CRI中国国际广播电台 News & Reports 2012-12-29

 Hello and Welcome to News and Reports on China Radio International.

 
In This Edition
 
US President Barack Obama and top congressional leaders are to meet to try to avoid falling over the so-called 'fiscal 1 cliff.'
A senior Japanese scholar says Shinzo Abe's new government will take a cautious attitude towards ties with China.
China's foreign trade is to increase by around 6-percent in 2012.
And we'll also take a look at China's new pension insurance system, which is expected to cover 60-percent of the country's population by 2015.
 
Hot Issue Reports
 
Obama, Congressional Leaders to Meet Friday
US President Barack Obama and top congressional leaders are to meet later on this Friday to try to avoid falling over the so-called 'fiscal cliff.'
 
President Obama, Senate Majority Leader Harry 2 Reid, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, House Speaker John Boehner and House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi will all going to be part of negotiations 3 at the White House.
 
The Democrats 4 have been pushing for higher taxes to generate more revenue, while the Republicans have been advocating more spending cuts.
 
For more on the latest negotiations, Paul James spoke 5 earlier with Zha Xiaogang, researcher at the Department of World Economic Studies with the Shanghai Institute of International Studies.
 
Abe Not to Go Further to Annoy Asian Neighbors, Experts
A senior Japanese political analyst 6 is suggesting Shinzo Abe's new government is going to take a cautious attitude towards ties with China and Japan's other neighbors.
 
CRI's Wei Tong has more.
 
Satoshi Amako, a professor of contemporary Chinese studies at Waseda University, is suggesting the top priority for Shinzo Abe's new cabinet is to maintain a stable political environment before the House of Councilors election next July.
 
As such, Amako says he believes Abe will not be too radical 7 in his foreign policy.
 
"The most important task for Abe is to revive Japan's looming 8 economy. What's more, he has to make an attempt to mend ties with the United States. Indeed, Abe is considered to be a hawkish 9 politician. But he will not immediately put his hawkish ideas into practice because he has to take Japan's national interests into serious consideration."
 
Shinzo Abe is on record as saying he would like to modify Japan's pacifist constitution and form a national defense 10 army.
 
Those comments caused a lot of irritation 11 in Japan's Asian neighbors.
 
Ties between China and Japan have been at a low point this year amid the dispute over the Diaoyu Islands.
 
At the same time, tensions with South Korea and Russia over territorial 12 disputes are also escalating 13.
 
As such, Satoshi Amako says he believes the new Abe government is going to have to be pragmatic in its foreign policy to avoid becoming isolated 14 in the region.
 
"Japan cannot take radical steps to annoy China. I suggest Japan and China hold talks at all levels to bring an end to the disputes and enhance mutual 15 understanding. It is essential for Abe's cabinet. Also, I hope Abe's cabinet can make moves to improve Japan's broader ties with China."
 
Shinzo Abe has returned to the role of Japanese prime minister, after his Liberal Democratic Party swept back to power in this month's parliamentary elections.
 
Abe was previously 16 Japan's prime minister from 2006 to 2007.
 
For CRI, I am Wei Tong.
 
Japan's New Government Sticks to Three-year Nuclear Safety Goal
Japan's new government has said it hopes to stick to a three year deadline to decide whether to restart all nuclear reactors 18 after safety checks.
　　
Economy Minister Toshimitsu Motegi, who is also responsible for energy policy, says reactors will be restarted as units have received the all-clear from the atomic regulator.
 
"We will rely on the Nuclear Regulation Authority to judge safety from an expert point of view and will not restart the ones where safety is not confirmed. On the other hand, if the nuclear reactor 17 is deemed safe, we will respect that opinion and move to restart the reactor."
 
However NRA Chairman Shunichi Tanaka, has said completing safety checks within the three-year time frame set by new Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will be impossible to meet.
 
All but two of Japan's fifty reactors remain switched off, after an earthquake and tsunami 19 caused meltdowns and explosions at the Fukushima Daiichi station in northeastern Japan in March 2011.
 
Atomic energy supplied about 30-percent of Japan's needs before Fukushima, but since the disaster support for nuclear power has plummeted 20.
　　
Abe's government said it would take 10-years to decide on the best energy mix for Japan.
 
China's 2012 Foreign Trade to Grow 6 pct: Minister
China's foreign trade is expected to increase by around 6-percent year on year in 2012.
 
The growth will be slower than the annual target of 10-percent set by the government.
 
Foreign trade rose 5.8 percent year-on-year in the first 11-months of the year.
 
