时间:2019-03-04 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   但在很多时候所谓的对立并不十分明显,甚至非常隐蔽,那么有没有一种方法能够一眼识别两条信息是否存在对立的情况呢?答案是有的,而且使用起来也非常简便。方法就是把两句句子单独列出来,考虑一下这两句话在逻辑上是否有同时成立的可能性。如果没有就选False,而有的话,就选Not Given。就拿上面的例子来说,原文和题目1同时成立的可能性是不具备的,而和题目2却可以同处一隅而共容。现在举两个更典型例子:


  剑IV/G类TestB/2
  题目:On Receipt of your deposit 1, Wessex Cottages will confirm your booking by telephone.
  原文:When we receive your booking form and deposit, your reservation will be confirmed -- we will send you a Booking Confirmation 2, together with advice on how to reach your holiday cottage and the telephone number of a local contact should you require further details on the cottage before leaving home.
  题目说收到存款后,会以电话的形式通知,而原文意思是收到存款后会寄出预定确认函进行告知,乍一看这两句话似乎并不对立,应该选Not Given,但如果我们仔细考察一番原文,得出的结论就完全不同了。按照原文的意思,在收到存款后,确认的唯一方式事实上就是寄发确认函,这一点能够为原文中的那个破折号所印证。原文的意思实际上排除了打电话确认这种方式成立的可能性。因此,两句话是相互对立的,故而选False。
  剑IV/Test 2/12
  题目:National Governments could do more to protect endangered languages.
  原文:Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language.
  此题迷惑性极大。题目和原文两句话看似对立,其实不然。若把两句话单独列出,我们发现它们可以做到同时成立,因为政府尽管在事实上试图消灭少数语言,但并不意味着它不能拯救濒危语言,所以两者并不矛盾,故选Not Given。可以说以上这两个例子是比较能够确切地反映False和Not Given这两者之间差别的。
  另外,做这类题还会碰到一种非常难的情况。那就是题目中关于主题的态度和说明在原文中找不到与之相对应的替换词,或同意表述,这个时候有些考生会轻易选择Not Given。而往往实际情况是,虽然没有相对应的替换词,但我们只要对相关句子乃至段落稍作概括就会发现题目的表述与原文或者相符,或者相反。这里再举一例说明:
  (剑V/TEST1/26)
  题目:Milgram’s experiment solves an important question in sociobiology.
  先定位,通过sociobiology这个词,可以马上找到文章最后一段。句中的主题也都能在原文中找到出处。可接下来,题目中关于是否“解决”一事,文章却未曾提及。但同时我们又发现最后一段的主旨是说实验得出了两个完全不同的解释,而社会生物学研究的问题就是哪一个解释更合理。通过概括我们发现,这个实验不但没有解决问题反而还创造了问题,所以选False。
 

n.定金,存款,矿藏;vt.使沉淀,寄存,储蓄
  • There is too much deposit in a bottle of wine.酒瓶里有太多的沉淀物。
  • The hotel requires a deposit for all advance bookings.旅馆规定凡预订房间都要先付订金。
n.证实,确认,批准
  • We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
  • We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前,我们需要书面确认。
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学英语单词
air-filled pore
alimentary lipemia
aluminum alkoxide
Amanita pantherina
Amblosin
Aurelian Wall
base transport factor
bit string error
Borgia family
bound theorem
Capsian
chained records
Chilca, Pta.
claim supported by the description
combat plane
covert-way
dating method
de-entrainer
defatted and bleaching facility
diameter of screw
double Compton effect
electric monopole
errible
faired
fellow passenger
fiber-saturation point
flux meter
Friends Service Council
frontier set
grimful
grit stratum
hairpieces
hall mobility
high-resolution image sensor
hipwell
inhomogeneous dispersion
intellectual junkfood
jihadising
laver harvester
local authority escalator loan
logical empiricist
major task segment
melatoninergic
microset presetting machine
millifarads
Nimrod, Mt.
No. of plates
nontariff protectionism
nurse cells
Open Office
Ordzhonikidzeabad
ouananiche
outfield player
panoptic, panoptical
passenger zone
Pedicularis cheilanthifolia
physiopathologic
polyurethane pad blanking
production function constraint
prostate-specific antigen
pteridine
putting two and two together
pyttel
radioluminescence
raising-prescriptions
rebounds
regional mark
remote control master switch
removing toxicity for protecting yin
Resplene
rozins
Saurauia punduana
scientific-technical rationality
serioline
small coal
small intestine obstruction
sociable numbers
soft meson technique
spheroidal galaxy
static capacitance
sulci venae umbilicalis
switchsignal
Szentes
tap-hole bar
There are more ways than to kill a cat.
time deposits
transverse laser mode
trimetazidine
TSS file management
two-dimensional communication
tychopotamic
u-b color index
unlegalized
upward welding
uranochalcite
vocational curriculum
Waterborne Business Law
wet magnetic cobber
Windsor Declaration
Woods Hole
wormald
Zamami-jima