时间:2019-03-11 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   9月13日,备受关注的国有企业改革(SOE reforms)顶层设计终于落地。中共中央、国务院近日印发了《关于深化国有企业改革的指导意见》(以下简称《意见》)。


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  China will modernize 1 state-owned enterprises (SOEs), enhance state assets management, promote mixed ownership and prevent the erosion of state assets, according to the guideline released by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council. The guideline will be a key framework document to guide and boost SOE reforms.
  中共中央、国务院发布的指导意见指出,我国将完善现代国有企业制度,强化国资管理,发展混合所有制经济并防止国有资产流失。《意见》将成为引导和推动国企改革的关键性架构文件。
  国企改革
  《意见》提出,将国有企业分为商业类(for-profit entities 2)和公益类(those dedicated 3 to public welfare),并实行分类改革、分类发展、分类监管、分类定责、分类考核,推动国有企业同市场经济(market-oriented economy)深入融合。
  以管资本为主推进国有资产监管机构(regulators of State-asset supervision)职能转变。国有资产监管机构要准确把握依法履行出资人职责的定位,科学界定国有资产出资人监管的边界,建立监管权力清单和责任清单,实现以管企业(managing enterprises)为主向以管资本(managing capital)为主的转变。
  The government will improve the competence 4 of SOEs and turn them into fully 5 independent market entities, the guideline said.
  政府将提高国企竞争力,将其打造成完全独立的市场主体。
  作为中国经济支柱(a pillar of the economy)的国企,长期以来更容易获得贷款、更优惠的政策(more favorable policies),在市场中占主体地位,享有大量资源。但在经济衰退过程中(economic slowdown),国企效率却比民营企业缺乏活力(less robust)且效率更为低下(less efficient)。
  Mixed-ownership reform appeared to be the most significant means to improve the efficiency of SOEs.
  混合所有制经济改革似乎成为提高国企效率最重要的手段。
  《意见》强调,对于适宜继续推进混合所有制改革的国有企业,要充分发挥市场机制(market mechanisms)作用,坚持因地施策、因业施策、因企施策,宜独则独、宜控则控、宜参则参,不搞拉郎配,不搞全覆盖,不设时间表(no specific timetable will be set),成熟一个推进一个。
  《意见》指出,鼓励非国有资本投资主体(non-state firms)通过出资入股(buying stakes)、收购股权、认购可转债(convertible bonds from SOEs)、股权置换(conducting share rights swaps 6 with SOEs)等多种方式(multiple ways),参与国有企业改制重组或国有控股企业上市公司增资扩股以及企业经营管理。
  A flexible and market-based salary system will be established. Salaries of SOE employees will be in line with market levels and decided 7 by company performance. SOEs will also hire more professional managers, the guideline said.
  根据《意见》,建立更为灵活、以市场为基础的薪酬制度。国企员工薪酬将与市场水准相吻合,且取决于公司业绩。国企还将聘用更多职业经理人。
  《意见》指出,到2020年,在国有企业改革重要领域和关键环节(key areas)取得决定性成果(major reforms),形成更加符合我国基本经济制度(basic economic system)和社会主义市场经济发展要求的国有资产管理体制(state-owned assets-management system)、现代企业制度、市场化经营机制,国有资本布局结构更趋合理,造就一大批德才兼备、善于经营、充满活力的优秀企业家,培育一大批具有创新能力(creative)和国际竞争力(can face international rivals)的国有骨干企业,国有经济活力、控制力、影响力、抗风险能力明显增强(have greater ability to avoid risks)。

vt.使现代化,使适应现代的需要
  • It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.他们使国家进行工业现代化,明显失败了。
  • There is a pressing need to modernise our electoral system.我们的选举制度迫切需要现代化。
实体对像; 实体,独立存在体,实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )
  • Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
  • The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。
adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的
  • He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
  • His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
n.能力,胜任,称职
  • This mess is a poor reflection on his competence.这种混乱情况说明他难当此任。
  • These are matters within the competence of the court.这些是法院权限以内的事。
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
交换( swap的名词复数 ); 交换物,被掉换者
  • He swaps his old car for a new motorcycle. 他用旧车换了一辆新摩托车。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 口语
  • Swaps the anchor and end points of the current selection. 交换当前所选内容的定位点和结束点。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
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