时间:2019-03-13 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   几乎在每次托福考试之后,我都可以听到某些同学对着细节题扼腕长叹道:“我怎么这样的题也会错!”是的,我们在上课的时候,反复听着老师一遍遍地说细节题的解题方法,自以为这些方法都早已烂熟于心,但是在做题的过程中却屡屡出错。这是为什么呢?


  要解答这个问题,我们首先就要找到出错的地方,然后对症下药。那么接下来,由新东方在线托福教研中心老师为大家介绍考生经常会出错的地方。这些地方大致可以分为以下三种情况:
  一、不会定位提及定位,恐怕所有的同学都会说定位非常简单。但是,是不是所有同学都可以准确定位,并且高效地完成阅读中的细节题呢?其实不然,我们来看以下这道出自TPO16套的细节题:
  According to paragraph 2, how did Middle Eastern shop owners treat their workers?
  有的同学一看到这个题目,第一反应就是用Middle Eastern shop owners去原文定位,很快可以找到本段的第二句话:Production was generally in the hands of skilled individual artisans doing piecework under the tutelage of a master who was also the shop owner.但是,当我们读过这句话之后,发现它并没有回答前面的问题,于是我们开始纠结。在将这句话反反复复看了好几遍却仍然找不到答案之后,我们才开始继续往下看。有些同学甚至为了寻找答案干脆将整段看一遍。但是,如果大家一开始在定位的时候,用的是shop owner, treat,和workers来定位,大家就很容易就知道这道题是在问shop owner和workers之间的关系,在读原文第二句话时很快就能发现这句话并没有提到任何与关系相关的单词。于是往下寻找和关系有关的词或者句子。我们很快便会看到后面有一个In these shops differences of rank were blurred,也就是说在这些shop里等级区别模糊了。这不正是说明了owner和worker之间的这种等级关系么?因此,不难确定,这句话才是我们要找的答案。
  二、纠结选项在选项上纠结的这类同学,在对文章的定位上一般不存在问题。他们的问题是,在找到原文之后,却觉得几个选项在文章中都出现过,于是一遍遍地再来读文章。这样做既费时费力,又不一定能对。
  对于这些同学,新东方在线托福教研中心老师提醒大家,你们需要谨记的就是“符合原文”四个大字。
  例如TPO2中的一道题,假定通过定位我们已经找到了原文中答案所在的句子:the presence of a fluke1 and blowhole2 cannot disguise their affinities 1 with land dwelling 2 mammals.这道题对应有两个选项:
  A It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
  B It cannot conceal 3 the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
  这时爱纠结的同学们又开始纠结了,两个都说cetaceans是mammals,怎么选?亲爱的同学们,你们首先要搞清楚原文到底说的是什么,是说“暗示”还是说“不能掩盖”?如果是说暗示,那就选a,因为a选项清楚的有一个indicate,如果是说不能掩盖,那就选b, 因为b选项中有一个cannot conceal。
  三、单词量少单词量少是一个困扰绝大多数考生的问题。对于备考托福的同学来说,攻克单词这个难题,只有一个方法-背!在备考期间大家需要大量地背单词。但是,即使我们很努力的去背了单词,依然会在做题的时候碰到一些我们不认识的单词。这个时候,很多同学就会慌了手脚,不知道怎么办才好。其实,一篇文章对我们造成困难的,不是那些人名、地名和专有名词,而是构成我们要理解的这句话的基本结构。因此,如果碰到一句很长的话,里面有一些生单词,大家不要慌张。只要把这句话的结构弄清楚,你就能读懂这句话的大致意思了。这样,所谓的单词也就不再是你的拦路虎了。我们来看一个TPO1 里的句子:
  Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra 4 consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs 5, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses 6 and lichens 7 and some prostrate 8 cushion plants.
  虽然这句话中生僻的词比较多,但是如果我们能够找出句子的主干,那么这句话就会容易很多。整句的主干结构是这样的:adjacent to timberline, the tundra consists of shrubs and grasses and so on, while rise up, the species and diversities will decrease. 同学们只要能读出来这句话的核心意思是“靠近林木线的土地上到处覆盖着灌木和草,而海拔高度提高的时候,物种减少直到出现大片的荒地”,我们就能够理解这个句子。但是理解的前提是,你必须平时要好好的背单词,如果连一些很简单的单词,例如blur,stimulate都不认识,那么建议大家还是在背单词上多下点功夫吧!

