时间:2019-02-20 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

 口语中很多时候需要非谓语动词的语法运用,但是大多数学生对于这个现象只是听过,但是使用起来却不知所以然。所以我在课上我会跟学生,尤其是基础较好的学生来推荐用这个语法在口语中,这样使口语的句子含金量更高,听起来更加高大上。为了使学生正确使用,我会事先做个统一的讲解,然后再要求学生尽量用在接下的表达中,这样会减少出错的概率,即使出错了,经过我纠正,学生便知道错在哪里。


  在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词.非谓语动词有动词不定式;动名词;现在分词;过去分词。
  用法是:
  一、动词不定式:(to)+do, 具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
  1. 不定式的形式:
  否定式:not + (to) do
  (1) 一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后, 例如:I'm glad to meet you.
  (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:The boy pretended 2 to be working hard.
  (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:I regretted to have told a lie.
  2.不定式的句法功能:
  (1)作主语:
  To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
  动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,例如可用如下形式:
  It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
  (2)作表语:
  Her job is to clean the hall.
  (3)作宾语:
  常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend 1, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:
  Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
  (4)作宾语补足语:
  在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit 3, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.
  (5)作定语:
  动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系:
  ①动宾关系:
  I have a meeting to attend.
  注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:
  He found a good house to live in.
  The child has nothing to worry about.
  What did you open it with?
  如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:
  He has no place to live.
  This is the best way to work out this problem.
  如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:
  Have you got anything to send?
  Have you got anything to be sent?
  ②说明所修饰名词的内容:
  We have made a plan to finish the work.
  ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:
  He is the first to get here.
  (6)作状语:
  ①表目的:
  He worked day and night to get the money.
  She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
  注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致:
  wrong:To save money, every means 4 has been tried.
  right:To save money, he has tried every means.
  wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.
  right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary.
  ②表结果:
  He arrived late to find the train gone.
  常用only放在不定式前表示强调:
  I visited him only to find him out.
  ③表原因:
  They were very sad to hear the news.
  ④表程度:
  It's too dark for us to see anything.
  The question is simple for him to answer.

vt.假装,假托,装扮;vi.假装,装作
  • So you don't need to pretend,do you?所以你不必装假了,对吧?
  • Many people pretend that they understand modern art.许多人装着自己懂得现代艺术。
adj.假装的;徒有外表的;传说的;号称的v.假装( pretend的过去式和过去分词 );伪装;(尤指儿童)(在游戏中)装扮;自诩
  • He pretended that resigning was part of his long-term career strategy. 他假装辞职是他长远事业规划的一部分。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He politely pretended not to have heard this remark. 他有礼貌地假装没有听到这句话。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.许可证,许可,执照;vt.允许,容许;vi.容许
  • The doctor will not permit mother up until her leg is better.在母亲的腿好些之前,医生不允许她起床。
  • The soldiers had orders to permit no stranger through.士兵们接到命令不许任何陌生人通过。
n.方法,手段,折中点,物质财富
  • That man used artful means to find out secrets.那人使用狡猾的手段获取机密。
  • We must get it done by some means or other.我们总得想办法把它干完。
标签: 托福
学英语单词
administracin
agtgravation
apac
arbor with cross-key
asbest cord
attometer
azara
banqueted
bexide
binding energy per particle
bitemporal hemianopsia
blending process
calyon
carcholin
carmegliptin
carter's spread
Chestertonians
chord inclination
clickily
Constantine Bay
culvert end lift
cut-away cassette
cytogeneticists
desiccants
diglycin
dollkind
donor doping
dragance
drill pipe flexweight
early response
edge effect of laminate
enforce the law strictly
field working
fixed dressing
flamingo-flower
flank forward
Fonofos
go into detail(s)
guaranteed-efficiency
hand operated direction valve
high level control
ileocolic veins
intercontinent
internal orifice of aqueduct of vestibule
Jew's-trumps
levirate
light intemsity variation
low temperature specific heat
lsb
Luqa Internat.Airport
magnesyn compass
maianthemum formosanum
malformation of heart
mat-backed film
monoid curve
montezs
multi-valued decision
network status
off - shore wind
official life
oil holder
olby
Ontariolite
optional half instruction
output voltage swing
parkwest
percentage of diminishing value plan
permeation flux
pipeworkers
protestantizations
pupa coarctata
radio radiations
Ranunculus muricatus
rashly launching new projects
reaggregated
right of rescission
saint-jure
sardonic smile
sash bracket
schaaf
semi-automatic telephone switch board
silurus glaniss
starter button
sticking places
sugar lumps
synaptoneurosomes
taper rolling
tetradentate
thermal equivalent
to much purpose
top-off
total thickness
track control arm
transcriptomic
turks head roll
Universal Telecommunication Radio Access Network
user's needs
vocal coach
warbags
what's with
yarrans