时间:2019-02-19 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课

 第一节 常用介词


  考点一 常用介词的用法
  常用介词包括简单的,
  如:in, on, at, from, to, like, of, for, after, before, by, with, to, since, between, etc.;
  还有一些组合的,如:into, onto, out of, throughout, within, upon, etc.
  这些词的具体用法需要下功夫搞清,在TOEFL题中都有所体现。
  例题:
  ----one time, Manchester, New Hampshire, was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.
  (A) On
  (B) At
  (C) By
  (D) To
  答案:B
  解释:据选项可知需填介词,词组at one time意为“曾经、一度”,符合句意。
  考点二 及物动词和不及物动词
  在改错题目中,经常会出现混淆及物动词和不及物动词,
  (1) 不及物动词后面必须要加上介词,比如go Guangzhou(到广州去),这样表达是不对的,必须改为 go to Guangzhou
  (2) 而及物动词后面不能随意加上介词,因为及物动词后面可以直接接名词
  比如 find the mistake (寻找错误) , 不应该说 find for the mistake
  第二节 介宾短语
  介词不能单独使用,而必须和其他词连用,这些词称作介词的宾语,它们共同构成的介宾短语常在句中作状语,作名词的后置定语,有时作某些动词的宾语补足语
  考点一 名词作介词宾语
  大部分介词的宾语都是由名词(包括代词)充当的,如:under the tree, during the day, 这一考点在题中多次出现
  例题:
  (1)
  The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for ----with which to regulate them.
  (A) more accurate than sundials
  (B) more accurate sundials
  (C) sundials more accurately 1
  (D) more accurately than sundials
  答案:B
  解释:search for缺少宾语, 只有B是表达无误的名词词组, 可以作宾语;其他选项的比较形式都有错。
  考点二 动名词作介词宾语
  名词作宾语时,之后不能再接宾语,这一缺陷可由动名词弥补。
  如:before doing the job ,  after getting back
  改错题中常把应该用动名词作宾语的地方误用为名词或不定式,需留心陷阱
  例题:
  Copper 2 sulfate, spread in judicious 3 amounts, kills algae 4 ----harming fish or aquatic 5 invert-ebrates.
  (A) does not
  (B) but does no
  (C) except
  (D) without
  答案:D
  解释:harming 是动名词形式, 因此要求前面的词是介词或可接动名词的动词. A B 可首先排除; C 虽是介词, 但与句意不符.
  考点三 连接从句或不定式
  介词之后还可以接宾语从句或不定式短语,但要借助于
  连接代词  (如:what , which, whom)
  或连接副词  (如:how, when,where)
  例句:        I knew nothing about how he got the green card.
  She's pretty hesitant about which one to choose.
  例题:
  (1)
  The Cubists were concerned with how----a given subject from different points of view simultaneously 6.
  (A) represented
  (B) do they represent
  (C) to represent
  (D) representing
  答案:C
  解释:介词with后面的宾语不完整, C 是不定式短语作宾语. A D都不足以和how构成宾语从句;  B不应用疑问句语序, 若去掉do则是正确的
  (2)
  The scholarly interest in perception stems largely from questions about the sources and validity of what ----.
  (A) it is known as human knowledge
  (B) is known as human knowledge
  (C) known human knowledge
  (D) is human knowledge known
  答案:B
  解释:介词of的宾语残缺, B 构成宾语从句, 包含短语be known as;A多主语it; C 无法与what契合; D 语序错误
  注意:介词后面不能够接 that 所引导的从句,除非in that连起来作为特殊的状语从句引导词,表原因
  (3)
  Hovercraft, or air-cushion vehicles, are unusual ---- travel over land and water on a layer of air .
  (A) they
  (B) in they
  (C) that they
  (D) in that they
  答案:D
  解释:空格前是句子的主谓语,空格后是谓语结构,空格处需要从句引导词及从句主语,只有D符合题意,in that是特殊的状语从句引导词,表原因
  词汇:hovercraft: 水翼船,  cushion: 垫子

adv.准确地,精确地
  • It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
  • Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。
n.铜;铜币;铜器;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的
  • The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
  • Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。
adj.明智的,明断的,能作出明智决定的
  • We should listen to the judicious opinion of that old man.我们应该听取那位老人明智的意见。
  • A judicious parent encourages his children to make their own decisions.贤明的父亲鼓励儿女自作抉择。
n.水藻,海藻
  • Most algae live in water.多数藻类生长在水中。
  • Algae grow and spread quickly in the lake.湖中水藻滋蔓。
adj.水生的,水栖的
  • Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
  • We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。
adv.同时发生地,同时进行地
  • The radar beam can track a number of targets almost simultaneously.雷达波几乎可以同时追着多个目标。
  • The Windows allow a computer user to execute multiple programs simultaneously.Windows允许计算机用户同时运行多个程序。
标签: 托福 语法
学英语单词
a six
agglomerations
Aghnacliff
airborne afmag method
anye
arc stream
articler
autoregression constant
bacterioclasis
Biakatu
bibliotaphic
Bilisht
bursae praepatellaris subtendinea
butyl benzoate
calcium dithionate
clusiana
coal-gasification
cobaltic fluoride
conducting rope
curator bonis
DCK
de-escalating
deep-brown
demand sth of sb
Diacetylaminoazotoluene
direction of easy magnetization
double-cone seal ring
dougall
dwell-tester (cam angle tester)
EddystoneLight/lighthouse
endocyma
equilibrium operating
everyth
Farmborough
fedders
fine gravel
firm fixed price contract
gall-nut
gear shift rail
gold(i) cyanide
gosseletite
got away
growth hormone release inhibiting hormone
heavy duty transport machine
hollow bloom
house sync genlock
hunthausen
income cycle
index(ed) organization
Internet rules
knives linear
lahara
Laurie R.
lords
man-in-space flight
marstressing process
maximum absorbed dose
megacheiran
merkurs
mesh emitter
Midewiwin
mugeres
non-consumption item
nuclei olivaris accessorius dorsalis
output stroke
pacays
packing micanite
parting nut mandrel
Parvobacteriaceae
peephole
perriand
Pholidophoridae
politically correctness
profile parameter
Rathbones
ren unguliformis
reprint
researched
restricted-draft ship
s-hawking
seijas
semiautobiographical
sheep dog
single sheave cargo block
small container
sorry-ass
substitute energy
surface profile measuring system
Taegun-ri
testicular compression reflex
think one is it
tithoniuss
topographic rise
transfer turn table ribbon feeder
tukadesh
type of tariff
urethragraph
Utoeya
venae jugularis interna
ventilating machinary
Voltaire, C.
waxy body