n.密切关系( affinity的名词复数 );亲近;(生性)喜爱;类同
  • Cubism had affinities with the new European interest in Jazz. 主体派和欧洲新近的爵士音乐热有密切关系。 来自辞典例句
  • The different isozymes bind calcium ions with different affinities. 不同的同功酶以不同的亲和力与钙离子相结合。 来自辞典例句
n.住宅,住所,寓所
  • Those two men are dwelling with us.那两个人跟我们住在一起。
  • He occupies a three-story dwelling place on the Park Street.他在派克街上有一幢3层楼的寓所。
v.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽
  • He had to conceal his identity to escape the police.为了躲避警方,他只好隐瞒身份。
  • He could hardly conceal his joy at his departure.他几乎掩饰不住临行时的喜悦。
n.苔原,冻土地带
  • The arctic tundra is at the top of the world around the North Pole.北极冻原是指北极点周边的地区,是世界最高的地方。
  • There is a large amount of methane gas under the Siberian tundra.西伯利亚的冻土地带之下有大量的甲烷气体。
灌木( shrub的名词复数 )
  • The gardener spent a complete morning in trimming those two shrubs. 园丁花了整个上午的时间修剪那两处灌木林。
  • These shrubs will need more light to produce flowering shoots. 这些灌木需要更多的光照才能抽出开花的新枝。
n.地衣( lichen的名词复数 )
  • The only plants to be found in Antarctica are algae, mosses, and lichens. 在南极洲所发现的植物只有藻类、苔藓和地衣。 来自辞典例句
  • Litmus: Mixture of coloured organic compounds obtained from several species of lichens. 石蕊:从几种地衣类植物中获取的带色有机化合物的混合物。 来自互联网
v.拜倒,平卧,衰竭;adj.拜倒的,平卧的,衰竭的
  • She was prostrate on the floor.她俯卧在地板上。
  • The Yankees had the South prostrate and they intended to keep It'so.北方佬已经使南方屈服了,他们还打算继续下去。
标签: 托福考试
学英语单词
Abies dayuanensis
aboukir
acetylalisol
acoustic navigation system
acoustical insulation board
alkyl metal
all-against-all
anthracology
anti-deteriorant
betwist-mountain
Bilečko Jezero
biological oceanography
birth-control campaigners
bloodworks
boom mic
bucket blade
Cai Lay
casadei
cheapener
checkrows
Classic Triad
coated bulb
Copsychus
crohn's
cubed
Cutaneo
daisy chained priority mechanism
delivering information
electro-deposit copper
english-based
febris recurrens europaea
flux monitors
gallery kiln
Gaussian equation
genus Gavia
Glengarry Ra.
go to school to sb
hamart-
highest possible key value
irenina hydrangeae
isoetid
Kampinda
land use survey
lead splash condenser
limit register
Lionel Hampton
log-lin
low-lying placenta
mean volume diameter
membrane modulus
metalepses
methyl n-undecyl ketone
methymethacrylate
mid-parent
mist-detection instrument
msstic tests
multi-stage method of washing
natural exhaust
new jack swing
Noikohis
nozzle tube lever block
nun's cloth
offset bulb
oncurable
one-piece casting
open wire link
orthographers
overrulest
Passive portfolio
paste reactor
peak temperature
pervestigation
photorelay
physical distancemeter
pinus longaevas
porphyry shell
precision measurement
preconsign
premixed gas
pulls
ranajit
reference fringe
relieve sb of
Rhododendron megeratum
rivieras
rr. musculares (n. femoralis)
Salfit
saline diuretic
scintillation decay time
silver(II) oxide
soft toys
starvation of processes
steam trap (upright bucket type)
Stegi
Stromatoporoidea
thallations
transparent electrode
triggered response
universal electron microscope
war machines
Warmeriville
Wellerellacea