做听力,不要再害怕了哦!

1 amnesia
n.健忘症,健忘
  • People suffering from amnesia don't forget their general knowledge of objects.患健忘症的人不会忘记关于物体的一些基本知识。
  • Chinese medicine experts developed a way to treat amnesia using marine materials.中国医学专家研制出用海洋物质治疗遗忘症的方法。
2 cognitive
adj.认知的,认识的,有感知的
  • As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大,他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
  • The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。
3 symbolically
ad.象征地,象征性地
  • By wearing the ring on the third finger of the left hand, a married couple symbolically declares their eternal love for each other. 将婚戒戴在左手的第三只手指上,意味着夫妻双方象征性地宣告他们的爱情天长地久,他们定能白头偕老。
  • Symbolically, he coughed to clear his throat. 周经理象征地咳一声无谓的嗽,清清嗓子。
4 marketing
n.行销,在市场的买卖,买东西
  • They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
  • He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。
5 advertising
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
6 valid
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
7 systematic
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的
  • The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
  • The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。
8 hybrid
n.(动,植)杂种,混合物
  • That is a hybrid perpetual rose.那是一株杂交的四季开花的蔷薇。
  • The hybrid was tall,handsome,and intelligent.那混血儿高大、英俊、又聪明。
9 aquatic
adj.水生的,水栖的
  • Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
  • We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。
10 specially
adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地
  • They are specially packaged so that they stack easily.它们经过特别包装以便于堆放。
  • The machine was designed specially for demolishing old buildings.这种机器是专为拆毁旧楼房而设计的。
11 percussive
adj.敲击的
  • When it is dragged over pliant areas, an additional percussive tap could indicate this collision. 当它被拖到受范区域时,一个附加的敲击声提示这种碰触。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • Pneumatic DTH (Down-The-Hole) hammer is one of main pneumatic percussive-rotary drilling equipments. 风动冲击器是气动冲击回转钻进的主要设备之一。 来自互联网
12 dweller
n.居住者,住客
  • Both city and town dweller should pay tax.城镇居民都需要纳税。
  • The city dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort.城市居民从未经历过这种担忧。
13 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
14 foraging
v.搜寻(食物),尤指动物觅(食)( forage的现在分词 );(尤指用手)搜寻(东西)
  • They eke out a precarious existence foraging in rubbish dumps. 他们靠在垃圾场捡垃圾维持着朝不保夕的生活。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The campers went foraging for wood to make a fire. 露营者去搜寻柴木点火。 来自辞典例句
15 beaver
n.海狸,河狸
  • The hat is made of beaver.这顶帽子是海狸毛皮制的。
  • A beaver is an animals with big front teeth.海狸是一种长着大门牙的动物。
16 beavers
海狸( beaver的名词复数 ); 海狸皮毛; 棕灰色; 拼命工作的人
  • In 1928 some porpoises were photographed working like beavers to push ashore a waterlogged mattress. 1928年有人把这些海豚象海狸那样把一床浸泡了水的褥垫推上岸时的情景拍摄了下来。
  • Thus do the beavers, thus do the bees, thus do men. 海狸是这样做的,蜜蜂是这样做的,人也是这样做的。
17 asteroid
n.小行星;海盘车(动物)
  • Astronomers have yet to witness an asteroid impact with another planet.天文学家还没有目击过小行星撞击其它行星。
  • It's very unlikely that an asteroid will crash into Earth but the danger exists.小行星撞地球的可能性很小,但这样的危险还是存在的。
18 Uranus
n.天王星
  • Uranus is unusual because it is tilted.天王星非常特殊,因为它是倾斜的。
  • Uranus represents sudden change and rebellion.天王星代表突然性的改变和反叛。
19 gathering
n.集会,聚会,聚集
  • He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
  • He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。
20 diffused
散布的,普及的,扩散的
  • A drop of milk diffused in the water. 一滴牛奶在水中扩散开来。
  • Gases and liquids diffused. 气体和液体慢慢混合了。
21 ecosystem
n.生态系统
  • This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
  • We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。
标签: 托福听力
学英语单词
A-Hi
angular bracket
arteria temporalis posteriors
Bakuny
Banaz Ovasι
Bavarian State Picture Galleries
be hooked up with
betterment tax
bioaccumulated limestone
Brucioli, Antonio
bubs
butyrophilin
Carex egena
case cover
cathodic sputtering
colorado spruces
congenital defect
continuous games
crewmember
crossbands
defraud the revenue
Dhiffushi
diazol
discorsive
effective anisotropy
english systems
eructator
eserobine
femes
fender anti squeak
four-constraint fit
free arc
genial angle
genus fasciolas
gymnocytode
headlight high beam filament
heating grade natural gas
high-speed machine tool
hilf
hydraulic control non-return valve
hypertrichiasis
interregional transportation
intravenous(IV)block
large scale magnetic field in galaxies
Last Mountain L.
lechfelds
Ligularia tenuicaulis
ltr-ltr
Luschka's crypts
ma nishtana
make way over the ground
Marrān
Mennonite Church
minor surgeries
monogatari
nondeterministic finite state recognizer
nuwss
off-set wave
pathshalas
peri-naphthindene
plexipaves
polygenist
polymer medicine
poodding
position fix
preuniversity
prodders
provide tilth to a soil
recellularized
roboform
secondary dat
secretory gland cell
senns
set someone back
shape straighten
stack register
staging posts
standing pulley
Strategic sale
strip an atom
strontium secondary phosphate
subprogram return point
suppression pool headers
suwe
symptomatic anthrax
tank design
the pinks
time-serving
Tranquilizing Liver-wind Decoction
transglycosylates
tukal
unaddressable storage
unbosom yourselves
uni-versal address administration
vacillations
virtual community of consumption
virtual-realities
warranty condition
window sash section
woodiphora (woodiphora) orientalis
work center load analysis detail
yarn printing