时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   木耳是一种很常见且美味的食材。“木耳”的翻译方法在网上版本比较多,其中一种比较流行的版本是agaric,但这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中是查不到的,证明这个词是不常用的,就算母语为英语的人也不一定知道。这个翻译有点舍近求远,其实木耳的英文就是wood ear。American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词:A mushroom of the genus Auricularia that grows on fallen tree trunks, used in cooking. Also called cloud ear, tree ear。因此,“木耳”也叫cloud ear或tree ear。


  讨论完木耳,我们索性接着讨论银耳吧。很多地方,包括一些汉英词典都把银耳翻译为tremella,但是,这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中也是查不到的,因为tremella是拉丁语。换句话说,你说tremella,能明白的人将是很少的。语言的主要目的是交流,如果将银耳翻译成tremella,就妨碍了交流,怎么办呢?既然American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词,而且这个词就是中文“木耳”的直译,按照这样的逻辑,银耳就应该译作silver ear。下面我们参考一下维基百科:
  银耳:
  Tremella fuciformis is commonly known as snow fungus 1, silver ear fungus, and white jelly mushroom.
  (来源:Wikipedia,地址为https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremella_fuciformis)
  木耳:
  It is also known as black fungus, black Chinese fungus (or mushroom), wood ear fungus, wood fungus, ear fungus, or tree ear fungus, an allusion 2 to its rubbery ear-shaped growth.
  (来源:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_ear_fungus)
  也就是说,维基百科的翻译比我们刚才讨论的结果统一多了一个fungus(真菌),本蟹认为这样是很好的,能够更加清楚地说明木耳和银耳是一种菌类,避免了理解上的障碍。
  综上所述,本蟹认为木耳和银耳最好的翻译方法是wood ear fungus和silver ear fungus。
  顺便说一下,“银耳汤”翻译为silver ear fungus soup即可。

1 fungus
n.真菌,真菌类植物
  • Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
  • This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
2 allusion
n.暗示,间接提示
  • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
  • She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。
标签: 托福词汇
学英语单词
?-opioid
a muster of
acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma
alignment tolerance
aquathenics
automatic low vacuum regulator
barnyard millet
beam deflection system
Beloperone
bondservice
branched pipe distributor
caecotropes
Caryodaphnopsis
churchwardenships
circulation indicator
couronnes
davul
de-stabilizing
deep diving submersible
dicaryotize
dicranopteris dichotoma berth.
docking bridge awning
double promoted catalyst
energy-replacement time
erasing time
exhibit
family Batrachoididae
faunal zone
flux-density threshold
flying test bed
genicide
Gentiana apiata
genus Phalangium
Gomo, Tk.
gone out for
gully control
household-survey
hypovalves
improper priors
indoor garden
integral boiling reactor
international education
ion exchange breakthrough
jackarses
Kayville
Kshen'
Kumamoto-heiya
leadinspiral
legett
maja kominatoensis
mandant
martensitic phase transformation
mealey
mesangial cell
microsubspecies (huxley 1940)
midgies
minework
monostele
Navascreen
nest cell
network with earth-connected neutral point
Ngatea
nodi lymphatici gastrici sinistri
non-careers
oenometers
oil cooled transformator
oldskool
oshun
paspalicine
PETCO2
philosophy of psychology
platinum blacks
polylactic resin
practolol
proctitis ulcerosa
prodevelopment
prove that black is white and white black
rectangular wave guide
response diagram
scattering of proton
sclerozone
shear center
sherven
Sidhaulī
speak for yourself
star-cluster
stare someone out
Suaeda altissima
suffounge
survey motor boat
symptomatize
T-tubule
ta ko
take sb to bosom
Teicha
total eradication
ultimus
united dance merchants of america (udma)
Videocart
Wallis theorem
water pillars
zinkify