时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   如果动词原形末尾单个辅音字母前面的元音只有一个字母,而且重读,那么原形末尾的单个辅音字母,在加-ing和-ed时要双拼:


  bar~’barring~’barred
  beg~’begging~begged
  oc’cur~oc’curing~oc’curred
  per’mit~per’mitting~per’mitted
  pa’trol~pa’trolling~pa’trolled
  如果前面的元音:不重读(’enter~’entering~’entered.’visit~’visiting~’visited),或是由两个字母拼写而成dread~dreading~
  dreaded),则原形末尾的单个辅音字母通常不双拼。
  有些原形末尾的辅音字母,即使它前面的元音不重读,也要双拼。在下列情况下:双拼在英国英语中是正常的,而在英国英语中,原形末尾的辅音字母可双拼,也可不双拼,不过习惯上更倾向于不双拼:
  1、以非重读原因+-l结尾的动词:
  ‘travelling’travelled(英国英语和美国英语)
  ‘travel ‘traveling’traveled(中用于美国英语)
  类似的还有:’cancer,’counsel,’dial,’model,’signal等词。
  2、以非重读元音+-m(me)结尾的动词:
  ‘program(me)’programming’programmed(英国英语和美国英语);
  ‘program ‘programing ‘programed(只用于美国英语)
  3、一些以非重读元音+-P结尾的动词:
  ‘worshipping ‘worshipped(英语英语和美国英语)
  ‘worship ’worshiping ‘worshipped(只用于美国英语)
  动词handicap和kidnap也遵循worship的拼写规则。然而,不论在英国英语中还是在美国英语中,大部分以非重读元音+-P结尾的动词不要双拼:
  de’velop~de’veloping~de’veloped,’gallop~’galloping~’galloped,’gossip~’gossiping~’gossiped等。
  4、以非重读元音+-g结尾的动词:
  ’humbug’humbugging’humbugged
  但是,请注意(美国英语)’catalog~’cataloging~’cataloged.
  (e)在以元音+-c结尾的动词中,原形末尾的辅音字母的双拼拼成
  -ck:
  ’panic’panicking’panicked
  ’traffic’trafficking’trafficked
  类似的有:frolic,’bivouac等词。
  5、在某些以元音+-s结尾的动词原形中,在加动词后缀时,有-s-和-ss-两种形式:
  ’bias’biasing/’biassing ‘biased/’biassed
  bus’busing/’bussingbused/bussed
  ’focus’focuing/’focussing’focused/’focussed
  注意
  1、像PLAY(~playing~played)和ROW(~rowing~rowed)那样的动词,末尾辅音不双拼,这是因为在这些词中,-y和-w不算作辅音字母,而算作双元音拼法的一部分(-ay,-ow)。
  2、像E’QUIP(~e’quipping~e’quipped)和AC’QUIT(~ac’quitting~ac’quitted)那样的词,末尾辅音要双拼,因为u在这里算作辅音拼法-qu-的一部分,而不算作一个元音。
  3、字母-x从不双拼,因为它代表/ks/这两个辅音:fix~fixing~fixed等。
  4、原形末尾不发音的辅音字母不双拼:crochet/-ei/~crocheting~crocteted;hurrah/-n:/~hurrahing~hurrahed.
  5、在加以元音开始的派生后缀时,一般也遵循上述双拼规则。
  6、不存在’catalogged~’catalogging的拼法,因为和美国英语CATALOG相应的英国英语拼法是catalogue~cataloguing~catalogued。
  7、罕见的例外情形是arc~arc(k)ing~arc(k)ed,因为也可以不加k。
  8、动词BENEFIT有时(尤其在美国英语中)既有规则的拼法形benefiting~benefited,又有不规则的辅音字母双拼形式(benefitting~benefitted)。

标签: 英语语法
学英语单词
a luck miss
A-20968
a.g.e
alkali formate
arrenurus shih
artificial additive
bennie
bifurcately
biled shirt, boiled shirt
bolts from the blue
brade
branches of tail of caudate nucleus
car rider
centroscyllium kamoharai
climatic diagnosis
cone of order 2
conrady
creeper fowl
cut myself
direct lashing method
direly
donzel
eburnations
ethylenediamine-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid
eugeanticlinal ridge
fail-safe facility
fiveheads
fortunella japonicas
free field stress
fucknuckle
get inside your head
gingus
gledigenin
GMC (gross maximum capacity)
go on errands
gypsy scholar
hagiotherapy
harmonic majorant function
hold the phone
homothetic work-hardening
In college I majored in science
jactatio capitis nocturna
jellylike mass of nitroglycerin
kinematic parameter
komatsuna
lactic acid bacillus
lending flat
letterpress ink
loop phase angle
mancude-ring system
manifold of excited state
melainotype
metallophthalocyanine
metrogaines
minicities
molten salt bath
Monar, Loch
mythologizing
natoli
Necessity has no law
nonprojecting
Novamide
noviceoperator
now you mention it
optimize paging
Orel', Gora
organa sensoria
oversoftly
parasitic antnna
play dumb
predator-prey oscillation
pressure-cabin aircraft
protoplasmator
reconstitution
requirements specification language
ridge-arc transform fault
right of fishing
saturated absorption peak
schleider
second-level domains
self-plugging rivet
Senecio liangshanensis
sesame flower
Slipher, Vesto Melvin
sulfahydryl enzyme
sulfonic acid bromide
superconductor of the second kind
synformal anticline
Tafanajit
tank mounted trailer
the three unities
third rail collection
transcendental functions
tussah cloth
unemployment compensation board
vacuum diaphragm unit
vacuum handling
vorty
War on Want
warble fly pest
whiteyed
winter jasmines