英语构词法（07）-单词构词法
时间：2019-02-18 作者：英语课 分类：英文语法词汇
英语构词法（07）-单词构词法
FORE 1
before
在前
fore 源自古英文中的副词 fore. 英文土产的字首字根不多,这是其中比较重要的一个.这个字首除了 fore之外,偶尔也拼作 for,如 forward [向前]. for 除了有before 的用法外,尚有 [分离,除外] 的意思,如:forbid v. [禁止],forgo v. [放弃],forlorn a. [孤独,无助的],forswear v.[革除,放弃] 等都是字首为for的一些参考单字.
aforementioned 前述的
aforesaid 前述,上述的
fore 前面,在前部的
forebear 祖先
forebode 预示,预言
forecast 预测,预见,先见之明
foredoom 事先注定
forefather 2 祖先
forefront 最重要的地方,最前锋之位置
foregoing 前面,前述的
foregone 过去,先前的
foreground 最引人注意之地位
foreknow 预知
foreman 工头,领班
foremost 首要,第一的
forerunner 3 前锋,先驱
foresee 预知
foreshadow 预示,预兆
foresight 4 远见,先见之明
forestall 5 预先阻止
foretell 6 预测
forethought 预谋,预筹
forewarn 预先警告
foreword 序,前言,引言
forward 前面,前方的; 向前; 提升,促进
INTER 7
between,among
居中
字首 inter 源自拉丁文介系词 inter,原已有 between,among 的意思. 像interdict 8 v. [禁止],interest n. [兴趣,权益] 等字是比较特别的. interdict 出自拉丁文 interdicere,dicere 本为动词 [说话] 之意,加上 inter,由 [以言语插入] 转为 [判决],再变成现代英文 [禁止].interest 出自拉丁文 interesse,字根部分的 esse 为拉丁文 be 动词,原义为 [在其中],后又引申出 [互异],[参与],[利害相关] 等字义. esse 的第三人称单数现在式形态为 est,因此 interesse 拼法成为 interest.
interaction 交相影响,交互作用
intercede 9 说项,调停
intercept 10 中途拦截,中途逮捕
interchange 交换,交替
intercourse 11 交际,交通
interdict 禁止
interest 兴趣,关心; 利益; 使感兴趣
interfere 12 干涉,干预
interim 13 中间时期,过渡时期
interior 内部,内在的
interject 插入
interlace 使组合,使交织
interlude 间隔的时间,插曲
intermediary 中间的
intermediate 中间的
intermingle 混合,搀杂
intermission 休息时间,中断
intermittent 14 间歇,断续的
internal 内在,内部的
international 国际的
interplay 相互影响,交互作用
interpolate 添进,插入字句
interpose 置於中间,插入,仲裁
interrogate 15 讯问,质问
interrupt 打断,妨碍
intersect 相交,贯穿
intersperse 16 散置,点缀
interstice 裂缝,空隙
intertwine 交缠,纠缠
interval 17 间隔时间,间隔
intervene 插入,干扰
MAL
bad
恶劣
mal 源自拉丁文形容词 malus 和副词 male,原义为 bad. 例如: malediction 18 n. [诅咒],malefactor 19 n.,malevolent 20 a. [恶毒,幸灾乐祸的],便是由 male 转变而成,其他字则拼作 mal. 有部分出自法文,如拉丁文的 male habitus [病态,身体不适],法文即为 maladie n. [疾病],因为古法文亦源自拉丁文,接著进入英文,逐渐拼成现今的 malady 21 n. [疾病]. malaise n. [身体微恙] 也是如此: 字根部分的 aise 为法文名词,相当於英文的 ease 或 comfort.
maladjusted 失调,不能适应环境的
maladroit 22 笨拙的
malady 疾病
malaise 不适,不舒服
malcontent 23 反抗,不满的
malediction 诅咒
malefactor 作恶者,罪犯
malevolent 恶毒,恶意的
malfeasance 渎职,恶行
malform 使畸形
malfunction 24 故障
malice 25 怨恨,恶意
malicious 26 怀恶意的
malign 27 怨恨,怀恶意,邪恶的
malignant 28 有害,恶毒的
malnourished 营养不足的
malnutrition 29 营养不足
maltreat 虐待
MON.MONO
one
独一
字首 mon,mono 出自希腊文形容词 monos,原意为 [单独,唯一]. 字根部分第一个音如果是母音,拼作mon; 如果是子音,则拼作 mono. 如 monastery 30 n. [修道院],源自希腊文的 monasterion [独居],后经拉丁文的 monasterium 结合中古英文,出现monastery 的拼法. 由 mon,mono 组成的单字较难,例如: monochrome n. [单色画法],monocle n. [单眼镜],monocracy n.[独裁政治],monogamy n. [一夫一妻制],monolingual a. [仅谙一种语言的],monotheism n. [一神教] 等.
