TED演讲 第13期:如何看到不可见的运动听到沉默的声音(1)

 So over the past few centuries, microscopes have revolutionized our world.  过去的几个世纪，显微镜改变了世界。

They revealed to us a tiny world of objects, life and structures that are too small for us to see with our naked eyes.  它揭示了肉眼难以看到的物体，生命和结构的微观世界。
They are a tremendous contribution to science and technology.  它对科技进步做出了巨大的贡献。
Today I'd like to introduce you to a new type of microscope,  今天我要向您介绍一类新型显微镜，
a microscope for changes.  观察变化的显微镜。
It doesn't use optics like a regular microscope to make small objects bigger,  它不是通常所说的光学显微镜可以放大微小物体，
but instead it uses a video camera and image processing to reveal to us the tiniest motions and color changes in objects and people, 它利用视频摄像机和图像处理来揭示物体和人的微小的颜色和运动变化，
changes that are impossible for us to see with our naked eyes.  这些变化是光凭肉眼难以分辨的。
And it lets us look at our world in a completely new way.  它可以让我们以全新角度看世界。
So what do I mean by color changes?  我所说的颜色变化是什么意思呢？
Our skin, for example, changes its color very slightly when the blood flows under it. 举例来说，我们的皮肤，当血液流动时皮肤表面的颜色有微弱变化。
That change is incredibly subtle,  变化十分微小，
which is why, when you look at other people,  小到当你观察坐在
when you look at the person sitting next to you,  你身边的人的时候，
you don't see their skin or their face changing color.  你不能看到他脸上皮肤的颜色变化。
When we look at this video of Steve here, it appears to us like a static picture,  我们看看史蒂夫的这段视频，看上去好像是静态图片，
but once we look at this video through our new, special microscope,  但是一旦我们通过我们新的、特别的显微镜看这段视频，
suddenly we see a completely different image.  我们会看到完全不同的影像。
What you see here are small changes in the color of Steve's skin,  您在这里看到的是史蒂夫皮肤颜色微小变化
magnified 100 times so that they become visible.  放大100倍之后的肉眼可见的效果。
We can actually see a human pulse.  我们可以明确的看到人体的脉搏。
We can see how fast Steve's heart is beating,  我们可以看到史蒂夫心脏跳动得多快，
but we can also see the actual way that the blood flows in his face.  我们还可以明确地看到血液是如何流经史蒂夫脸部的。
And we can do that not just to visualize 1 the pulse,  我们不仅可以看到脉搏，
but also to actually recover our heart rates,  还可以推测心跳速率，
and measure our heart rates.  得到我们心跳速率。
And we can do it with regular cameras and without touching 2 the patients.  我们可以通过常用摄像机，不需碰触病人就可以实现。
So here you see the pulse and heart rate we extracted from a neonatal baby from a video we took with a regular DSLR camera,  这里您可以看到我们提取的新生儿宝宝的脉搏和心跳速率这是从常规数码单反相机视频中提取的，
and the heart rate measurement we get is as accurate as the one you'd get with a standard monitor in a hospital.  我们测出的心率和医院监测器测出的一样精确。
And it doesn't even have to be a video we recorded.  而且我们的软件甚至不需要我们自己专门拍摄的视频。
We can do it essentially 3 with other videos as well.  我们可以对其他视频作同样处理。
So I just took a short clip from Batman Begins here just to show Christian 4 Bale's pulse.  这是我截取《蝙蝠侠：侠影之谜》的一小段片断显示演员克里斯蒂安贝尔的脉搏。
And you know, presumably he's wearing makeup,  你知道，他应该是化了妆了，
the lighting 5 here is kind of challenging,  灯光也是挑战，
but still, just from the video, we're able to extract his pulse and show it quite well.  但是我们同样从这段视频中提取到了他的脉搏演示效果不错。
So how do we do all that? 我们是如何做到的呢？