时间:2019-02-26 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   新托福的口语考试部分的第三题和第四题要求考生首先在45秒钟内读完100字左右长度的单一段落,今天我们讨论一下如何掌握新托福口语考试中的阅读节奏。


  我们有时会担心,阅读速度的加快会影响阅读理解的准确率,其实这是一种误解。当然,盲目追求阅读速度必然要影响阅读理解的质量。我们应该做的是掌握正确的阅读节奏:“根据快和慢两种速度交替而成的节奏来变化自己的阅读速度。” 唱歌因韵律节奏而动听,说话因轻重缓急而悦耳,阅读也是一样,快慢相间的阅读速度才能收到良好的阅读效果。
  我们知道,句子是由词组成的,但同一句中的各个词的分量不尽相同,有的起着关键的作用;段落是由句子构成的,然而同一段落中的各个句子的分量也是不尽相同的,有的是关键句、核心句,有的则起着辅助说明的作用,为阐述中心思想而服务。这些关键词、关键句表达的正是段落的重要信息,抓住了它们就等于抓住了段落的核心,就知道了什么地方应该加快速度,什么地方应该放慢速度,当然也就掌握了阅读节奏。
  一般而言,对于关键词和关键句应该慢读,做到充分理解,牢牢把握;而对非关键词和非关键句应加快阅读速度,抢出时间,用以反复阅读重点句或归纳总结。请看下面的示例:
  例1:阅读下面的段落:
  A lot of people think that cultural anthropology 1 is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.
  阅读此句,我们不难找到一些关键词,如:cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。这些关键词反映了此句的主要信息:“许多人认为文化人类学就是研究特殊而奇怪的社会现象,但人类学家有时还对一些人们认为不重要的、看起来很普通的生活现象感兴趣。”通过分析关键词,我们又发现“but”这个具有转折意义的连接词向我们显示了此句的后半句才是整个句子的核心部分,它提示我们阅读时应更加留心阅读后半句的关键词,提炼关键信息。因此,我们可以很肯定地确认此句最重要的意义应该是:“Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant.”并且也可以很肯定地预测,如有下文,也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息继续论述,而不是前半句的。这样,在阅读时,我们就会把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的关键词上,而对那些附加修饰、说明的部分,如:修饰people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速阅读,甚至略去不读,因为它不影响我们对中心意思的理解与把握。
  例2:阅读下面的段落:
  Smell and Memory
  Scientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.
  我们注意到这个段落的题目是“Smell and Memory”,我们还知道题目是中心思想的反映。据此,我们可以得知本段主要论述的应是smell and memory之间的联系,由此找到了关键词语“the links between smell and memory”(在段首),而能说明它们之间关系的句子又是最后一句。所以,这个段落的核心信息是:“Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience.”由此判定,本段的首尾都需细心地、稍慢地阅读,而对“最著名的;专门治疗何种病人的”这样相对次要的句子就可以加快阅读速度。

n.人类学
  • I believe he has started reading up anthropology.我相信他已开始深入研究人类学。
  • Social anthropology is centrally concerned with the diversity of culture.社会人类学主要关于文化多样性。
标签: 托福口语
学英语单词
a-bromdiethylacetylurea
aegis
alamo'o
amplitude half adder
arriving draft
automatic telescope
back number
beautified
brass standard
breaking of rest period
Brosimum
bullet perforating gun
business enterprice
calcaneo-metatarsal ligament plantar ligament of tarsus
compound-turbine
conical drum hoist
cooperative research
dalcas
data hierarchies
declutters
dianthranilic acid
document of passenger transportation
duplexer of wave-guide system
enigmatise
episulfoniums
external student
favored with
Festuca pseudovina
fibrous texture
filter-press action
freehold of office
friction effect
Girard Bay
girk
give sb a sound slating
handkerchief lawn
hemorrhoid-dispersing injection fluid
hexagon nut with collar
Hoarusib
hydroperoxidases
hyperventilators
impellor
innocent xis
input form
input ramp
insaturation
inspection of arms
inter-faiths
interpretatitive program
invested capital
ITB
j.i.s.(japanese industrial standard)
Jarmen
jeupardy
just J
karyotypical
kathrada
kinaki
knocked-down in carload
lieutenant commander
lithium sulphide
manometer differential
martime satellite
maximum temperature of a capacitor
mechnaically-operated nozzle
misnumbered
mockbirds
modern dance
mouthings
nineteenfold
norbrook
outer edge of the platform
Pachaug
panaeolus solidipes
Paraisópolis
Pchelarovo
pressed work
prigging
primary characteristic
prolixt
pusillum
rami anteriores nervorum thoracalium
recovery of premises
resolution limit
s-shaped harrow
securities transfer agent
semi-natural language
sidewipe
sizoo
slotting end mill
spring out of
stopen
subcones
substitutional defect
syndrome of lingering heat
table money
tunnelling research
unheer
user-friendly interface
water-soluble gum
web-servers
william menningers