时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

  1. 不定式的构成


  不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
  不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例):
  主动式
  被动式
  一般式
  to do
  to be done
  完成式
  to have done
  to have been done
  进行式
  to be doing
  完成进行式
  to have been doing
  1) 不定式的一般式
  不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如:
  They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
  He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。
  2) 不定式的完成式
  不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如:
  She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。
  I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
  I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do.
  我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
  It has been an honor 1 for me to have traveled so much in your country.
  对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。
  3) 不定式的进行式
  不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如:
  It’s nice of you to be helping 2 us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。
  He pretended 3 to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。
  We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. 我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。
  4) 不定式的完成进行式
  如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作,就需要用完成进行式。如:
  They are said to have been working in Tibet 4 for 20 years. 据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。
  We are happy to have been helping each other these days. 我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。
  5) 动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如:
  Try not to be late again next time. 尽量下次不要再迟到。
  He wished us never to meet her again. 他希望我们永远不要再见到她。
  6) 疑问词+动词不定式:
  不定式和疑问词whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等动词后面作宾语,有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如:
  On hearing the news, he didn't know whether to laugh or to cry.
  听到这个消息,他不知道该哭还是该笑。
  When to hold the meeting has not decided 5. 什么时候开会还没有决定。
  The most important problem is how to get so much money.
  最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。
  介词后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如:
  Mary gave some advice on how to learn English. 玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
  I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道该怎么做。

1 honor
n.光荣;敬意;荣幸;vt.给…以荣誉;尊敬
  • I take your visit as a great honor.您的来访是我莫大的光荣。
  • It is a great honor to receive that prize.能拿到那个奖是无上的光荣。
2 helping
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
3 pretended
adj.假装的;徒有外表的;传说的;号称的v.假装( pretend的过去式和过去分词 );伪装;(尤指儿童)(在游戏中)装扮;自诩
  • He pretended that resigning was part of his long-term career strategy. 他假装辞职是他长远事业规划的一部分。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He politely pretended not to have heard this remark. 他有礼貌地假装没有听到这句话。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 Tibet
n.西藏
  • It was the year before last that he went to Tibet.他前年去的西藏。
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
5 decided
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
标签: 高二英语
学英语单词
active medium
aeromarine
alcohol acid
anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis
antideps
Aster tataricus L. f.
austers
binagoongan
bordens
british association unit (bau)
bunsen oxyhydrogen gas voltmeter
cat thyme
cerebral ischemia attack
Changhsingian Stage
complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices
computerized transverse axial tomography
dacor
deaf of an ear
deburrs
dogtrots
earhart
eaved
enablement
erwinia edgewothiae (hori et bokura) magrou.
evilnesses
extraction residue
felt dust packing
feralizing
floating bridges
genus Lepidochelys
give somebody the bird
goodenow
granite trough
Graptophyllum pictum
haunch-bone
headdressed
Henry Steinway
iltis
institutive
inviscation
Isoniazon
joson
killings
laral
limiting dilution technique
longest operation rule
lower link point
major pelvis
manure trial
masc
Mexican cypress
Mochou Hu
momordicoside
money card
nitrochloromethanes
no load saturation curve
non miraculous
ochi
Okie
over-promise
pangeometry
Peale, James
Periyār R.
pine to do sth
pluvious
polycondensates
porto novoes
positional codes
preblend
pulsed ejector
rectilinearization
registered commodity dealer
relatively perfect set
Sabbathaism
saladless
saxo grammaticuss
Saxonise
serial music
sharpness of a line
short-tailed shrews
Shpol'skii effect
shreek
single-execution
Sinocrassula techinensis
skip weigher
sodium calciotantite
software-transparent cache
supramandibular
the Immaculate Conception
thingumbob
triangular flag
Trolltind
twin diode
undelicious
unsanction
vaiseys
validity generalization
vow-breaker
wild pitch
wingtip
work for the extinction of
wyson