时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   木耳是一种很常见且美味的食材。“木耳”的翻译方法在网上版本比较多,其中一种比较流行的版本是agaric,但这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中是查不到的,证明这个词是不常用的,就算母语为英语的人也不一定知道。这个翻译有点舍近求远,其实木耳的英文就是wood ear。American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词:A mushroom of the genus Auricularia that grows on fallen tree trunks, used in cooking. Also called cloud ear, tree ear。因此,“木耳”也叫cloud ear或tree ear。


  讨论完木耳,我们索性接着讨论银耳吧。很多地方,包括一些汉英词典都把银耳翻译为tremella,但是,这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中也是查不到的,因为tremella是拉丁语。换句话说,你说tremella,能明白的人将是很少的。语言的主要目的是交流,如果将银耳翻译成tremella,就妨碍了交流,怎么办呢?既然American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词,而且这个词就是中文“木耳”的直译,按照这样的逻辑,银耳就应该译作silver ear。下面我们参考一下维基百科:
  银耳:
  Tremella fuciformis is commonly known as snow fungus 1, silver ear fungus, and white jelly mushroom.
  (来源:Wikipedia,地址为https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremella_fuciformis)
  木耳:
  It is also known as black fungus, black Chinese fungus (or mushroom), wood ear fungus, wood fungus, ear fungus, or tree ear fungus, an allusion 2 to its rubbery ear-shaped growth.
  (来源:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_ear_fungus)
  也就是说,维基百科的翻译比我们刚才讨论的结果统一多了一个fungus(真菌),本蟹认为这样是很好的,能够更加清楚地说明木耳和银耳是一种菌类,避免了理解上的障碍。
  综上所述,本蟹认为木耳和银耳最好的翻译方法是wood ear fungus和silver ear fungus。
  顺便说一下,“银耳汤”翻译为silver ear fungus soup即可。

1 fungus
n.真菌,真菌类植物
  • Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
  • This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
2 allusion
n.暗示,间接提示
  • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
  • She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。
标签: 托福词汇
学英语单词
Abraham's eye
acute nonsuppurative thyroiditis
adaptive differentail pulse code modulation(adpcm)
adianton
adjustment of inventory investment
among themselves
Anopheles costalis
at full blast
autocorrelation
benzoylacetic acid
biliary tree
birdseye maple
broadcast burning
calamen
Captain Cooker
cerores
ceruce
chaotic attractor
checkmates
compass corrector unit
continuous stripping still
correspondencies
cotton shirting
council on wage and price stability
displacement-length ratio
electrochemical reflection spectroscopy
ethyl guthion
expansion test
finish plan
flavius josephuss
flight-path selector
free rider effect
general policy conditions
governor switch
Gribingui
haloaryls
homoaxial
ice-climbs
inches per second
infaust
inner product of hypersphere
intercolumniated
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jet advisory service
job losses
k-edge colorable graph
Kilkenny cats
leminoprazole
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longitudinal shaft
marrow oblong
mawkins
maximum molecular water-holding capacity
Mediterranean anemia
multiple spindle lathe
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non-determinate computation
NWSN
on the town
option-pricing
overhead crane with carrier-beam
paradoxids
Parkin
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poppyseeds
Port twenty!
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Qihu
reagreeing
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scare tactics
sideward roll
siege coin
slacken one's gait
smittinids
South Yellow Sea
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stack air activity release
the equator
thermal structure
tilting viscometer
time about
tintin
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two-sided alternative
up flue
UVF
voltage-controlled crystal oscill-lator
Voskresenovka
Waardenburg syndrome
weber-dimitri disease
white fingers
working electrolyte
YSIGA
zero-point energies