Ministry 21 of Commerce spokesman Yao Jian:
 
"Though the growth is just 6 percent, it owns a good quaility. Our export ratio in the international market increased 0.6 percent."
 
The ministry forecasts the export ratio in the international market will reach 11- percent this year.
 
Meanwhile, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming says the ministry will accelerate restructuring to stabilize 22 foreign trade growth.
 
"We will continue to boost export rebates 23, expand the channels for trade financing, facilitate export credit insurance and especially facilitate the financing need for the export of large equipment."
 
China will increase imports of energy and resource products, advanced technical equipment and key components 24.
 
Chen also estimated that China's use of foreign direct investment will reach about 110-billion U.S dollars this year.
 
That will represent a decline of about 6-billion U.S dollars in 2011.
 
China's outbound direct investment in non-financial sectors 26 will stand at 70-billion U.S dollars.
 
Chen said the government will create more preferential policies next year to encourage foreign investors 27 to invest in central and west China.
 
Indian Teen Kills Self after Pressed to Drop Rape 28 Case
A 17-year-old girl in the northern Indian state of Punjab, who was allegedly raped 29 in November, has committed suicide after police failed to take action against the accused.
 
Indian media is reporting she consumed poison at home later died in hospital.
 
Police sources say three men abducted 30 the girl, then she was repeatedly raped and dumped on the road.
 
The victim had tried to report the case for 14-days, but local police did not register the case and tried to force a settlement between the rapists and the girl's family.
 
After the suicide, the police hastily arrested the accused, two men and a woman, earlier on Thursday.
 
PARAMJIT SINGH GILL, inspector 31 general OF POLICE OF PATIALA RANGE,says the officer in charge of the police station is reported to have been sacked for negligence 32.
 
"Till November 27, almost for 14 days, no action was taken in this case. No case was registered neither was any arrest made. Attempts were also made to hush 33 up the case by arriving at a compromise. But nothing happened. After 14 days when the case was registered."
 
News of the teenager's suicide comes as a 23-year-old medical student, who was brutally 34 assaulted by six men in a moving bus in New Delhi, battles for her life in a Singapore hospital.
 
The savage 35 New Delhi gang rape has caused outrage 36 in India with thousands participating in massive protests demanding stringent 37 punishment for the rapists and tough anti-rape laws.
 
China Proposes New Pension Insurance System
We'll continue our yearend reports on key words 2012.Today's key words are "pension insurance."
 
With a rapidly aging society here in China, the central authorities have unveiled plans to cover at least 60-percent of the country's population under the pension insurance scheme by 2015.
 
On top of this, the authorities are proposing a new pension system which will allow people to choose among 3-different types of programs.
 
As such, CRI's Zhang Qizhi has more.
 
China's current pension insurance system includes basic pension insurance for urban workers, rural social insurance and urban social insurance.
 
Under the new plan, those covered by two or three of these types of insurance can switch from one or the other.
 
Professor Zheng Fengtian with the College of Agriculture and Rural Development at Renmin University says the new policy is part of the broader reform of the social insurance system.
 
"There should be a unified 38 standard for everyone, no matter who he is. However, the insurance gap between different classes is evident. Yet, to set a unified standard for every different social group costs a lot. So the new scheme is on the right path by starting with people in rural areas, as it paves way for the broader reform of the whole society."
 
Under the new proposal, people who have paid into social insurance for 15 consecutive 39 years can apply for the basic pension insurance for urban workers, which generates higher returns.
 
Those who haven't reached the 15-year payment period can apply for the new urban or rural social security plans so they can have basic coverage 40.
 
As an example, if a migrant worker from the rural areas has been paying for the new rural social security scheme, he or she can apply to have their payment moved to the better-paying account for urban workers if he or she has moved to urban areas to work.
 
However, professor Zheng Fengtian notes the 15-year payment requirement is one of the main reasons most migrant workers can't qualify for the most lucrative 41 program.
 
"Rural migrant workers who are currently working may eventually benefit from the policy. But those who are in their 50's or 60's probably won't. At the same time, the current policy doesn't cover people from rural areas who are living without a job in the city. These are the problems yet to be solved in the new policy. "
 
Meanwhile, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences is reporting China's pension deficit 42 has reached some 77-billion yuan through 2011.
 
Its latest report shows over one-third of China's 31 provinces and autonomous 43 regions are facing pension fund deficits 44.
 
The government's top think tank is warning of an unsustainable financial situation under the current pension system.
 
Li Yang is the Vice 45 president of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
 
"Our basic pension insurance system seems to have saved a large surplus in recent years. And they have guaranteed the current needs. However, most of the surplus comes from financial subsidies 46 by the central and local governments."
 
