时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   如果动词原形末尾单个辅音字母前面的元音只有一个字母,而且重读,那么原形末尾的单个辅音字母,在加-ing和-ed时要双拼:


  bar~’barring~’barred
  beg~’begging~begged
  oc’cur~oc’curing~oc’curred
  per’mit~per’mitting~per’mitted
  pa’trol~pa’trolling~pa’trolled
  如果前面的元音:不重读(’enter~’entering~’entered.’visit~’visiting~’visited),或是由两个字母拼写而成dread~dreading~
  dreaded),则原形末尾的单个辅音字母通常不双拼。
  有些原形末尾的辅音字母,即使它前面的元音不重读,也要双拼。在下列情况下:双拼在英国英语中是正常的,而在英国英语中,原形末尾的辅音字母可双拼,也可不双拼,不过习惯上更倾向于不双拼:
  1、以非重读原因+-l结尾的动词:
  ‘travelling’travelled(英国英语和美国英语)
  ‘travel ‘traveling’traveled(中用于美国英语)
  类似的还有:’cancer,’counsel,’dial,’model,’signal等词。
  2、以非重读元音+-m(me)结尾的动词:
  ‘program(me)’programming’programmed(英国英语和美国英语);
  ‘program ‘programing ‘programed(只用于美国英语)
  3、一些以非重读元音+-P结尾的动词:
  ‘worshipping ‘worshipped(英语英语和美国英语)
  ‘worship ’worshiping ‘worshipped(只用于美国英语)
  动词handicap和kidnap也遵循worship的拼写规则。然而,不论在英国英语中还是在美国英语中,大部分以非重读元音+-P结尾的动词不要双拼:
  de’velop~de’veloping~de’veloped,’gallop~’galloping~’galloped,’gossip~’gossiping~’gossiped等。
  4、以非重读元音+-g结尾的动词:
  ’humbug’humbugging’humbugged
  但是,请注意(美国英语)’catalog~’cataloging~’cataloged.
  (e)在以元音+-c结尾的动词中,原形末尾的辅音字母的双拼拼成
  -ck:
  ’panic’panicking’panicked
  ’traffic’trafficking’trafficked
  类似的有:frolic,’bivouac等词。
  5、在某些以元音+-s结尾的动词原形中,在加动词后缀时,有-s-和-ss-两种形式:
  ’bias’biasing/’biassing ‘biased/’biassed
  bus’busing/’bussingbused/bussed
  ’focus’focuing/’focussing’focused/’focussed
  注意
  1、像PLAY(~playing~played)和ROW(~rowing~rowed)那样的动词,末尾辅音不双拼,这是因为在这些词中,-y和-w不算作辅音字母,而算作双元音拼法的一部分(-ay,-ow)。
  2、像E’QUIP(~e’quipping~e’quipped)和AC’QUIT(~ac’quitting~ac’quitted)那样的词,末尾辅音要双拼,因为u在这里算作辅音拼法-qu-的一部分,而不算作一个元音。
  3、字母-x从不双拼,因为它代表/ks/这两个辅音:fix~fixing~fixed等。
  4、原形末尾不发音的辅音字母不双拼:crochet/-ei/~crocheting~crocteted;hurrah/-n:/~hurrahing~hurrahed.
  5、在加以元音开始的派生后缀时,一般也遵循上述双拼规则。
  6、不存在’catalogged~’catalogging的拼法,因为和美国英语CATALOG相应的英国英语拼法是catalogue~cataloguing~catalogued。
  7、罕见的例外情形是arc~arc(k)ing~arc(k)ed,因为也可以不加k。
  8、动词BENEFIT有时(尤其在美国英语中)既有规则的拼法形benefiting~benefited,又有不规则的辅音字母双拼形式(benefitting~benefitted)。

标签: 英语语法
学英语单词
acrospires
Actinastrum
adenylate energy charge
agri
ANHIST
anisylethylmethylamine
asbmt
ballot against
banawi
bankrupt director
Bartter syndrome
baseworks
batavia twill
be well
belted plain
Bruce,Robert (the)
bussetoes
calcium selenide
camarota
car allowance
caryophylloid dicot genus
centris
Chamomilla vulgaris
childbearing
colour revolution
combination roller
confused stage
craniocaudally
crocodile spanner
depressionlike
encarpi
eupatrid
fishpole
gas soldering copper
genus Comptonia
Ghazīla, Wādī
great grandmothers
high frequency vibration
homogenous catalyst
hybnickl
implementation of law
interrogation of prisoner
intertidal pool
intravital stain
iravadiid
kenan-flagler
Kollywood
lid-slit (or palpebral fissure)
Lippmann's colour photography
magneto-elastic load cell
main relay
make a bull's-eye
mantee
mesopilous organisms
Mexican-grill
micrometeorologist
municipalizer
national market
neocosmospora vesinfecta e.f. smith
net shaker
nonhomogeneity
notice of compliance with the award
Oranjefontein
Orikum
particular kinds of obligations
Phloretin-Glucosidase
practicalities
pricci
public entrepreneur
public stock
pull a muscle
quasiperiodicorbit
quenching center
radioisotope battery
railroad industry
Rajura
return premium
revolution fluctuation
sarcoptidosis
scientific sampling
sequence of fire
simple format
skimming machine
snap connector
societal values
squirrel cage winding
super-charged
surface active polar
syenite gabbro
taper calculating
tawil
to trice
total alkali consumption
transition sensitive flip-flop
two-bench stripping
UMTA
undetermination
uredo scripi-erecti
wheat-land
Winifreda
Xicotencatl
ydoubled