托福语法:fairly和rather表“相当”有何区别
英语课
这两个词都有“相当”、“适中”的意思,但fairly 1主要用于修饰褒义的形容词和副词(如bravely,good,nice,well等)而rather主要修饰贬义的形容词和副词(如bad,stupidly,ugly等):
Tom is fairly clever,but Peter is rather stupid.
汤姆相当聪明,而彼得就颇笨。
I walk fairly fast but Ann walks rather slowly.
我走得相当快,而安就走得相当慢。
两者都可以与分词连用:
He was fairly relaxed;she was rather tense.
他很放松,而她就相当紧张。
a fairly interesting film一部相当有意思的电影
a rather boring book一本相当乏味的书
不定冠词必须放在fairly之前,但可放在rather之前或之后:
a fairly light box一个相当轻的盒子
a rather heavy box/rather a heavy box
一个相当重的盒子一些本身没有褒贬意义的形容词和副词如fast,slow,thin,thick,hot,cold等,之前加上fairly时表示赞许而加上rather时表示不赞许。This soup is fairly hot(这汤还挺热)这意味说话人喜欢喝热汤。而This soup is rather hot(这汤太热了)就意味着说话人嫌汤太热了点。
rather可用在alike,like,similar,different等词及比较级之前,这时它的含义是“少许”或“略微”:
Siamese cats are rather like dogs in some ways.
暹罗猫在某些方面长得有点儿像狗。
The weather was rather worse than I had expected
天气要比我预料的还坏。
rather a可以与一些名词连用,如disappiontment,disadvan-tage,nuisance 2,pity,shame及joke:
It’s rather a nuisance that we can’t park here.
真讨厌,我们不能在这里停车。(有点不方便)
It’s rather a shame that he has to work on Sundays.
真讨厌,他连星期天也得去上班。(有点不公平)
fairly则不能这样用。
rather可以用在某些褒义的形容词和副词之前,如amusing,clever,good,pretty,well等,但其含义变了。这时它几乎相当于very之意,没有贬义,如She is rather clever(她很聪明)。
这句含义相当于She is very clever。rather这样用时显然具有比fairly更深的褒义,如It is a fairly good play(这个戏还算可以)。这一说法会起到劝阻旁人去看戏的作用。但如果说It israther a good play(这个戏很好)则无疑是一种推荐。有时rather这样用时含有“惊讶”之意:
—I suppose the house was filthy 3.
—No,as a matter of fact it was rather clean.
—我想屋子一定很脏。
—不,它实际上却很干净。
rather也可用在enjoy与like这两个词前,有时还可用在dis-like与object这一类动词之前:
I rather like the smell of petrol.
我倒很喜欢汽油味儿。
He rather enjoys queueing.
他却很喜欢排队。
rather还可以用来对由以上动词构成的问句作简单回答:
—Do you like him?
—Yes,I do,rather.
—你喜欢他吗?
—是的,我倒相当喜欢他。
rather+like/enjoy主要用于表现一种“喜爱”,而这种喜爱是出乎旁人或说话者本人意料之外的。但它也可以用来强调动词,如I rather like Tom(我很喜欢汤姆)。这就要比I likeTom(我喜欢汤姆)具有更强烈的感情色彩。
adv.公正地,正当地;相当;完全,简直
- I think I was quite fairly treated by the police.我认为警察对我非常公正。
- It fairly destroyed the machine.它将那部机器完全毁了。
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