时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   木耳是一种很常见且美味的食材。“木耳”的翻译方法在网上版本比较多,其中一种比较流行的版本是agaric,但这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中是查不到的,证明这个词是不常用的,就算母语为英语的人也不一定知道。这个翻译有点舍近求远,其实木耳的英文就是wood ear。American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词:A mushroom of the genus Auricularia that grows on fallen tree trunks, used in cooking. Also called cloud ear, tree ear。因此,“木耳”也叫cloud ear或tree ear。


  讨论完木耳,我们索性接着讨论银耳吧。很多地方,包括一些汉英词典都把银耳翻译为tremella,但是,这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中也是查不到的,因为tremella是拉丁语。换句话说,你说tremella,能明白的人将是很少的。语言的主要目的是交流,如果将银耳翻译成tremella,就妨碍了交流,怎么办呢?既然American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词,而且这个词就是中文“木耳”的直译,按照这样的逻辑,银耳就应该译作silver ear。下面我们参考一下维基百科:
  银耳:
  Tremella fuciformis is commonly known as snow fungus 1, silver ear fungus, and white jelly mushroom.
  (来源:Wikipedia,地址为https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremella_fuciformis)
  木耳:
  It is also known as black fungus, black Chinese fungus (or mushroom), wood ear fungus, wood fungus, ear fungus, or tree ear fungus, an allusion 2 to its rubbery ear-shaped growth.
  (来源:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_ear_fungus)
  也就是说,维基百科的翻译比我们刚才讨论的结果统一多了一个fungus(真菌),本蟹认为这样是很好的,能够更加清楚地说明木耳和银耳是一种菌类,避免了理解上的障碍。
  综上所述,本蟹认为木耳和银耳最好的翻译方法是wood ear fungus和silver ear fungus。
  顺便说一下,“银耳汤”翻译为silver ear fungus soup即可。

1 fungus
n.真菌,真菌类植物
  • Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
  • This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
2 allusion
n.暗示,间接提示
  • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
  • She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。
标签: 托福词汇
学英语单词
4-(2-Bronyloxy)-2-butytene-1-ol
a stroke of
abel's test for uniform convergence
amycetin
Anoectochilus chapaensis
Azithromax
boat-shaped abdomen
centre-tapped
coconut head
conical seal face
control system synthesis
coordinated joint motion
coupled phosphorylation
cryptoplasm
cup lifter
datum speed
dead labour
destil
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dicvanine
diplodiscus japonicus
discharge coil
Einstein-Bohr equation
embryoscopically
extended control program support
Fermi level pinning
footlathe
fossil anomaly
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golden youth
gravity-discharge elevator
H-zone
henni
histamine cephalalgia
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identifier pointer
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maternitywear
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microscope tube
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single-shot tool
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sucrose octoacetate
sulfonic anhydride
swoonest
the Seven Wonders of Ancient World
throw aside
time-varying model
Veblen's theorem
vertical limb
videotape(VT)
whitmires
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zigzag crevasse