不识托福阅读真面目,只缘生在词山中
英语课
同学们也许经常会发现好不容易背会单词可是做题却没有做对,同学们也会察觉明明选项里有原文的同义表达自己却傻傻没有认出来,同学们还会被单词的近义词或是同词根的相近词的变形蒙在鼓里,这里提到的这些问题时常困扰着大家,那么今天我们就来揭开它的神秘面纱,让大家在题海里游刃有余。
先来举个简单的例子,在阅读篇章当中The guitar, which is also known as the poor man‘s piano, has been cherished by many cultures. 这个句子中选出与这个句子最符合的选项时,大家一定需要注意正确选项Various cultures have enjoyed the guitar.中的同义转换情况。我们一起来看一下究竟在哪里出现了同义情况:1.首先我们需要先提取句子主干,即:The guitarhas been cherished by many cultures. 2.其次我们来看选项中various这个词跟篇章中的many都有“多”的含义,cherish和enjoy都有珍惜享有之意,那么我们就需要格外关注这个选项。3.最后我们发现该选项就是原文的被动句转主动句的同义改写,那么毋庸置疑,答案都应该是那句话的选项。现在我们再来看一道托福题目,Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about early sea otters 1?
于是我们定位到该题目的文章所在处However, unlike the cases of sea otters and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, and walruses 2, whose limbs are functional 3 both on land and at sea), it is not easy to envision what the first whales looked like. 1.首先我们要把逻辑理清楚,unlike A , it is not easy to do B,这样一来,不像A,做B是B不是简单的,那么,显而易见做A应该是简单的。2.其次我们看envision这个词,-vis-词根决定这个词有“看”的含义,en-前缀表明它的使动用法,因此在不认识这个词的时候我们可以大概猜测它是“使…看见”。3.那么我们可知,选项大致为“不容易看见它们的样子”。最后进行比对,这个It is not difficult to imagine what they looked like.为正确选项。
因此我们在完成题目的时候一定得眼观四路,看清题目的真面目,此外,更重要的是,还需要学生完成题目后注重积累,特别是同义改写的各种情况以及做错的题目标记并积累,反复翻看。这样一来才能在阅读考试中过关斩将,笑傲托福。
知识点:
名词近义词
反对:objection/disapproval/opposition/protest
住房:apartment/accommodation
工作:labor/work/job/task
环境:circumstance/surroundings/environment/background/setting/context
困难:difficulty/obstacle/hardship/adversity/dilemma
角色:role/function/position/duty
结果:result/outcome/consequence/implication
计划:program/project/plan/intention
能力:ability/capability/power
不足之处:defect/drawback/downside/weakness
n.(水)獭( otter的名词复数 );獭皮
- An attempt is being made to entice otters back to the river. 人们正试图把水獭引诱回河里去。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Otters are believed to have been on Earth for 90 million years. 水獭被认为存活在地球上已经9千多万年。 来自互联网
n.海象( walrus的名词复数 )
- Walruses have enormous appetites and hunt for food almost constantly. 海象食欲极大,几乎一直在猎取食物。 来自互联网
- Two Atlantic walruses snuggle on an ice floe near Igloolik, Nunavut, Canada. 加拿大努勒维特伊格卢利克附近,两头大西洋海象在浮冰上相互偎依。 来自互联网
adj.为实用而设计的,具备功能的,起作用的
- The telephone was out of order,but is functional now.电话刚才坏了,但现在可以用了。
- The furniture is not fancy,just functional.这些家具不是摆着好看的,只是为了实用。
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托福阅读