时间:2019-02-25 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

   一,语音


  熟练,准确地掌握语音是听力正确理解的基础。学习一门语言,首先应掌握好它的发音,只有发音正确,语调得体,才能听懂别人的话。如果听者发音有误,语调不准,则把自己熟悉的单词听错,从而产生误解。语言学家普遍认为:听懂一门外语主要涉及辩音的理解。有的学生对音素的发音部位和要点没有领会,加之受地方音的影响,单词发音不准,还有的学生习惯独立的读单词,对英语发音的有写规则如连读,弱读,失爆,省音等没有重视:加之朗读较少,所以语感很差,对所听到的东西反应迟钝。很多学生在学习词汇时仅仅是默读或者是误读。对于正确语音的陌生当然阻碍了听力理解。很多同学都有这样的亲身经历:同样一篇材料,听起来觉得似曾相识,可又难解其意,但是一经阅读就茅塞顿开,恍然大悟。这就是由于对正确语音的忽视造成的。一方面,受母语方言的影响,很多同学在语音的学习上就更加困难,如:/Z/,/C/,/S/分不清。方言较重的同学要注意慢慢的纠正。另一方面,英美音的差异也是影响学生听力的重要障碍之一。我国中小学英语教材所采用的语音大多以英国音,但是进入大学以后很多美国音又出现。而且比重很大。很多同学对美音不适应。
  所以在英语语音的学习中要注意英音和美音的学习,注意对比。不但要听些英音的听力材料还要听美音的听力材料。还有很多同学在朗读或者用英语对话的时候习惯性地拖音,如在一句话说完再拖个 / /或者/ /。象这些语音学习的不良习惯要注意克服。
  根据本人的教学经验,对于英语初学者,在听力课的教授上,最好不要一开始就给学生大量的听力材料。首先要介绍英语听力课程的特点,结合学生的实际情况为学生制定学习计划。最好先给学生讲授语音知识,纠正有些学生的不正确发音。为以后的听力打好基础。
  二,词汇
  词汇是英语学习的基础。词汇量的匮乏直接影响听力理解的水平。有人说词汇量的大小和英语水平成正比也是不无道理的。就整个大学学习期间,词汇量就要求增加4000左右,对英语专业的学生要求掌握的词汇更多。这无疑是个艰巨的任务。同学要注意词汇量积累。很多同学是通过读,背和写来记词汇的,其实另外一个重要的途径就是通过听。能看懂的东西不一定能听懂,这就是前面提到的学生所获取的知识和记忆是从视觉得到的,在大脑中没有建立起相应的听觉形象。所以即使听到别人正确的发音也不能作出准确恰当的判断。
  英语中还有大量的习惯用语需要掌握,例如:
  W: Did you write to you parents all these days?
  M: I called them yesterday instead of writing.
  Q: Which of the following statement 1 is true?
  A) The man wrote to his parents .
  B) The man called his parents
  C) The man dislike his parents
  D) The man was busy at that time
  如果我们对instead of 这个简单的短语的意思不清楚的话就很难作出判断。
  三,语法
  英语是一种表音文字,其语音,构词或者造句都不同与汉语。学习英语必须将感性认识提高到理性认识,并利用语言的规律性来指导语言的实践。语法是语言的组织规律。掌握一定的语法知识,对于正确理解语意,提高英语听力水平大有好处通常看不懂句子的结构就无法了解句意,更不用说听懂复杂的长句了。没有语意方面的知识,就无法意识到篇章内的不同组成部分之间在意义上的联系。很多学生在听到长句和比较复杂的句子,或者是虚拟语气时,就根本把握不住句子的结构和含义。例如:
  W:How do you think that the film you saw last night?
  M: I would rather have stayed at home.
  Q: Which of the following statement is ture?
  A) The man enjoy the film that he saw last night
  B) The man did not like the film he saw last night
  C) The man was busy last night
  D) The man stayed at home last night
  如果学生对虚拟语气 "would rather have stayed" 不懂的话就很难判断出正确答案是B。
  所以,清楚,熟练地掌握语法是提高听力的必要条件。
  四,英语文化背景知识
  目前的英语教学侧重语言现象的讲解,对于英语国家的历史,地理,文化和风俗很少介绍。听力内容广泛,题材多样。学生由于知识面有限或者跨文化历史背景知识的缺乏,常会感觉到听得懂单词却听不懂意思。我们在教学中不能发现,对于学生不熟悉的事物,即使听力材料中没有什么生词,学生理解起来也很困难。语言的学习也应该是文化的学习,了解英语国家的文化背景,才能准确地理解和运用英语。例如:
  W: John,do you want to go swimming with me today?
  M: Sure. But I can"t leave now. I have an appointment with my professor at three o"clock.
  Q: Why can"t John go swimming now?
  A) He must meet his teacher
  B) He must attend a class
  C) He must go out with his girl friend
  D) He must stay at school to finish his homework.
  在英语文化中"have an appointment with my professor" 习惯指"与教授约定时间进行讨论或者要求解答问题"如果把"appointment"误解成"与女朋友约会"的话,在听力理解中就会作出错误的判断。
  非语言因素包括心理素质方面和一些应试技巧方面。

n.陈述;声明;综述
  • The government will put out a new statement tomorrow.政府将于明天发布一项新声明。
  • Put down your statement in black and white.把你的话用白纸黑字写下来。
标签: 听力
学英语单词
4-Salicyloylmorpholine
a type right-of-way
acetyldigoxin
aethetic zoning
aluminum nitride
Amospan
angulus posterior pyramidis
antinociceptives
ateliosis
atom size
bagnio
bald cypresses
bald wheat
balloon fish
belaces
bendini
bhaktas
bioautography
bonxies
buttonlike
carleo
carved lacquer necklace
catheys val.
circulating pledge
cluster of engines
colour correction mask
compass platform
conceptual data
constant staticizer
corn islands
coronal helmet
direct condenser
double butt strap
double open end wrench black finished
electric power distribution panal
elks
exchange equipment
famulating
farandinical
fast-breeder reactor
Federal Reserve Systems
feet-on-the-ground
femas
fish-eating rat
flyhalf
folkeskoles
ghirardini
goes off with
hare's-foot
insulated boundary
Kanapoi
Kool-Aid
lambertianin
loop-locked
made himself at home
Marianologist
methyl silicone resins
microcampylopus laevigatum
moment of forces tending to capasize
negative scotoma
nephron(e)
non synchronized network
output and input
painstakenly
paleo-indians
papodums
paste food
ploughtail
polytetrafluoroethylene fibre reinforcement
prairie mallow
prescription drug advertising
pulsating energy
quadricellular
quiffed
refluxive
removing fire in the lung and resolving phlegm
sa-ree
saboor
schilz
scrimpiness
series statement
skinnis
SNQ
sorted ore
spinibulbar
stablish
suspension rod
tally shop
tap bill
tertiary plants
tetracyclic coordinate
tide-riding water level
troodont
Ungcheon
velocity derived by differential
wallowish
waste
Wehrbleck
wood former
working space register
working with command bars