时间:2019-03-04 作者:英语课 分类:英语口语


英语课

   网络热词“被时代”的英文说法


  近两年网络上常常出现“被XX”的说法,这种异化的特殊用法的“被”字在网络中相当红火。“被”字俨然成为了热门词汇,甚至有人说现在是“被时代”。
  “被时代”(不妨译为the times of passiveness)的“被”字往往和及物动词连用,比如“被自愿”,这种用法明显带有讽刺意义。有人建议将“被自愿”译成be volunteered,但这样说可能有“经过别人做工作后真的自愿”的意思,不如把volunteer或voluntarily放在引号里,这样以英语为母语的人就可以体会到这种用法体现出来的弱势群体的无奈。
  “被”字的这一用法扩大到了从意思上说不可能“被”的不及物动词和形容词。第一个这样用的是“被就业”( be said to have found jobs),一位大学毕业生在网上发帖爆料说,在他不知情的情况下学校却说已替他签好了就业协议书,目的在于虚报就业率(give a false report of a high frequency of graduates finding jobs)。
  这种用法迅速流行开来,在一定的上下文中加上officially,falsely,deceptively等副词,可以突出弄虚作假的讽刺效果。
  下面这些流行词汇可以这样翻译:
  被自杀 be (officially) presumed to have committed suicide被自然死亡 to have died a natural death
  被失踪 to have disappeared
  被全勤 to have a record of full attendance被幸福 to be happy
  被代表 be said to be represented
  被辞职 be said to have resigned
  被幸福/开心/小康 It is said/presumed that someone is happy / pleased / living a fairly comfortable life等。
  有关“被”的最新实例:
  【他被小贝了。】
  这是网民们根据《蜗居》中主人公小贝的遭遇而创造出来的一种用法,意思是“遭遇和小贝一样的情况”,当然可以解释性地翻译为suffer the same fate as Xiao Bei。
  【女主播自曝被潜规则。】
  “潜规则”是没有明文规定、但大家都得遵守的规则,可以译为unspoken rules或latent rules。“被潜规则”事件说的是一位受害的女性自曝当年为了考上某个竞争激烈的专业的研究生而被迫献身,后来又为了进入电视行业而不得已再次献身的悲剧。“被潜规则”的说法表示出这些女性的无奈,常常是在人事或招生大权者的强迫或暗示下而不得不这样做,即be forced to follow such unspoken dirty practice。
  【国足被出线了。】中国国家足球队在亚洲杯预选赛中被叙利亚队以1比1逼平,只是因为越南队也没有取胜而出线,进入决赛阶段的比赛,大概只能译为China's (national) football team was qualified 1 to enter the finals by sheer luck。
  【人们被高速了。】
  武汉到广州的高速铁路开通后,普通列车减少了许多,人们不得不乘坐票价高得多的高速列车。英语是 People cannot but take high-speed train and have to pay much higher fees。
 

adj.合格的,有资格的,胜任的,有限制的
  • He is qualified as a complete man of letters.他有资格当真正的文学家。
  • We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我们必须看到我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
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