The report by CASS also notes China's economic growth structure is undergoing a planned slow-down, which is also going to reduce revenues to the pension system.
 
Dai Xianglong, chair of the National Social Security Fund, is suggesting part of the gaps in the pension fund can be covered by this country's state-owned enterprises.
 
"I think we should set up a system to transfer one fifth of SOE profits to social security funds."
 
China's pension fund only accounts for 2 percent of the total GDP.
 
The ratio is 83 percent in Norway, 25 percent in Japan and 15 percent in the US.
 
An aging population here in China is quickly becoming a major concern.
 
There were 190 million people at or above the age of 60 as of the end of 2011.
 
It is estimated this figure will top 200 million by 2013.
 
By 2050, one-third of the Chinese population will be 60 or older.
 
As many as 125 million elderly people here in China currently receive pensions every month.
 
As such, Chinese Premier 47 Wen Jiabao has promised to increase government spending on the social insurance system to address the aging problem.
 
For CRI, I'm Qizhi.
 
2013 Property Market
Runaway 48 real estate prices in China have been a significant source of public complaint in recent years.
 
To curb 49 the soaring housing prices, the government has implemented 50 a string of policies since early 2010.
 
However, the property market has shown signs of warming in recent months.
 
The central bank twice cut interest rates and the banks' reserve requirement ratio to buoy 51 the economy earlier this year.
 
At the most recent central economic work conference, China said urbanization is a key driver of domestic demand, remaining that way in 2013.
 
However, China is also indicating it will stick to control measures in the property sector 25 next year.
 
For more on expectations of the Chinese property market in 2013 , Rebecca Hume spoke earlier with Zhuang Jian, Senior Economist 52 at Asian Development Bank's Resident Mission in China.
 
CHINA DAILY
 
"Program helps poor obtain defense"
 
Courts in Zhejiang province are testing a program that will offer free legal services to poor defendants 53 in criminal cases.
 
Since the beginning of 2011, Zhejiang courts have appointed lawyers to defend over 22-thousand suspects who faced the possibility of being sentenced to more than three years in jail.
 
That number was up by 130 percent from the two-year period starting in 2009.
 
Ensuring more suspects are represented by defense lawyers will help protect their rights and prevent miscarriages 54 of justice.
 
Local authorities estimated high legal fees now prevent all but 30 percent of suspects from obtaining a legal defense.
 
Free legal services will also be offered to those who are older than 60 and are not a principal suspect in a crime, or who come from ethnic 55 groups and do not understand Mandarin 56.
 
SHANGHAI DAILY
 
"Metro 57 vending 58 machines oust 59 some stores"
 
Metro officials will add more vending machines and ATMs to the subway system in the coming year to meet the increasing demands and to eliminate potential fire dangers posed by some of the current, smaller subway stores.
 
The Metro operator intends to sell various kinds of goods, such as drinks, snacks and fruits, from the machines.
 
The plan of selling daily-use medicine via the machines is also under discussion.
 
However, some passengers have expressed concern about the quality and freshness of the food.
 
The city removed 400 to 500 stores from the subway network at the time of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo for safety concerns.
 
Officials said they are working on solutions to the problem of expired food and drinks being sold via the machines.
 
BBC
 
"Africa image harming aid effort, says charity Oxfam"
 
Charity Oxfam has said a negative image of Africa in the UK is harming efforts to raise food aid in the continent.
 
It found that three out of four people had become desensitized to images showing hunger, drought and disease.
 
Three-quarters thought it was possible to end hunger in Africa, but just one in five believed they could play an active role in achieving it.
 
Of the more than two thousand people surveyed, almost half suggested hunger as the biggest problem facing Africa.
 
Respondents to the survey said over-exposure to negative media and advertising 60 portrayals 61 of Africa and developing countries in other parts of the world was "depressing, manipulative and hopeless".
 
According to Oxfam chief executive Dame 62 Barbara Stocking, if they want people to help fight hunger they have to give them grounds for hope by showing the potential of countries across Africa.
 
Market Update
 
In market news....U.S. stocks fell for a fifth consecutive day on Friday as the prospects 63 of the "fiscal cliff" were still uncertain.
 
All three major indexes slumped 64. The Dow Jones industrial average tumbled 1.2 percent to 12,938, the S&P 500 fell 1.1 percent to1,402, and the Nasdaq composite index dropped 0.9 percent to 2,906.
 
European market also traded lower. London's FTSE 100 dopped 0.5 percent to 5,925. Frankfurt's DAX lost 0.6 percent to 7,612. CAC 40 in Paris shed 1.5 percent to 3,620.