时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   圣诞节马上就来啦,铃儿响叮当的熟悉旋律是不是钻入耳朵,新东方在线托福网为大家托福口语阅读材料:关于圣诞节的英文介绍,包括圣诞节的由来,圣诞树的传说,圣诞节的节日风俗,圣诞老人的由来等等。双语阅读,让你在英语学习的同时,了解有趣的圣诞节。在此新东方在线托福网祝大家圣诞快乐!


  托福口语材料:圣诞节的由来英文版
  The Origin of Christmas
  Christmas Day-December 25-which celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder 1 of the Christian 2 religion, is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the United States.
  According to the Bible, the holy book of Christians 3, God decided 4 to allow his only son, Jesus Christ, to be born to a human mother and live on earth so that people could understand God better and learn to love God and each other more. "Christmas"- meaning "celebration of Christ "- honors the time when Jesus was born to a young Jewish woman Mary.
  托福口语材料:圣诞节的由来英文版
  托福口语材料:圣诞节的由来英文版
  Mary was engaged to be married to Joseph, a carpenter, but before they came together, she was found to be with child. Because Joseph, her husband, was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly. But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, "Do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins."
  Although the exact date of the birth of Jesus nearly 2,000 years ago is not known, the calendar on the supposed date divides all time into B.C. (Before Christ )and A.D. ( a Latin phrase, Anno Domini, "in the year of our Lord.")For the first 300 years, Jesus’ birthday was celebrated 5 on different dates. Finally, in the year 354, church leaders chose December 25 as his birthday.
  中文翻译:圣诞节的由来
  圣诞节只是基督徒庆祝其信仰的耶稣基督(jīdū)诞生的庆祝日。圣诞节的庆祝与基督教同时产生,被推测始于西元1世纪。很长时间以来圣诞节的日期都是没有确定的,因为耶稣确切的出生日期是存在争议的,除了《新约》以外,没有任何记载提到过耶稣;《新约》不知道日期,当然就没有人知道确切日期了。在西元后的头三百年间,耶稣的生日是在不同的日子庆祝的。西元3世纪以前的作家们想把圣诞日定在春分日上下。直到西元3世纪中期,基督教在罗马合法化以后,西元354年罗马主教指定儒略历12月25日为耶稣诞生日。现在的圣诞节日期跟西元纪年的创制是密不可分的。
  西元纪年创制于西元5世纪,后来圣诞节这一天就按格里高利历法,即西元纪年的“公历”来确定了,而日历按着假定日期把时间分为公元前(耶稣基督诞生前)和公元后(A. D. 是拉丁文缩写,意思是“有了我们主--耶稣的年代”)。后来,虽然普遍教会都接受12月25日为圣诞节,但又因各地教会使用的历书不同,具体日期不能统一,于是就把12月24日到第二年的1月6日定为圣诞节节期(Christmas Tide),各地教会可根据当地具体情况在这段节期之内庆祝圣诞节。西方教会,包括罗马天主教、英国圣公会和新教,确定的圣诞日是公历的12月25日。东正教会确定的圣诞日是公历1月7日(实际上是叫“主显日”),这与东正教没有接受格里高利历改革和接受修正后的儒略历有关,因此把圣诞节在1900年到2099年的这一段时间内将延迟到1月7日。保加利亚和罗马尼亚也是东正教区,但圣诞节日期上遵循西欧习惯为12月25日,但复活节则遵从习惯。而最古老的基督教会亚美尼亚使徒教会确定的是公历1月6日,同时亚美尼亚教会更关注主显节,而不是圣诞节。圣诞节也是西方世界以及其他很多地区的公共假日,例如:在亚洲的香港、马来西亚和新加坡。世界上的非基督徒只是把圣诞节当作一个世俗的文化节日看待。
  教会开始并无圣诞节,约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说:第一个圣诞节是在公元138年,由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由于圣经未明记耶稣生于何时,故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年,才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年,世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会,进一步予以确定,从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。十九世纪,圣诞卡的流行、圣诞老人的出现,圣诞节也开始流行起来了。
  这个词的含义是指“基督的弥撒(Christ’s mass)”,即“为基督的一次聚餐”。这个仪式源自《新约》的“最后的晚餐”。而“基督的弥撒(Christ’s mass)”这个词是希腊语和拉丁语的拼凑,因为Christ来自希腊语,意思本来只是指犹太人的“受膏者”,引申为救世主;而mass来自拉丁语missa,本意为散会(dismissal),引申为基督教会感恩聚会。所以有时又缩写为“Xmas”。这可能是因为 X 类似于希腊字母 Χ(Chi);Χ 是“基督”的希腊语中的首个字母。为了尊重其它信仰的人士,以淡化圣诞节的宗教色彩。荷兰语名称类似英语,称作Kerstroeten。圣诞节西班牙语称为Navidad(或Pascuas),葡萄牙语称为Festas,波兰语称为Narodzenie,法语称为Noel,意大利语称为Natale,加泰罗尼亚语称为Nadal,意思是“诞生”,更清晰地反映圣诞节的意思。与此相对,德语称为Weihnachten,意思为“神圣的夜晚”。

n.创始者,缔造者
  • He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
  • According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说,罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。
adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒
  • They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
  • His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。
n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 )
  • Christians of all denominations attended the conference. 基督教所有教派的人都出席了这次会议。
  • His novel about Jesus caused a furore among Christians. 他关于耶稣的小说激起了基督教徒的公愤。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的
  • He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
  • The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。
标签: 托福
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Aardenburg
accelerating pressure gradient
Achras
advertainment
anatomical age
anethocurarium diiodide
asplenium oldhamii hance
automatic depuration
azotometer
ballistocardiogram
balum
behavioral relationship
blacksmith shop
brea
Brucetown
can-cap printer
character symbol set
clarkei
coin-tossing game
come to close quarters
community economic well-being indicator
convo
core-peripheries
cryogenic magnetic system
cultivation of fields
cyclopropylrhodamine
dataflows
diffusion theory
digylcol stearatee
ectinosomatid
enhanceable language
epilations
fatherless
gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
general secretary of government
Ham.
height of weir
hell to split
Huai(River)
hydatidostomy
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institute of precautions
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jiaogulan
joist head
keio
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least affine multiple
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mesoscale convective complex (mcc)
metallurgic instability
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mucinous film
mud pumping action
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Oprep
orthodiagram
path strewn with roses
pie-faced
plumping out
poff
proscillaridin A
prosti-tot
pseudarrhenia
refer back to
relief valve solenoid
restauratrices
river adiges
scan sheets
SCOR-IHD
senior chief petty officers
shopping centre
sight picture
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sodium persulfide
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spread-spectrum transmission
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staudt
stratified volcano
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system of public service
Teshio-sanchi
the expendables
tobacco-plant
tradevman
troponin I
under care
velociously
venetias
Volatile solids
wasagle
Wilcoxon paired comparison test
witii
wood parenchyma