monarch 王,君主,帝王
monarchy 君主政体
monastery 修道院
monograph 专文,专论
monolog(ue) 独白
monopoly 独占,垄断
monotonous 单调,因单调令人厌烦的
monotony 单调,令人厌烦的单调
- Your seat is in the fore part of the aircraft.你的座位在飞机的前部。
- I have the gift of fore knowledge.我能够未卜先知。
- What we are doing today is something never dreamed of by our forefather.我们今天正在做的是我们祖先所不敢想的。
- These are the customs of forefather hand down to us.这些都是先辈传给你们的习俗。
- She is a forerunner of the modern women's movement.她是现代妇女运动的先驱。
- Penicillin was the forerunner of modern antibiotics.青霉素是现代抗生素的先导。
- The failure is the result of our lack of foresight.这次失败是由于我们缺乏远虑而造成的。
- It required a statesman's foresight and sagacity to make the decision.作出这个决定需要政治家的远见卓识。
- I left the room to forestall involvements.我抢先离开了这房间以免受牵累。
- He followed this rule in order to forestall rumors.他遵守这条规矩是为了杜绝流言蜚语。
- Willow trees breaking out into buds foretell the coming of spring.柳枝绽青报春来。
- The outcome of the war is hard to foretell.战争胜负难以预卜。
- They interred their dear comrade in the arms.他们埋葬了他们亲爱的战友。
- The man who died in that accident has been interred.在那次事故中死的那个人已经被埋葬了。
- Troops could be ferried in to interdict drug shipments.可以把军队渡运过来阻截毒品的装运。
- Interdict could also be sought for the protection of public interests.禁令也可以用于保护公共利益。
- He was quickly snubbed when he tried to intercede.当他试着说情时很快被制止了。
- At a time like that there has to be a third party to intercede.这时候要有个第三者出来斡旋。
- His letter was intercepted by the Secret Service.他的信被特工处截获了。
- Gunmen intercepted him on his way to the airport.持枪歹徒在他去机场的路上截击了他。
- The magazine becomes a cultural medium of intercourse between the two peoples.该杂志成为两民族间文化交流的媒介。
- There was close intercourse between them.他们过往很密。
- If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.如果我们干预的话，可能弊多利少。
- When others interfere in the affair,it always makes troubles. 别人一卷入这一事件，棘手的事情就来了。
- The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
- It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。
- Did you hear the intermittent sound outside?你听见外面时断时续的声音了吗？
- In the daytime intermittent rains freshened all the earth.白天里，时断时续地下着雨，使整个大地都生气勃勃了。
- The lawyer took a long time to interrogate the witness fully.律师花了很长时间仔细询问目击者。
- We will interrogate the two suspects separately.我们要对这两个嫌疑人单独进行审讯。
- Intersperse exclamation marks in the text.在文章中加进一些感叹号。
- You should intersperse colorful anecdotes about your experience with perceptive queries about the vacancy.讲述自己的经历时应该加入一些有声有色的轶事，中间巧妙穿插对所应聘职位的询问。
- The interval between the two trees measures 40 feet.这两棵树的间隔是40英尺。
- There was a long interval before he anwsered the telephone.隔了好久他才回了电话。
- He was answered with a torrent of malediction.他得到的回答是滔滔不绝的诅咒。
- Shakespeare's remains were guarded by a malediction.莎士比亚的遗骸被诅咒给守护著。
- If he weren't a malefactor,we wouldn't have brought him before you.如果他不是坏人，我们是不会把他带来见你的。
- The malefactor was sentenced to death.这个罪犯被判死刑。
- Why are they so malevolent to me?他们为什么对我如此恶毒？
- We must thwart his malevolent schemes.我们决不能让他的恶毒阴谋得逞。
- There is no specific remedy for the malady.没有医治这种病的特效药。
- They are managing to control the malady into a small range.他们设法将疾病控制在小范围之内。
- A maladroit movement of his hand caused the car to swerve.他的手笨拙的移动使得车突然转向。
- The chairman was criticized for his maladroit handing of the press conference.主席由于处理记者招待会的拙劣而被批评。
- The malcontent is gunning for his supervisor.那个心怀不满的人在伺机加害他的上司。
- Nevertheless,this kind of plan brings about partial player is malcontent.不过，这种方案招致部分玩家不满。
- There must have been a computer malfunction.一定是出了电脑故障。
- Results have been delayed owing to a malfunction in the computer.由于电脑发生故障，计算结果推迟了。
- I detected a suggestion of malice in his remarks.我觉察出他说的话略带恶意。
- There was a strong current of malice in many of his portraits.他的许多肖像画中都透着一股强烈的怨恨。
- You ought to kick back at such malicious slander. 你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。
- Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。
- It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
- She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。
- Alexander got a malignant slander.亚历山大受到恶意的诽谤。
- He started to his feet with a malignant glance at Winston.他爬了起来，不高兴地看了温斯顿一眼。
- In Africa, there are a lot of children suffering from severe malnutrition.在非洲有大批严重营养不良的孩子。
- It is a classic case of malnutrition. 这是营养不良的典型病例。